$2.95
USA
Atrtratfa
A $ 475
S * *45
Malay ma
New Zealand NZ $ 475
Hong Kong H $23.50
M S 915
MICRO JOURNN.
YOUR CHOICE-smatrt either way
Over 140 software driven functions
82 x 24 or 82 x 20 screen format — software selectable
High resolution 7x12 matrix characters — P-31 green phosphor
Upper/lower case character set — plus graphics character set
56-key alphanumeric keyboard — plus 12-key cursor, numeric pad
Internal editing functions — insert, delete, scroll, roll, slide, etc.
Parallel printer I/O port
50 to 38,400 baud operation — programmable
Cursor type, cursor position, print control characters, protected fields,
shift inversion, dual intensity and many other features
8212 — twelve-inch diagnonal screen or 8209 — nine-inch diagnonal screen
SOUTHWEST TECHNICAL PRODUCTS CORPORATION
219 W. RHAPSODY
SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS 78216 (512) 344 0241
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Portions of text prepared jslng the following.
SWTPC 6800-6809-DMAF2-CDSI-CT82-Sprlnt 3
Sojthwest Technical Products
219 W. Rhapsody
San Antonio, Texas 78216
EDITOR - WORD PROCESSOR
Technical Systems Consul tants, Inc.
Box 2573, W. Lafayette, IN 47906
FLEX Is TM of TSC
GIMIX Super Mainframe-Assorted memory boards
GIMIX Inc.
1337 West 37th Place
Chicago, II 60609
Publisher: Don Williams Sr.
Executive Editor: Larry Williams
Subscriptions and Office manager
Mary Robertson
General Girl 'Friday'
Joyce Will lams
Contributing Editors:
Ron Anderson
Norm Commo
Dr. Theo El bert
Bob Nay
Dele Puckett
MARCH 1982
VOL. I V.. .ISSUE III
FLEX USER NOTES 16 Anderson
68XX CONVENTION 17
COLOR USER NOTES 18 Nay
SUPER "COLOR" TERMINAL... 21 Nelson
COLOR INFO 22 Kahn
GIMIX CATALOG COGENT.... 23
A NEW C CO^MLER 24 WORD'S WORTH
"C M USER KOTES 25 Carroo
BIT-MAPPED GRAPHICS 28 Green
SWTPC C 30
680X USER NOTES 30 AGC-NJ NEWSLETTER
OS-9 HEX ECHO ROUTINE.... 31 S trunk
BIT BUCKET 35 All of us
COLOR CO^UTER MUSIC 35 Dlldy
C MEMORY REVIEW 38 Cook
AAA EDITOR 39 Wolach
CALCOH 3 DRIVES WITH /09.. 41 Kitazume
CLASSIFIED ADVERTISING... 42
HELP 42
MICRO
JOURNN.
Send All Correspondence To:
68 MICRO JOURNAL
5900 Cassandra Smith
Computer Publishing Center
P0 Box 849
Hixson. TN 37343
615 842-4600
Copyrighted 1981 by CPI
'68* Micro Journal is published 1 2 times a year by '68'
Micro Journal. 6131 Airways Blvd., Chattanooga, TN
37421. Second Class postage paid at Chattanooga, TN.
Postmaster: Send Form 3579 to '68' Micro Journal, PO
Box 849, Hixson, TN 37343
1-Year $24.50,2-Year $42. 50,3-Year $64.50
^ITEMS SUBMITTED FOR PUBLICATION^
(Letters to the Editor for Publication) All letters to the
Editor' should be substantiated by facts. Opinions should
be indicated as such All letters must be signed. We are
interested in receiving letters that will benefit or alert our
readers. Praise as well as gripes is always good subject
matter. Your name may be withheld upon request If you
have had a go-id experience with a 6800 vendor please
put it in a letter If the experience was bad put that in a
letter also. Remember, if you tell us who they are then it is
only fairthat your namenot be withheld. This meansthat
all letters published, of a critical nature, cannot have a
name withheld. We will attempt to publish verbatim 1
letters that are composed using good taste/ We reserve
the right to define (for 68* Micro) what constitutes 'good
taste
{Articles and items submitted for publication) Please,
always include your full name, address, and telephone
number. Date and number all sheets. TYPE them if you
can. poorly handwritten copy js sometimes the difference
between go, no-go. All items should be on 8X11 inch,
white paper Most all art work will be reproduced photo-
graphically, this includes all listings, diagrams and other
non-text material. All typewritten copy should be done
wtth a NEW RIBBON, All hand drawn art should be black
on white paper Please no hand written code items over
50 bytes. Neatly typed copy will be directly reproduced.
Column width should be 3V* inches.
(Advertising) Any Classified: Maximum 20 words. All
single letters and/or numbers will be considered one (1)
word- No Commercial or Business Type Classified
advertising. Classified ads will be published in our
standard format. Classified ads $7.50 one time run. paid
in advance.
Commercial and/or Business advertisers please write
or phone for current rate sheet and publication lag time.
UIIY1IA ZIYIM^bttUy 5Y5ltlYI5
GIMIX offers you a variety of system packages including systems that feature BOTH
MICROWARE's OS 9 Level 1™ operating system and TECHNICAL SYSTEMS CON-
SULTANTS' FLEX™, Switch between these two predominant 6809 Oisk Operating Systems,
under software control, without the need to change PROMS, switches, or system configura-
tion. System packages are also available for MICROWARE's OS-9 Level 2 and TECHNICAL
SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS' UniFLEX™. You can select one of our featured systems or select
from our wide variety of system components to build a custom system to suit your needs.
All systems include any required CPU Board options and are completely conligured loyour specilicalions. They do not include
disk drives or terminals See pages 4 and 5 lor information on 5Y« drives tor installation in Ihe CLASSY CHASSIS and/or 8"
disk drives and cabinels Any combination ot 5 V and 8" floppy disk drives, up to lour drives tola!, can be used with syslems
that Include controller {except UniFLEX™systems which require 8" drives)
For information and pricing on additional options see ihe appropriate pages ol ihis brochure Of contact the lactory
56KB 2MHZ 6809 SYSTEMS WITH GMXBUG/FLEX/OS-9 SOFTWARE SELECTABLE
INCLUDES: CLASSY CHASSIS. 6809 PLUS CPU Board, 56K Byte STATIC RAM, #43 Two Port Serial I/O board w/cables, and,,.
with #58 single density disk controller (System #59) $2988.59
wfth #68 DMA double density disk controller (System #49) $3248.49
To substitute Hon Volahl© CMOS RAM wlihballety back-up. add $ 150,00
128KB 2Mhz 6809 DMA Systems for use with TSC's UNIFLEX or MICROWARE's OS-9 Level 2
INCLUDES: CLASSY CHASSIS, 6809 PLUS CPU Board, #68 DMA Disk Controller Two 64K Byte STATIC RAM Boards, #43 two
Port Serial I/O board w/cables, (software not included. UniFLEX^ requires 8" disk drives) $3798.39
To substitute 128KB of Hon Volatile CMOS RAM w/Battety Back UP add $ 300.00
56 KB SYSTEM #29 This system can be used as the basis for a custom system to suit your special needs. It includes:
CLASSY CHASSIS, 6809 PLUS CPU. 56KB STATIC RAM Board, and #43 TWO PORT SERIAL I/O board w/cables. You can add to
thisyour choice of Disk Controllers, Memory, I/O. Software, etc $2498.29
50 Hz version of above add $ 30.00
The GIMIX CLASSY CHASSIS"
6800/6809 SS-50 BUS MAINFRAME
The CLASSY CHASSIS includes:
A HEAVYWEIGHT, ALUMINUM CABINET (18" wide x 2V deep x 7" high) painted in a pulty colored,
durable baked enamel linisft. The cablnel holds our 6800/6809 mother board CV Ferro-resonant power supp-
ly, and has provisions lor mounting one or two5Y< Floppy or Winchester disk drives The back panelis punched
for 1 5 " D" lype data connectors (25 pin) and has provisions tor Iwo removable connector plates lhal are available in
a vanely ol conneclor configurations Cabinels are normally supplied wnh two blank plales unless other lypes are
required or specilied Thecabinel includes a tan and ventilation slots which direcl cooling air over the boards and
power supply The front panel has a 3 position, key locking, power swilch that permils the resel switch lo be locked
oul, prevenling accidenial system reset, and a Ihree position RESET /ABORT switch Oplional tiller plales are
available for syslems thai do nol use the 5^" drive openings
The 6800/ 6809 SS-50/ C MOTHERBOARD includes:
This Highly versatile molherboard is easily reconfigured lor a variely ol 6800 and 6809. SS-50 and SS-50C bus configurations
GOLD PLATED conneclors are used throughout to insure long lasttng electrical conlacl and protection against corrosion
It has tilteen 50 pin slots. 8 DIP-switch addressable 30 pin 1/0 slols, and a spectal 10 pin slol for ihe baud rale generator board The fully buffered I/O block can be con^
figured lor 4. 8. or t6 decoded addresses per slot, and is DIPswitch addressable loany 32. 64. or 128 byle boundary Extended address decoding (SS-50C) allows the f/0
block to be addressed anywhere In the 1M byle address space
The baud rate generator board provides 1 1 standard (t6X) baud rales, from 75 to 38 4K. in 2 groups Programming jumpers allow easy selection of up to five baud rales.
The five baud rale lines on the 50 pin bus are easily disconnected from the 30 pin bus tor use wtlh SS50C exiended addressing of as user defined lines A slow 1/0 circuit, (or
the 6809 CPU, can be used to generate an MRDY signal whenever an 1/0 slot is accessed {This allows, tor example, using PI0 Disk Controllers wllh a 2MH2. 6809 CPU).
All data, address, and conirol lines are luliy terminated and separated by noise reducing ground lines on the bottom ol Ihe board.
The 090" thick, double sided P C. board has a full ground plane Faraday Shield on the lop side to further reduce noise
The CV Ferro-resonant Power Supply leatures a custom designed lor GIMIX to GIMIX specs Constant Voltage. Ferro-resonani, faraday shielded, transformer lhal provides
brown-out and overvollage protection and permits Ihe system lo operate properly, even under adverse AC power input condiiiorts II also includes an AC line liller and AC reso-
nant capacflot, 3 DC fliter capacitors, and GIMIX unique liller assertory board that has a clampifig terminal block for easy wiring connectors. The power supply provides +8
Volts at 30 Amps, + 16 Volts al 5 Amps, and - 16 Volts at 5 Amps; enough lo power a fully loaded system plus ihe two 5V< " 4 Disk drives, indudiug Winchester types, tlial can
be Installed In the cabinel. All supply oulputs are filtered and Individually fused. The standard version operales over an AC mpul range ol 90 lo 140 Volts, 60 Hi. Export ver-
sions are available lor inputs ol 95 to 1 30 or 190 lo 260 volls. 50 Hz
CABINET, MOTHERBOARD, and POWER SUPPLY assembled, burned in, and tested $1 198.19
50 Hz Export versions (specify voltage) Add $ 30.00
Please see page 7 for information on optional tront panel filter plales. disk regulator boards, back panel conneclor plates, and back panel cable sets.
NOTE: 0u» to *wj w mtr&o* GIMIX UAftffiAMES wtt 5 6mw mWttJ *na GiMiX B OlSK CABINETS win **» in*t*W am* $e *t>(Hi *$ UPS Al t»» ankrms upon *• w# srtp mm tySVto vu UPS ««Mrti mm. pack*
fepratefy of vu v fowpfu (EMfAV) coma *wi itm *iw* utiUW PH»» l&ati ths atHno itaftog me9w wh«> otfamnQ 1*9*1*0 of If* sftorog mtfnod cftauft. jl aftfere *t »u*Tt*d and Hflsti is oampt^g uMj Mon V**wg
TO ORDER BY MAIL SEND CHECK OR MOnEY ORDER OR USE YOUR VISA Oft MAST ER CHARGE. Please a I tow 3 weeks for personal checks lo eta*. U.S. orders add 35
handling if order is under S2O0.OO, Foreign orders add $10 handling If order i s under $200 00. Foreign orders over S200.00 will be shipped via Emory Air Frelghl COLLECT, and
we will charge no handling, AM orders musl be prepaid in U.S. funds. Please note that foreign checks have been taking about 8 weeks for collection so we would advise wir-
ing money, Or checks drawn on a bank account In Ihe U.S. Our bank is the Conlinental Illinois National Bank of Chicago, 231 S. LaSalle Street. Chicago* | L 60693, account
*73 32033 Visa or Master Charge also accepted.
8e wra to add $30.00 Mr wc* 5QH* power S«PP>| wVre mwfcc
GIMIX fnc reserves tf» rig hi lo change pricing and prodiiclspeciticahons at any lime without luci her notice- GIMIX* andGHOST* are registered Iradenarksot GIMIX fnc ©1982GIMIX Inc.
GIMIX Inc. - 1337 WEST 37th PLACE • CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 60609 • (312) 927-5510 • TWX 910*221-4055
GIMIX 6809 CPU BOARD for the SS-50 BUS
The GIMIX 6809 PLUS CPU is an extremely versatile board that offers the user a great many features
and options which make it an ideal choice for a variety of systems and applications.
ram
90 1 r "=h» — -^
Any one of 3 memory management techniques can oe used
SlraigM Bank Select
GIMIX Enhanced OAT w/soitware wnie proiecl jopuorul)
SWfFC compatible OAT {required tor SBUGE) (Optional)
Soltware wrUe protect in 4K blocks, of Ihe entire address space {when GlMtx
enhanced OAT is installed)
Jumper selectable processor clock speeds H i 5, 2 MHz \
Separate butlers for the 6809 and ihe on card devices
1 8MB 0OH OJV MMDS do V **%*» * c*rt r m \j&mw
4 PROM/ROM/RAM sockets tor morion and user software lup to 32K)
PAOM/ROM/RAM tochels individually jumper selectable tor single or mumpie supply voltage
and 1 2 4 or 6K tye devices tSome FPLAs 00 not support 8K devK»>
IK Dvtes ol scratchpad RAM
68*0 progrcivrubfti timer w.iih provtstons lor external dock
gale and ouiput connections
lime ol Day Ctoc* {5816?) w/Banory oackup
9511 A or 9512 Ahihmenc Processor w/ Jumper selectable 2 3 or 4 MHz flock speeds
lOOhOADr
FPLA address doeoding tor the 6 on card device 4 PROM/ROM/RAM sockets. 5616?
9511 A/9512. 8840. IK scratchpad RAM
Soriware swiichkng ol address conrtouraiions lor the 6 on card devices (allows software swii
ching between on board PROM/ROM/RAM resident system monnors)
All FPLA decoded devices can be individually erowed/dtsawed
FPLA decoded devices are available lor DMA access
Extended addressing tor ihe FPLA decoded devices {can be disabfed)
Sotlware switching between on and otl board system monitors using extended addressing
Jumper selectable interrupts for ine 6840, 58167. and 9511A/9512
NMI input can be jumpered io ihe bus or to an external connecior
BA & BS lumper selectable fdr independent or gated operation
User derhMd kalch output
Gold MOLE* connectors lor trouble free contact
SS 50 and SS 50C compatible
Futf DMA compaMlitws {works with any of the 8809 DMA methods)
Full Slow memory capabilities
Fully assembled tested and burned in
wi»v r*el
2 MHz 6809 PLUS CPU #05 $578.05
The GIMIX 6809 PIUS CPU board has a variety of other options that may be ordered at (he time ol purchase or added later it ts fully socketed to allow adding the tattoo-
ing options at arty time.
GIMIX ENHANCED (}ff^^M(U^Jf3rTSQ^n $35.00 SWfc&xT^iWe 0AT( required »orS9UG*E) $15.00
1K CMOS Scratchpad RAM (1.5 MHz) SuterjMw $ 8.00
ARITHMETIC PROCESSORS
9511A(32brtrrathw/trartscef«l8fltals)4MHz , $312.00 9512 (S4bK math only) 3 MHz $265.00
GIMIX 6800 CPU BOARD
- 6800 MPU - DIP*switch EPROM addressing. wj!h
- 4K EPROM (2708) compaiibie with most standard
ion Kut« dau 6800 monitors, n
- 128 byte RAM Baud Rate
- 6840 Programmable timer Option Add $ 30.00
(optional)
$224.03
S288.06
THE UNIQUE GIMIX 80 x 24 VIDEO BOARD
Upper and lower Case with Descenders • Hardware Scrolling
Contiguous 8x10 Character Cells • X-Y Addressable Hardware Cursor
IT IS THE ONLY VIDEO BOARD THAT GIVES YOU: A user programmable RAM character generator Custom
character sets up to 128 characters each can be stored and loaded into the fioaro under software eootrel. from disk tape etc
The aotkty to choose, under lOftware control. 256 displxyabie characters Irom 384 avaiftaOte in ihe 3 on board (2 EPROM and 1 RAM)
Characler generators
The ability Io divide the 256 disptayabto characters into 8 groups according to both ASCII Code and bit 8 lets your program deter
mme how each group a displayed jWhacri character generator to use, and whether ri mil be normal or inverse video, tut or reduced
intensity or a eontenabon ol these )
GHOS?afrJtfy to place mrtipie boards al ihe same address and access inem individual wiihoul aitecbng ihe display ol Ihe other bonds
The abMy Io conotf all Ihese features, on die %. ihrongh software
* Fully decoded oc*up*s onry 2* of address spaee * FuHy socketed- Gold bus eonneciors * Assembled Burned in and Tested at 2 MHz
Deluxe Version with RAM Character Generator . . . $458.76 Without RAM Character Generator . . . $398.74
• 50 Hz Versions Available •
Versions of GMXBUG-90/FLEX and OS-9 that use the GIMIX 80 x 24 VIDEO BOARO in place ol a serial
terminal are available. These versions require a user supplied video monitor and parallel ASCII
keyboard. Contact GIMIX lor more Iniormation
ine,
Alio Available: For Use with Master Antenna Systems,
Our 64 or 32 x 16 Fully Interlaced, Uppercase Only, Video Board .
$198.71
Gimix
1337 WEST 37th PLACE
CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 60609
(312) 927-5510 • TWX 910*221-4055
<a
2MHz 64K BYTE STATIC RAM BOARD $638.67
for 6800 and 6809 systems using the SS-50/SS50C bus
Also available...
56K $578.57
48K $518.47
32K $398.37
24K $348.27 ^{' 'L^phr
All versions have gold bus connectors and are fully socketed, assembled, burned in. and tested
Versions with less than 64K can be expanded al any time by adding additional RAM chips. LU^ZST!
FEATURES:
• ADDRESSABLE in two 32K sections with separate regular and extended address decoding for each section. Each section can be addressed 1o any 32K
boundary in the address range (1M Byte wilh extended addressing). Each 32K section Is divided inlo four 8K blocks that can be individually enabled or
disabled Disabled sections do not occupy address space.
• FULLY STATIC MEMORY does not require complicated refresh timing or clocks tor data retention. Compatible with any ot the 6800/6809 DMA techniques
• GUARANTEED 2Mhz OPERATION uses high speed (200 ns.) memory with no wait states or clock stretching required.
• LOW POWER NMOS RAM requires less than 3/4 AMP (750 ma) lypical at 8V, lor a fully populated 64K board
Also available...
NON-VOLATILE 64K BYTE CMOS STATIC RAM BOARDS with BATTERY BACK-UP
With all the versatility of the above boards.. . PLUS±
* NON VOLATILE MEMORY with bulft in battery back-up. Retains data even wilh system power
removed With the battery luly charged, data remains intact tor a minimum of 2\ days.
+ ULTRA-LOW POWER CMOS RAM requires less than 1/4 AMP (250 ma ) typical at 8V for a
tuny populated 64 K board
* LOW BUS VOLTAGE DETECTION inhibits memory access during power up and power down
to preveni latse writes to the memory
* WRITE PROTECT SWITCH permits the entire boatd to be write protected tor PROM/ROM
emulation and software debugging
64K.. $798.64 - 56K.. $728.56 - 32K.. $518.36
All above RAM Boards are guaranteed for 2MHz operation.
16 SOCKET EPROM/ROM/RAM BOARD
WITH EXTENDED ADDRESS DECODING
For Use With: Existing SS50 Systems and SS50C Extended Address Systems
FEATURES: Up to 128K on a single board (using 8K devices)
Can be used with 2, 4, and 8K 24 pin r 2716/2516 pinout, single supply voltage EPROMs and most pin-
compatible ROMs and static RAMS.
• Device sizes and types can be mixed on the same board
• 2 separate 8 socket sections
DIP-switch selection ot base address for each section
individual address decoders for each section, including extended address decoding
Bipolar PROMs for address decoding allow mixing of device sizes within a section
Separate slow memory generation for each section. (6809 only)
• Each socket is jumper programmable for device size and type (2, 4 or 8K PROM/ROM/RAM)
• Fully Buffered • Fully Socketed • Gold Bus Connectors
iND TESTED $238 .32
8K PROM BOARD $98.34
• Holds eight 2708 or 2708-compalible ROMS. • Gold Bus Connectors
• DIP-switch addressabte to any 8K boundary.
HIGH RESOLUTION BIT MAP GRAPHICS BOARD SET
FEA TURES: - 512 x 512 Dol resolution — A board set consisting of the Graphics Controller Board and the Screen Memojy Board (32K ot
memory) — Does not tie-up the processor or system bus lor screen refresh — Occupies 8K of address space plus 8 bytes for control ports
— Separate DIP-swilch selection lor screen memory and control port addressing — GHOSTability allows mutliple Ooards lo be placed at the same ad-
dress and be enabled/disabled under software control — Extended address decoding for SS50C extended address lines
ASSEMBLED BURNED IN AND TESTED $996.77
NOTE: This Graphic Board Set requires a high resolution video monitor such as the M0R0T0LA M4408 with a 30KHz horizontal scan rate.
EIVTllX >nC 1337 WEST 37th PLACE • CHICAG0 « ILLINOIS 60609 • (312) 927-5510 ♦ TWX 910-221-4055
;■'
j , : I .. | 1
* ■ MMftaa
i^M
II I I
GIMIX DMA DOUBLE DENSITY
DISK CONTROLLER #68
The GIMIX DMA (Direct Memory Access) DISK CON-
TROLLER has the capabilities needed to realize the full
potential of todays sophisticated mulli-user/multl-tasklng
operating systems such as OS-9 T and UniFLEX™.
HIGH SPEED using bi-polar logic DMA circuitry for
guaranteed operation at 2MHz. DMA transfers take
place at fuH bus speed using 6609 cycle steal DMA,
Once the required parameters are passed to the con-
troller and DMA transfer is initiated the processor is
free for other tasks. Interrupts can be generated to
indicate the completion of the transfer.
SINGLE AND DOUBLE DENSITY data storage on any combination of 5 V* " and 8" floppy disk drives; single and double headed,
single and double track density, up to 4 drives total.
LOW ERROR RATES are insured by a data recovery circuit (data separator) and adjustable write precompensation circuitry for
drives that require precomp. Separate precomp adjustments are provided for 5 1 /*" and 8" drives.
ADDRESSABLE to any 8 byte boundary in the address space (1M byte when extended address decoding is used). The board
occupies only 8 bytes of address space.
EXTENDED ADDRESSING control using the SS-50C extended address lines. Control of the extended address lines allows the
board to perform DMA transfers to and from any address in the 1M byte address space.
FULLY BUFFERED with separate 5 V*" and 8" output buffers and schmidt trigger input buffers for the disk drive signals.
The DMA controller leaves the processor free to perlorm other tasks once the transfer is initiated, unlike programmed I/O disk controllers which require
full time use of the processor during data transfers to and from disk.
This is extremely important in a multiuser/ multitasking environment as the processor can perlorm other tasks such as console I/O while a disk transfer
is in progress
#68 fully assembled, burned in, and tested $588.68
GIMIX DOUBLE DENSITY PIO DISK CONTROLLER #28
The GIMIX DOUBLE DENSITY PIO (PROGRAMMED t/Ol DISK CONTROLLER Is a versatile floppy disk
interface tor use In 6809 systems on the SS-50 or SS-50C bus. The board physically occupies one slot
of the 30 pin UO bus.
• Double the unformatted storage capacity of single density controllers
• Single and double density operation
• Phase lock data recovery circuit (data separator)
• Adjustable write precompensation (precomp)
• Controls up to four 5 'A'* drives
• Controls single and double headed drives
• Designed to meet the data hold-time requirements of the Western Digital 1797 floppy disk
controller I.C.
The GIMIX DOUBLE DENSITY P!0 DISK CONTROLLER is ideal lor systems that require greater data storage Irian that provided
by single density controllers, without increasing the number or type ol drives in most cases existing 6809 systems can be
upgraded by adding only the controller and the appropriate operalmg system software
#28 fully assembled, burned In end tested $298*28
GIMIX 5/8 DISK CONTROLLER BOARD #58
The GIMIX 5/0 DISK CONTROLLER Is a versatile floppy disk interface for use with both 6800 and
6809 systems on the SS50orSS50C bus. The board physically occupies one slot of the 30 pin tfO bus.
• Hardware and software compatible with existing disk controllers (SWTPc DCL DC-2 and DC-3)
• Controls up to four 5% " drives in 6800 systems
• Controls any mix of 5V«" and 8" drives, up to four drives total, in 6809 systems
• Provides for double headed drives
• Synchronous data separator tor data reliability
• Designed to meet the data hold-time requirements of the 1771 floppy disk controller l.C.
Tne GIMIX 5/8 DISK CONTROLLER Is Ideal lor a variety ol applications induing the replacitent of controtets in Brisling systems. As a
replacOTWt it can provide the aOded atfva/itoges ol a data separator, double headed dnve capability, and in 6809 systems tfs ability to
use 8" dnves Double headed drives and 8" operation may require appaxwvMe operating system software.
*S8 fully assembled, burned in, end tested $226.58
ALSO As above, but tor 5 % M drives only $198.48
AVAILABLE: As above, but without 1 771 , tested, not burned in $158.38
NOTE: When ordering disk controllers please specify the make and model of the drives being used.
SV* " DRIVES INSTALLED IN GIMIX SYSTEMS with all necessary cables
SINGLE DENSITY DOUBLE DENSITY
40 track (48TPI) single sided
Formatted
Unformatted
Formatted
Unformatted
2 for $700.00
199,680
250,000
341,424
500,000
40 track (48TPI) double sided
399,360
500,000
718,848
1,000,000
2 for 900.00
80 track (96TPI) single sided
404,480
500,000
728,064
1,000.000
2 for 900.00
80 track (96TPI) double sided
808,960
1.000,000
1.456,128
2,000.000
2 for 1300.00
CHART SHOWS TOTAL CAPACITY IN BYTES FOR 2 DRIVES.
SOFTWARE AVAILABLE FOR GIMIX DISK SYSTEMS
QIMIX VERSIONS OF TSC's 6609 FLEX operating systems are available for all three GIMIX disk controllers. They fully support all the
features of each controller and are software compatible with other versions of FLEX, GfMIX FLEX Includes a disk FORMAT program
that allows the user to pick the number of tracks to format, single or double sided disks, and where appropriate single or double
density. It also supports both single (46 TPI) and double (96 TPI) track 5V«" drives and allows 80 track (96 TPI) drives to read, write, and
format 40 track (48 TPI) disks. FLEX Is single user and limited to 56KB systems.
Specify controller and type of drive: 8"; or 5V< " 40 or 80 track $90.00
NOTE: FLEX requites a system monitor (e.g. GMXBUG or S BUG E| When used with a SWTP CPU and SBUG E and the GIMIX #60 DMA
CONTROLLER, the GIMIX BOOTSTRAP PROM is also required-
MX BOO 09 includes advanced debugging capabilities as well as utility and memory manipulation routines. The standard terminal
based version can be upgraded to video based for use with the GIMIX 80 x 24 Video board by changing the bootstrap PROM to the
Videofeootstrap Prom. It can be used with either GIMIX DAT or SWTP DAT, but they are not required.
Price Includes PROMs, Manual, and Source listing (Specify DAT) $98,65
Video/bootstrap or Bootstrap PROM only (Included w/GMXBUG) $30.00
GIMIX' versions of MICROWARE's OS9 level 1 are available for all GIMIX disk controllers. OSS includes PROMS and Disk,
Mlcroware's 0&9 Debugger is also included. Level 1 is multi-user, but limits user to 56KB Specify controller and type of drive: 8"; or
5V4 ri 40or80track $195.00
• SYSTEM SPECIAL • GIMIX offers you GMXBUG/FtEX/OS-9 selectable under software
control. See System prices elsewhere In this brochure.
UNIFLEX is available for GIMIX Systems using the GIMIX 6809 CPU board and the #68 DMA Controller with 8" drives. It re
quires a minimum of 128KB of RAM. A signed license agreement with TSC is required before shipping. The SWTP DAT parts
must be installed on the GIMIX CPU.
UNIFLEX $550-00 QIMIX boot PROM for UNIFLEX $50.00
MICROWARE's OS-9 Level 2 requires a minimum of 128KB of RAM, The GIMIX DAT parts must be installed on the GIMIX CPU.
GIMIX versions of Level 2 also include the Debugger (To be available soon) $495.00
A WIDE VARIETY OF LANGUAGES AND OTHER SOFTWARE IS AVAILABLE FOR THESE 6809 DISK OPERATING SYSTEMS
FOR MICROWARE'S OS-9 LEVEL 1 & 2:
Macro Text Editor $125.00 CIS COBOL $895 00 OS 9 PASCAL $400 00
0S-9 Assembler 125.00 Forms 2 Option 200.00 0S-9 C Compiler (Available Soon) 400.00
BASIC09 195.00
FOR TSCt FLEX
6809 Na1!*e-Co<Je Pascal Compiler . , , . $200.00 SoM/Merge .->,,,.*,,.. S 75.00 Slandard Basic Precompiler $ 50.00
Basic 75.00 6809 Debug Package 75.00 Exlended Bask Precompiler 50.00
Exieoded Basic 100.00 6809 Diagnoses Package 75.00 6809 FLEX Utilities 75.00
Texl Processing System. 75.00 6809 Assembler ....50.00 68000 Cross Assembler 25000
Texl Editing System , 50.00
FOR UNIFLEX 1 Year Maintenace Included on alt Unitlex Prices.
UniPLEX Operating System (6809) $550.00 UniFLEX Sort/Merge $150.00 Fortran 77 (requires relocating assembler) $350.00
UnlFLEX Basic 200.00 UniFLEX Pascal 300.00 €609 Relocating Assembler & Unking Loader 175.00
UniFLEX Basic Precompiler , , , 150.00 UniFLEX 68000 Cross Assembler 300.00 Fortran & Relocating Assembler (pkg deal) 450 00
UniFLEX Text Protessor 150.00 Enhanced Printer Spooler 150.00
C Compiler (Requires relocating assembler, available soon) 400,00 C Compiler & Relocating Assembler 500.00
The above software Is from MIC ROW A RE and TSC Numerous offerings of languages (e.g. C, PASCAL, FORTH), utilities (e.g. spelling
dictionaries, cross assemblers, disassemblers) and application packages (e.g. word processing, data base management, accounting),
are available from many other software houses.
8" DISK CABINET and POWER SUPPLY. The cabinet features the same quality,
styling, and finish as the GIMIX MAINFRAME and mounts two standard size 8" floppy
and/or Winchester disk drives. It will also hold 4 thlnllne 6" floppys or a combination of 2
thinllne floppys and an 8" Winchester
To provide an easy means of controlling the power to an entire system from one switch,
three accessory outlets, one tor the computer and two for peripherals (terminals, printer,
etc .1 are provided. The back panel mounted power switch selects either OFF, ON, or the
AUTO mode. In the AUTO mode, the power supply and two of the accessory outlets are
controlled by the computer (or other device), connected to the third accessory outlet.
When the computer is turned on or off, the cabinet senses the presence or absence of
current flow to the computer and turns Itself and the other accessor y outlets on or off. Circuitry Is also provided to turn AC drive motors
ON and OFF under computer control. A built In fan with a washable air filter provides cooling for the power supply and drives. The back
panel Is punched for 4 connectors (two 50 and two 20 pin) for connections between the cabinet and the computer.
The power supply uses a constant voltage Ferro* resonant transformer for reliability and protection against brownouts and power line
noise. It provides 4- 5 Volts at 6 Amps, 4* 24 Volts at 6 Amps, and - 5 Volts at 750 Ma. continuously; with ample surge capacity for
drives that require higher starting currents. The supply has two separate 24 V. outputs that can be sequenced to delay starting of the
second drive until the first is up to speed.
All units are fully assembled, burned in, and tested.
8" DUAL DRIVE DISK SYSTEM: includes two double sided 8" disk drives, cabinet, power supply, and all necessary cables to connect to
a QIMIX MAINFRAME or controller (see shipping notes on page 8) S2S9&8B
8" DISK CABINET ONLY: Includes power supply and AC & DC power cables Note: Because different drive models require different AC
& DC connectors, be sure to specify the quantity and model number of the drives being used when ordering $848.18
For 50 Hz Export power supply, add $ 30.00
DRIVE CABLE: for 8" floppy drives includes connectors for the disk drives and a back panel connector for the 6" disk cabinet.
with 2 drive connectors $44.82
with 4 drive connectors 167.84
MAIN FRAME CABLE for use with the above cable; to connectthe disk cabinet toGIMIX MAINFRAMES and disk controllers . . . $4&81
8" FILLER PLATE: used when only one drive is Installed $14.83
OHO- jndtHQtT* jn ^*n ftaMrwiu <* QMi* a 1«?Grtti**c Fi£j*u WWilx « tra*n#ti itf Tvtnat^mnicnMrtf. OS0 b i ruvt rf tfamtn 5*«*m Dip *t
GIMIX 2MHz INPUT /OUTPUT BOARDS
SERIAL INTERFACE BOARDS All GIMIX serial interface cards use the versatile 68650 programmable ACIA
that provides software control over: number of data bits, parity, stop bits, and interrupts; plus a full set of error
and status flags. They all feature RS-232 compatible input/output with RTS, CTS. and DCD handshake signals.
The GIMIX SINGLE PORT serial interface also has 20 Ma. current loop output for use with GIMIX RELAY DRIVER
BOARDS, teletypes, etc.
All serial boards have gold plated, header type connectors for corrosion resistance and reliable operation.
PARALLEL INTERFACE BOARDS All GIMIX parallel boards use the 6821 PIA for compatibility and versatility.
Each 6821 provides two 8 bit ports with a variety of handshake and interrupt generation modes.
Optional cable sets are available to provide 25 pin "D" type data connectors for back-panel mounting.
SINGLE PORT SERIAL INTERFACE TWO PORT PARALLEL INTERFACE CARD
(For the 30 pin I/O bus) $88.41 (For the 30 pin bus): $88.42
DIP-swi1che$ provide lull conlrol over I/O and handshaking configuration —
easily accessible, no soldering necessary lor
* ftS-232 or Current Loop select
* One of five baud rates or an external clock
* Optional conneclion lo toe Interrupt Request tine
' Override ol the DCD and CTS modem control signals - —
On card regulators lor + 5. + 12, and - 12 volts provide
power al the connector lor modems, cassetle Interlaces, etc
RS-232 and current loop drivers and receivers keep outpul trom the GiMix Serial
interlace powerful and ciean.
OTHER FEATURES INCLUDE:
* Modem Control Signals — has data earner detect and clear lo send inpuls.
* Cassette Interface Control — has a diodeprotected external clock input and a
separate clock outpul ' Secondaiy RS-232 inpul and output channels
* Current loop input and output * Reader Control output ' Requesl to send output
2 PORT SERIAL INTERFACE (For ihe 30 pin i/o bus)
Solderiess jumpers provide easy selection and changing of options,
FEATURES:
* 2 separate RS-232 ports (with handshake] on a single beard
* Jumper programmable connector pinouts for easier connection to external devices. (Connector can be
programmed as OCE or 0T€|
* Provides direct plug-in of standard RS-232 connectors when used with optional GIMIX cable sels.
* Individual baud rale and interrupt select jumpers for each porl.
* Selectable lor use with 4. 8. or 16 addresses per slot.
EACH PORT HAS:
• Eight dala I/O lines —
lully buffered, with
SchmidMrigger inputs
for high noise immunity
s DlP-swilch seteclion. of
eilher input or output
t~ ils own buttered mpul
handshaking tine
v its own bultered oulput handshaking line lhal is strappable for inpul,
• OlP-swilches lor connecting to Ihe mterrupl Requesl or ihe Non-Maskable
tnerrupt lines
*- lis own prolessionai quality gold-plated header connector
t~ Gold Bus Conneclors
%e Its own DiP-socket tor connecting lo boards that need an external 8-bit or
oulput porl such as Ihe GIMIX Opto board
»" On-card regulators tor + 5 and - 12 volts provide power at Ihe connectors tor
keyboards, lape readers, elc
$128.43
8 PORT SERIAL BOARD
(Forttie 50 pin bus) $318.46
The GIMIX 8 PORT SERIAL INTERFACE has 3 header
type connectors for external connections. The center
connector provides Transmit Data, Receive Data, and
signal ground for all 8 ports. The outer 2 connectors
each provide TX, RX, and signal ground as well as the 3
handshake lines RTS, DCD, and CTS for 4 ports.
8 PORT PARALLEL INTERFACE BOARD
(For the SO pin bus) $198,45
FEATURES:
' 8 separate RS-232 ports (with handshake) on a single 50 pin board
' Extended address decoding for ihe SS50C bus
* Occupies only 16 bytes of address space
' DiPswUch addressable lo any 16 byle boundary
' Individual OiP-swUch seleclabie baud rates and interrupts lor each port
* On board buad rate generalor tor baud rales from 75 to 38 4K baud
Etghl 8 bit parallel ports on a stngle board
Four682t PIAS
3 ports bultered for output
5 porls bi direclional (not buflered)
Buill in interrupt generator outputs 1 second or 1
minute interrupts
Occupies 16 byles ol address space
DlP-swilch addressable to any 16 byle boundary
CABLE SETS FOR ALL ABOVE BOARDS ....*. $22.95
Cable sets include: Ribbon cable with a matching connector for the
I/O board, a 25 pin "D" type data connector for back panel mounting,
and mounting hardware.
{Please specify which board when ordering cable sets)
GIMIX UNIVERSAL SYNCHRONOUS & ASYNCHRONOUS SERIAL I/O BOARDS, tns » pin **»« * aau* m h*
versions: with a 68650 ACIA, a 68B52 SSDA (Synchronous Sena! Data Adapter) or a 88B54 ADLC (Advanced Data-Lmk Controller). Control logic is provided tor loop
mode operation ol Ihe 68B54 ADLC, All three feature jumper seleclabie RS-232C or RS-423 (single-ended), or RS-422 (Dftterential) line drivers and receivers for Ihe
Receive data, transom data, external clock, and handshake signals. Exlernal connections can be made through
the 26 pin htader at Ihe top ot the board or, when used with an optlnal GIMIX cable set a 25 pin "D" type data
connector The jumper programmable I/O connector ptnouts can be arranged to suil a variety of interface
configurations.
with 68B50 ACIA ($244.50) with 68B52 SSDA ($25452) with 6BB54 ADLC ($266.54)
jnc
(7i\ Gimix
V w / 1337 WEST 37th PLACE
N^^ CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 60609
(312) 927-5510 • TWX 910*221-4055
Control 31 Separata " "■ nJ,Jl
AC Circuits (20 amps mat. ea.) *A%AAjJlJ
DRIVER BOARDS i,X ^BSSSSBl^' tU '
FOR A.C. ^9Mm^^?^^^
POWER CONTROL A
4 Boards (124 relays) can be con*
nected to one 20 ma. current loop, Each
board controls 31 G.E. RR8 relays.
Use multiple serial ports for additional groups of
124 relays.
SAMPLE TO CONNECT Only fwo pairs of wires coming from your computer are needed for each set of four Realy Driver
Boards, these wires may be the standard telephone type.
REMOTELY LOCATABLE. Relay Driver Boards can be conve- I! the onboard UART detects a transmission error, such as In
niently located for A.C. power distribution — away from the framing, parity, or overrun, no relays are activated and no
computer and other Relay Driver Boards. The board operates status scan occurs.
in either the active or the report mode, as specified by the Clamping terminal blocks for wiring simple SPST-N.O.
computer. In the active mode, the board interprets the 8-bit momentary contact remote switches to individual relays or
data received as a command to turn on or off a particular groups of relays, both on and off, provide manual control as
relay. Following abrief interval to allow the selected realy to in a normal low voltage switching system, even without the
operate, the board senses that relay's status (on or off). Jf the computer. In event of power failures, the relays will remain in
status is other than expected, the computer takes the same state that they were in when power is restored,
appropriate action, as determined by the program. A com* DATA rates up to 1200 baud, allow operating up to 120 relays
mand received in the report mode has the same results, ex- SSLPSSSK? on ® acn P,? rl -
cept for relay activation. This allows the mode to check relay COMPACT — Only 24" x 5
status at any time Distances and operation of boards and relays are dependent
upon wire length and gauge, and type of transformer.
RELAY DRIVER BOARD ACCESSORIES
MOUNTING BRACKET + custom designed to hold a Relay Q.E. RR8 RELAYS * 24 volt, split coil mechanical latching
Driver Board and 31 relays. The bracket (26" x 8V4° x 4") and type. Once ON they stay ON (drawing no current) until they
transformer will fit in a standard electrical cabinet (extra room are powered OFF, and vice-versa. Each relay can handle 20
needed for wiring) creating a neat and easily installed system. AMPS for switching lights, motors, machinery, etc. up to 277
TRANSFORMER * 2 Amp., 24 volts. Custom manufactured VAC ' ~~ UL ,ls,ed '
to our specs for powering a Relay Driver Board and 31 G E
RR8 relays.
PRICES
RELAY DRIVER BOARD ONLY $488.86 TRANSFORMER $ 14.24
BRACKET $ 38.21 RELAY DRIVER PACKAGE $1083.08
(Belay Onv«t Bo»r<J 31 RR 8 8flay«. BrtcMl *nd Tttnstomwj
OPTOBOARD FOR REMOTE SENSING $348.85
Links any computer to 34 Outside-World Signals safely All switch ports are constantly scanned by an onboard circuit.
Inputs isolated to 1500 volts No processor time *s required- A built-in memory buller saves up
Perfect for detecting closure of switches and relays to 64 closed-switch signals, permitting the processor to complete
BolIMn Debouncing. lengthy tasks belween interruplions.
Signals may range from 5 to 24 volts D.C. FULL HANDSHAKING LOGIC:
Can detect signals sent by devices such as wan switches, hidden DATA READY output DATA ACCEPTED input
floor switches, electric eyes, alarms, smoke detector, thermostats, BUFFER FULL output RESET input
and a multiplicity of other applications, ALL OUTPUTS ARE BUFFERED AND TTL COMPATIBLE
PARTS AND CABLE SETS FOR GIMIX BOARDS AND SYSTEMS
BAUD Rate Generator Board $88.93
GIMIX double disk regulator with two 4 amp regulators
to provide power for 5 Vi " drives 68.22
Filler plates (when no 5" drives are used), 2 required 14.92
Missing Cycle Detector 38.23
8" Disk Cable and Back Panel Connector Set 29.25
8" Disk Cable Set 44.26
5" Disk Cable Set $34.96
I/O Cable Set, each (specify board) 22.95
GIMIX 2" D Ring Binder 9.00
GIMIX 3" D Ring Binder 12.00
OPTIONAL Back Panel Connector Plates for Mainframe
Choice of: Blank; SO-239; BNC; 20 & 50 Pin Header;
34 & 40 & 50 Pin Header. Connectors not included 8.60
GIMIX 50 PIN PROTOTYPING BOARD
• Double sided with plated thru holes and griddeb power and ground lines. • Pads for solder connections or ,100 center headers on alt 50 bus lines.
• 16 rows ot pads on. 100 x .300 centers; up to 72 fourteen pin ICs. • Accepts 4 TO- 220 regulators; 2 on the + 8V & 1 ea, on the + /- 16 V lines
• Accepts standard 6, 8, 14. 16, 20, 24, 28. and 40 pin DIP devices, • Provisions tor decoupling caps distributed throughout the array.
•The entire top edge has pads (or .100 x .100 header (ribbon) connectors • Can be used with wire wrap, wiring pencil, solder wiring, etc.
With gold bus connectors and heat sinks — unassembled . > . . $56.66
Gimix
1337 WEST 37th PLACE • CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 60609 ♦ (312) 927-5510 • TWX 910-221*4055
g
The Greatest Invention
Since The Wheel
Now your software projects can roll
even smoother and faster. C. the
systems programming language of the
future, is here today for Microware's
OS-9 Operating System. Professionals
rave about C because its a structured
language that can handle Ihe most
demanding reaUlime applications or
painlessly produce simple syslem soft-
ware.
When
performance counts . . .
Few languages can malch C's out-
standing ability to produce fast, com-
pact native code. In fact, il is one of a
very few languages thai is truly effi-
cient enough lo be used lo produce
operating systems, critical real-time
programs, and compilers, because of
the richness and variety of C
operators and the way they naturally
combine, complex functions require
less code. Plus the 68()9 architecture
makes it a superior C machine.
Complete and standard . . .
Microware's new C compiler is a com-
plete version of C that includes all
features of the language described in
the definitive book 'The C Program-
ming Language" by Brian Kernighan
and Dennis Ritchie. OS-9 C features:
preprocessor with conditional compila-
tion; complete standard function
lihrary; char. int. long, and float data
types: pointers, register variables, ar-
rays, structures, and unions; one-pass
compilation: and assembly language
source code output.
The bridge to Unix
and the future - . .
Because Microware's C compiler has
essentially all features of Unix C, and
because the OS-9 operating system is
a Unix-type operating system. C pro-
grams readily move between OS-9 and
Unix. And it is becoming apparent
that C will be the preferred program-
ming language for all popular
16-bit microcomputers. As
a result, software written in
C is inherently protected
against processor obsoles-
cence and is assured port-
ability to all latest-generation
microprocessors including the 68000.
Plus
the OS-9 connection . • .
C rs the latest member of the broadest
line of 6809 software tools in the in-
dustry: Microware's OS-9 family. All
OS-9 system functions are directly
callable from C programs. The C com-
piler utilizes the standard OS-9 Text
Editor and Assembler, and can pro-
cess data files used by Basic09.
Pascal, and Cobol.
Write or call for our free catalog. We
accept phone orders and MasterCard
and VISA orders.
fnu tsti ftodtmork of ftefl T<<krfnrr turtkjrut(ini%
f AW ts «i trodfmork of yhcnnunr Systems 0*y
MICROWAR6.
Mrcrowarv Systems Corporation
5KJ5 Grand Aw,. IHrs Mmms. \A 5<M2
I5t5> 27*KX44 Telex !>H*-52fJ-253S
OS-9 Seminar May 14-16, 1982 Contact MICROWARE For Further Information
OS-9 PASCAL:
A New Programming Tool
For Experts
Why bother with time-consuming and
eiTor-prone assembly language when
you can create elegant, structured
Pascal programs using a powerful
ISO-standard native code compiler?
Microwares new OS-9 Pascal has all
the features you need to handle the
most demanding system and
application programming tasks with
ease.
Generates both
native code and P-code
With OS-9 Pascal you don't have to
make that difficult choice between
easy-to-use Pcode Pascal or fast
native-code Pascal. You can compile
your Pascal program to pure 6809
assembly language source code. OS-9
Pascal performs extensive local and
global code optimization which results
in incredibly fast and compact machine
language programs. Or if you prefer,
OS-9 Pascal can generate P-code for
interpretive execution to simplify pro-
gram debugging and testing. There's
also a Virtual Memory P-code Inter*
preter that can run huge Pascal pro-
grams that other microcomputers cant
touch. In fact, you can run programs
using any combination of P-code, com-
piled machine language, or handwrit-
ten assembly language procedures.
ISO Standard Pascal Plus
OS-9 Pascal conforms to the ISO in-
dustry standard for Pascal, so you are
assured of portability to or from any
other computer that uses standard
Pascal. OS*9 Pascal protects your soft
ware investment and gives you access
to a vast body of existing Pascal soft-
ware. Beyond the standard, we've
added natural extensions to OS-9
Pascal to make it even more versatile,
such as: relaxed identifier syntax:
separate procedure compilation; ran-
dom access file and interactive I/O;
bitwise logical operators; run-
time error handling; and
much more. And because it
runs under OS-9, it is inher-
ently multiuser and multi-
tasking.
A complete tool kit
OS-9 Pascal is a complete
integrated Pascal environment
for OS-9 that includes a compre-
hensive library of Pascal tools: a
compiler, three P-code inteipret-
ers, a machine-language translator,
linkage editor, cross-reference
generator, and more. In short,
everything you need for efficient, con-
venient Pascal programming.
It's available now
OS-9 Pascal is now available off-the-
shelf in all OS-9 disk formats. It can
be used on any disk-based 6809 com-
puter running OS-9 Level One or Lev-
el Two. Kach OS-9 Pascal package in-
cludes the compiler, machine language
translator, P-code interpreters, run-
time support packages, linkage editor,
demonstration programs, and a com-
prehensive 120-page Users Manual.
Write or call for our free catalog. We
accept phone orders and MasterCard
and VISA orders.
I W Pattjl .iihJ i**« are lr«fcin*rk* oJ Micrrivw*.
MICROWARE
Mice* wane Systems Corporation
5835 Grand Ave.. [>es Moines. IA 50312
(5151 279^844 Tele* 910-520-2535
OS-9 Seminar May 14-16, 1982 Contact MICROWARE For Further Information
CIS COBOL:
The Natural Choice
For Business Software
COBOL has
been the uni-
versal business
programming stan-
dard for nearly two
decades. COBOL is rich in
commercially-oriented facilities. It has
powerful file handling, formatted
printing, and data structure capabili-
ties. It is English-like, so that pro-
grams arc easy to read and maintain.
Hy far most organizations use
COBOL as their main business pro-
gramming language. One effect of this
is that more professional business
programmers know and use COBOL
and the best business application soft-
ware is written in COBOL.
Microware has developed the 6809
version of Micro Focus's proven CIS
COBOL compiler to allow you to run
ANSI 1974 standard COBOL on your
OS-9 based computer system. It s been
certified as such by the U.S. General
Services Administration, following
stringent testing. This assures that
CIS COBOL is compatable with stand-
ard minicomputer or mainframe
COBOU. And CIS COBOL has been
proven on thousands of micro and
mini systems all over the world.
Stability is an important advantage
of COBOL. Unlike some other lan-
guages, a firm standard hits been
established, because of this. COBOL
programs can be transferred from one
machine to another with a minimum
of modifications. COBOL users can
lake advantage of the mass of existing
programs written in COUOL.
CIS stands for Compact. Interactive,
and Standard— the most desirable
qualities for microcomputer COBOL.
And CIS COBOL offers you much
more! It has been specially designed
for interactive operation and efficient
use on small computers. CIS COBOL
has multi-user capability that allows
more than one COBOL program to
be run simultaneously. CIS COBOL
extensions for conversational applica-
tions, screen control, interactive de-
bugging, and OS-9's device-independ-
ent I/O system.
CIS COBOL s optional
FORMS 2 program generator
eliminates the need to write
simple data entry and inquiry
programs. It lets you build a
screen layout on line at
the CRT, then automat-
ically generates
COBOL source code
programs from your
screen definitions. Or you can use it
to create the interactive screen han-
dling portions of more complex pro-
grams.
CIS COBOL and FORMS 2 can be
used with any disk-based 6809 com-
puter system having at least 48K of
user RAM running Microware \s OS-9
l-cvel One or OS-9 l^evel Two operat-
ing systems.
[f you need to create business ap-
plications. COBOL is your natural
choice. And if you want to run
COBOL on your 6809 system-or
want easy to use interactive business
programming facilities— that means
68*9 CIS COBOL.
Write or call for our free catalog. We
accept phone orders and MasterCard
and VISA orders.
CIS ( V V**/, <s <i trutkifHir* vf .vfirrw /moo, *jc
™" MICROWARE.
Microware Systems Corporation
5835 Grand Ave.. t)t* Moines. IA 50312
(515) 279-8HM Tck'x 910-520-2535
OS-9 Seminar May 14 -16, 1982 Contact MICROWARE For Further Information
EPSON DOT MATRIX PRINTERS
The Epson MX-80 TTie Epson MX-100
80-Column 136-Column
$495.00 $798.00
MX-70 $395.00 MX-80 FT $625.00
FACTORY FRESH — LATEST PRODUCTION — BRAND
NEW
SWTPC- Motorola, MP32 Dynamic Memory Board
ONLY $199.00
Shipping - Disk Drives or Cabinets with
Power Supply, Add $7.50 each
Memory Bards or Cables, Add ASSeiTlbled & TeSted
$4.50 each
printers - Epson Add S7.50 Thousands sold at $650.00 Save over $450.00
Other Freight COO
1 MHZ - No extended addressing
Can be set up for $0-7FFF or 8000-FFFF
, l ^^_ -r Limited Quantity (l ess than 50)
^^ •* DISC DRIVES & CABINETS W/PS *»
^^shh^^b 5 1/4 "
TEAC - Single Sided, Double
k| Density, 40 Track $249.95
TEAC - Double Sided, Double
rif3rm _ --.— -.7. Density, 40 Track $349.95
CABINET - Single Drive with
Power Supply $ 79.95
CABINET - Double Drive with
Power Supply $ 99,95
CABLE - Single Drive $ 24.95
CABLE - Double Drive $ 34.95
SOUTH EAST MEDIA * KITE - *"*" ordering cables please
P.O. Box 794 Chattanooga TN 37443 specT f y S5 ° Bus or 0+her1 ! !
1-615-842-4601 ° Bl1 *** * r,t * for dlsk controller
■■■■ 8oard information.
DATABASE MANAGEMENT
THAT
• •
ITALL!
DATAMAN ♦ combines Ihe capabilities Ol DATAMAN
DATARAND and OATACALC II hat been redeveloped
DATAMAN ♦ is password protecied al ihe roeriv leval
«o ihet redundant password Promote are eliminaltd
from the grovxr up slier ow ^2 month* ©t experience We ve added Ihe human touch wilh in* uie or the
with live DATAMAN system DATAMAN ♦ •> a powerful operators name »od calculator style input OATAMAN *
RANDOM Delebee* Menegemenl syiiem under FLEX, checks for vend dala types on inpol Ihue eliminsllng e*
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statarnenli, form letters, and my oihe* type ol report your
business needs You can perform calculation* with your
data and print out Ihe results Special printer handing
■Mowi uie of any ■■/ 1 qoiymn qui put. not twit 80 and 132
DATAMAN ♦ '■ r«port write* has added intelligence so
that separate sereei progrents r>««d not be run to citaie
different reports from the same database Aa a matter ol
feci, ihe report writer is so livable that you can use it lo
create invoices, slalemeots even form tellers using dale
from ihe del abase Yog can even pertorm calculations
with ihe dale and put ihe resulls in Ihe report
ONE PROGRAM THAT DOES IT ALL!
Selling up your system to run DATAMAN + Is very easy
and automatic The entire system has been dengned *ith
me jneapatrwnced user *n m*nd The operation of the
»ytt#m is so easy thai al 1*0*4* a manual is provided none
la required lo run OATAMAN +
its easy lo create dalabasea ano reports with
DATAMAN •» Full edilmg capability baa been sdoed to
make II a snap DATAMAN* Is the hrsl iruly RANDOM
DBM system 10 allow any a*ze record and any number of
fields
Modllymg DATAMAN ♦ is easy because DATAMAN ♦
comes wiin every fine of source on disfc! and an eas to
use manual wilh sections on each program lor the pro-
gramme* who wants to ms*e modtttcattOns or cuslomize
it
An upgrade wilt be available for users wllh DATAMAN
FL X verelon avsHsbrs no*. ITn.BS
UniFLEX sftd OS* veofens soon thereafter.
THE BILL PAYER SYSTEM™
THt BltA PATE* <s a package of »0 rfoptu <Jrr»e?» pro-
grams in TSC E»tendee Bee*c This povwrtei system rappe
SOFTWARE CATALOG
you Keep I rack of your tMI la You can create a vendor list,
enter invoices lo be peid. generate reports aboul them,
print your checKs and much more Uses random access
THE PURCHASE ORDER if stem adds purcheee orders
lo Ihe BILL PAYER This package of progreme sdds
anolher level of cohliol to your expenditures Prints oul
purchase orders end keeps track ol purchases Requires
ihe Bill Peyer to work
INCOME/EXPENSE LEDGER. This valuable package is
most appreciated al te» lime Allows up lo 99 income end
expense numbers Ties Into the PURCHASE ORDER
system, end the Bill Ps er
Includes menual and source supplied on drs* In TSC Ex-
tended Beslc
READ TRS-80 LEVEL II BASIC TAPES
This program, wdh an easy 10 make inierfe.ce' witl reed
TRSBO LEVEL It BASIC lepes and convert Ihe programs 10
TSC BASIC Those things that cam be converted are flag
ged so fhet you can hod ihem ess*'; with ine TSC leal
editor no* you cat use Ml thai T RS46 so'ieere oui liters
6809 ssembly Isngirage Includes sources on
01 SKI 154.95
'(instructions and schemslic Included cost sboirl V to
build}
PROGRAM
DATAMAN*
'BILLPAYER
'Purchsse Order
'IncomevEnpanee
"'All Three
PLOT
TABU A RASA
Mailing List
Forms Display
Inventory wilh Material
Requisition Planning
Some Common BASIC Programs
OBJECT /with
ONLY /SOURCE coda
19995 a
§995 1
4995 *
4995 a
16995 1
4495 1
100 00 h
9995 1
4995 h
Now you can have GRAPHICS added to ait your programs
Just write the data ol>i to a virtual array and call PLOT
PLOT is writlan in TSC XBASlC and Ihe source 1a included
on the disk
INFINITE RESOLUTION GRAPHICS ON YOUR TERMINAL
OR PRINTER. HISTOGRAMS BARQRAPHS. XY PLOTS
PLUS OTHERS.
IN TSC XBASlC SOURCE INCLUDED ON DISK. *44.95
THE BILL PAYER
PURCHASE ORDER
INCVEXP LEDGER
18895 BUY ALL THREE AT ONCE
14995 FORU699S
149 95 AND SAVE S1990
SOME COMMON BASIC PROGRAMS
In TSC XBASlC
T9 XBASiC program! at leu thin it each Stand alone or
used as subroutines in your soprtetioni These 76 pro
Irom ihe OSBORNEvMcGrsw H1H
are fully
of
ograms
ol RE Mark 1
on the diss. Supplied
grams a
Book to TSC XBASlC They support vpur printer, i
teiied and debugged Use the AppieSor Wang vet
the boo* (not include*) lot documentation The on
ire very wen commented with a targe
lor eiiy use The Source H included a
on TWO 5 <r>oh or ONE 8 inch ditk
76 programs for only SOB 95
6502 TRANSLATOR
Translator 6502 code to 6809
$75.00
INVENTORY
with MATERIAL
REQUISITION PLANNING
$100.00
SUPER SLEUTH
Disassembler for 6600/6809 or Z60
$99.00
TABULA RASA
Electronic Spreadsheet
$100.00
X FORTH IFLEX)
149 95
CC FORTH <T ftS-80 Color)
9995
TOOLKIT si (BASICl
4995/
TOOLKtT §2
4995/
COLOR TOOLKIT I.TRS BOColor)
49 95
Exiendeduminea
4995/
Password Protection
6995/
CRASMB (X Assembler*
?399S
Personality Modules <1 INC)
2500
6502 6000. 6805, 6809. 260, 6060, l802
HEAD TAPE
SPCLLTEST
199 00/
REAOTEST
54 95/
ESTHER
3995/
HELP
2995/
Job Control Program
DVNASOFT PASCAL IFLEX]
4995/
59 95/
DYNASfT PASCAL ^OSOl
69 95/
0VNASOFT Compiler Source
DYNASTAR Screen EdiloriOS 9|
SUPER S EUTH (66056809,
BB 95
SUPER SLEUTH (260)
CROSS Aa«embier Macros tor TSC ASMB
ea0O»1. 6805. 6502. 280, 60895
3F(
6502 Trensiatof
Oebuoging Simulator* 6605 or 6502
STYLOGRAPM2 29500
STYLOGRAPH 3
19500
STYLOGRAPH MAIL MERGE
12500
STYLOGRAPH Spelling Cfteciter
145 00
100 00
69 95
9
69 95
69 95
69 95
89 95
50 00
869
9
9
9
9
9
9
9ee
US
54 95
J99 00
7*95
59 95
4995 6 69
6995 B&9
99 95 9
9995 9
125.00 P
9
99 00 8 6 9
99.00 8 6 9
-M H "* I
9995
75.00 9
7500 9ee
9
9
9
9
CODE Xp XBASlC. 9 = 6809. 8 *6900. P* PASCAL
USA add 12 50 lor standard UPS shlppirtg 6 handling
Foreign order i add 20H Airmail
Spec.ly 5' ov 8' diss and 6600 or 6809
VISA - MASTER CHARGE - DINERS CLUB ACCEPTED
OUR SOFTWARE IS GIMIX COMPATIBLE
FRANK HOGG LABORATORY, INC
130 MIDTOWN PLAZA • SYRACUSE NEW YORK 13210 • (315)474-7856
DynaStar
Full Screen Editor for OS-9 Systems
Full SctMn Edilor with a Rich set ction of Sih le
Keystroke command*!
MOVE CURSOR L«11. Lei I word, Right. RtghT word. Right
Tab, Up. Oown
SCROLL Up, Down, Up Screen, Down s reen
DELETE Character. Word. Line, SlOCk
PLUS Find string Substitute airing, Move block, Word
wrap. Righl JustiTy, Cenlef Also reed end write aide files.
Execute SheH commends, Optional help menu
User conlkgurabie to virtually any lermmel wltn al lessl a
64 cnaracter Un« end 9600 beud capability
Ai'Bttabte soon tor FLEX 9
PRICH $89,95
Dyr
FLEX COMPATIBLE
FORTH
TRS-80COIOR
COMPUTER
SOFTWARE
FORTH I OR I HE TRS-IO COLOR COMPUTE DISK SYSTEM
Trying lo get control ol your Color Compul »?? Tired ol
iranntaung HEX to decimal?? Tired of remembering where
ihe VDG and SAM are end now lo program ihem?? warn to
«riie machine language code with assembly language
mnemonic? instead ol POKES"
Want lo wrlle programs In tiaJf the time?? Want lo write
«Jis ol ameH pieces 01 coda ihsl you can pui together m
seconds to do BIG JOBS??? Want a language Ihai is si
least S to 10 limes laeler Ihan BASIC??? Wani to /earn
everything there is to know about FORTH, with the beet
manual on the market, l eluding lots ol e«smples ol
FORTH applications, and delalied applanations of how
everything works??
FORTH
1S
'HI
ANMnERl 4
>99
95
ynasoft PASCAL 1.4 for OS-9
Dynaeott Pascal 1 4 includes all I he features of the FLEX
version t 3 witfi the lollowing enhancements Cneln.
Freed. F write, Seek, Open Owtt dose. OeHHe. Fork.
Send, Wait. Sleep, Set time Time. QeteUtus, Setstatue.
SelPrk>nty. GelProclD. and JSR Thie ti an excellent and
feat program, small enough lo write ulililieabut powerful
enough for Ihings like DynaStar
Object only S690S
Add lor run-hme source on disk $30 00
Add lor source oT Dynasoll Peacal Itself S12500
BY Oir* Esfeir, PHD,
rtPORTH NOTES
if you are considering buying FORTH, Vou are probably
trying to decide which ol the two available 'or 66*X to
choose. Here are some ol I he major differences between
the two Unlike the other FORTH, x FORTH runs m the
FLEX (or OS-91 en v ironmen I and uses the same files as any
other FLEX program, which makes it compatible with
other prqgrema o* utilities you may n«?e
X FORTH all $149.95 is nwe or lees the same package
as the olher FORTH costing 1250 00 X FORTH is about
25% lasler, allhougn enact liming tests hav ni been run
yel It is faster because many oP the important things are
coded in assembler, not high level FORTH
X-FORTH documentation is undoubted y Ihe Deal
available lor any FORTH on any computer The manual is
divided into lour major sections 111 Tutorial on FORTH In
general <2> E«l nsions added for Ilex (3> Users manual
14} Glossaiy which ttsla alphabehcally all Ihe worda
described In ir ueers manual w*lh omplete dftscrtpllon
Supplied on one 6* disk or 2 5' dlaka. wllK ■ 400 ♦ page
manueL
DlsklsJ hsve Ihe aourca el everything but the core*
PRICE only $149.95 plus $2.50 S&H
Manual avskla le aeparately for 149.95 plua 12.50 SAH
THE FUTURE
X.FORfH will be our major appllcalkons language In ihe
luturo Life is too short for BASIC We are planning a eon>
pjete business package «n I FORTH. AJR. OvL. MP elc
Because X FORTH will run on many different operaltng
syalems. applications written in it will be mucn easier to
maintain and the merker is mucn bigger
COMING SOON
OSBORNE GENERAL LEDGER IN X- FORTH lor FLEX and
OS9.
M ETA- *• FORTH Cross Compiler lor any CPU
CC.FOftTH TRS50 Colo* Computer Forth
MULT) CPU CROSS ASSEMBLER FOR 6809
FLEX
by Frank Hoffman
CHASMS is a conditional macro assembler with me
capability to use different CPU overlays Ml order lo cross
assemble. These CPU overlays called CPU PBRSONALtJ*
MODULES' <CPM'$t can be call d trom a source file,
thereby making It easy to crear object code tor a variety ot
CPU s It is also possible to create new CPM's yourseiMor
any or lo bil CPU Tne infoimafion needed is included in
Ihe manual II ou decide to do this, •! would be advisable
lo purcnese the source for one of the CPAI'sand modlly II
rather than starting from acralch
CPM'sare currently available lor Ihe following* CPUs
6909. 6800. 6805. 6502. 260/8060, 1602. and
others coming
PRICE $139.95
Includes one 6 bit CfiM of your choice (not source)
Addihonei CPAI's
6 Btt S 2S.00 Source S 25 00 e*/re
16 Btt 1100 00 Source S}00 00 vntts
Inquire about a 6600 version
Spelltest
■ From Oslo Puckelt
FAST 6809 MACHINE CODE
SPELLTEST is the most versatile &0XX spell mg checker
available
MENUS MAKE OPERATION EASY From Ihe menu you
may Print a list of suspect words. Print s list ol valid
words. Check each suspect word one by onec Read your
teat stopping to check suspect words. Use additional dic-
tionaries lor more thorough checking or special applies
tkone. Build an additional dictionary of newly accepted
worde. Write correct text tile to disk
While checking you mey Accept the suspect word. Accept
and save in live dkclionar , Replace wltn corrsct spelling.
Designed lo be used by tne layman, SPELLTEST is rlgnt al
noma in the olfice Ease of use end speed will recover the
cosl In days
22,000 word dictionary coders me lire! 25.000 entries in the
American Heritage Haling of Ihe most common English
words
500 bulll in common words (end, or, tne. etc.) end 300
epeclfic (o our field, filter the text and allows a large me
to pr eased ev i In small compulera
PRICE $199.00 object only
$299.00 with source on disk
TOOLKITS
.
The Basic Prog re miners Toolkit
by Dick Bartholomew
The Basic Programmers Toolkit gives the BASIC program-
mer Ihe power and flexibility never before aclM ved under
FLEX Tne features Include:
EDIT
Edit en? ,n memory BASIC program while *n BASiC'
Tr« etf'for *pver^a lo TSC BASIC or can be tailed from
disk when you load BASIC into memory II alio* a editing
any line or your program! it automatically relocates itself
to ine top of memory Totally invisible when not m use, il
can even be used to entei new lines into your program Us
commands Mte move cursor left or right, delete or insert
characters, change siring 1 to sinng.2
COLOR
TOOLKIT
Utility and Diagnostic Disk Programs
by Dick Bartholomew
Tha COLOR Toolkit is a set ol Disk oiegnosflca and Disk
utilities for Ihe TRS B0 Color Computer Disk SySlum Dick
Bartholomew, well known for hie utility programs lor FLEX
systems, has created a package ol invaluable tools tor the
serious programmer Tnese include Reading FLEX disks,
Writing FLEX disks. Repairin Radio Shack disks, Emend
ed directory, end many many more
PRICE ONLY $49.95 on RS disk.
DECOMPIt
Change BAC hies lo BAS tiles 1
The Decorrutor takes BAC tiles and creates a BAS file
that can be modified and iften recompiled This is very
uselui for making small changes to programs thai you
don'T have the BAS type lite for You can send the output
10 ihe printer or disk
XREF
Cross relerence for BASIC programaf
Tna Croaa referencer la an invaluable lool for llnding
targets for GOTO s. a^ GOSUB's plus ail Ine vane les
and where rney are used
PRICE $49.95 object only
$69.95 with source on disk!
toolkit 2
The Programmers Toolkit
by Dick Bartholomew
The Programmers Toolkit Is a package ot utilities and pro-
? rams thai exl nd the capabilities of F" "'
he programs are
grams thai exl nd the capabiliiies of FLEX to the ulmosl
REPAIR
Repair any sector on a Oisk!
Repair gives you the following op ions Read. Write,
Find a byte. Display, Empty. Nent in en in, Neil seguentiel
seclor. chenge drive number and more
SEQMAP
Graphic display of tne sector fragmentation or scalier
ingot a disk file or the Wee c am on Ihe disk This is done
wiln a Graphic display on th terminal. See LNKMAT
LNKMAT
Sorl and reformat the tree chain into sequential order'
LNKMA Twill relormat Ine disk's Iree chain Intosequerv
del erder II you do e lot o I edlllng or dolellng ol tiles this
wll speed access time by reducing seek limes. This often
eliminates the need to formal s new disk and copy files
Irom one to the otner.
FDJR
Ftiil Directory program!
0'rVfO mis the acreen wiln all the information about
your disk, such sj: Name, Date, # ol Files. Largest.
Smallest, Free space. Linked hlename. Formal ol the disk
plus more
MAP
Display Ihe addresses ol a Filel
Display tne lowest address, Hlghesl address, eize >n
oylea. Transler address, elart ol record indicalois and
more
and printer
CUSTOMIO
Custom l;0 allows terminal
StS/idardrzallon!!
Tne Custom I/O program acts as a transleter beiween
your programs and tne printer and terminal. With rt ou
can use ommon control codes st tha program level and
configure the PO program to handle the pr inte' and ter
minai Whenever a irO device is Changed only ihe i»o
package need be cnenged end nol an your programs Now
one version of your program •ill work with all devices 1
PRICE $49.95 object only
$69.95 with source on disk!
FRANK HOGG LABORATORY, INC
130 MIDTOWN PLAZA • SYRACUSE NEW YORK 13210 • (315)474-7856
Flex User Notes
BY: RONALO W. ANDERSON
3540 STRU8RIDGE OOURT
ANN AR80R, Ml 48105
MORE ON 6809 ASSEMBLER TECHNIQUES
Last column I Included some Information on using
the 6809 Instruction set more effectively when
programming In assembler. I asked for some reader
feedback at that time, but of course you realize that I
have about 1hree of these columns written by the time
the first Is published, so It will be a couple more months
after writing this column before the last Is published
and I see your comments. Just after I wrote that last
column, f added a PROM programmer to my system, and
decided to test It out by burning a utility that I use
frequently Into the prom and plugging It into my MP-09
board. I decided to make the utility position
Independent so I could plug the prom In anywhere In the
address space.
Initial results were Instant failure. I had of
course forgotten that the customary place for
variables in FLEX utilities is at the beginning of the
program. That was done to keep them as wall as the
program In the FLEX utility space and out of ttie way of
any program in user memory. Naturally the variables
would have to be moved to RAM, but where would be a good
place to put them and still not Interfere wltti the user
program space. Putting the user stack at the location
found In FLEX MEMENO wouldn't be a bad Idea, but I think
I had a better one. Why not put the variables on the
System Stack? In the case of this test routine, a
memory dump favorite of mine, there were only two
bytes. After a few Initial failures, and a consultation
wllh a friend, we decided that Ihe best procedure would
be to push a couple of bytes on the system stack at the
start of the program, and then point the User stack
pointer at them. Now any subroutines used by the
program would result In return addresses being pushed
on the stack after the variables. The User Stack
Pointer would remain pointing at the variable
regardless of the subroutine level, so all would work
properly. It does, and Ihe program listing Is given here
as modified for ROM operation.
The use of the User Stack pointer for the
variables allows Indexed addressing for access, which
reduces the byte count to the same as if direct page
addressing had been used, as I pointed out In last
month's column. This was position Independent code to
begin with, and the use of the stack for variables has
not changed that. In fact, I had one Prom and no eraser,
but my prom programming program fills all unused bytes
wltti SFF, so I moved the program up by $100 bytes and
burned It again. This time It ran,
This technique gives us the possibility of
utilities In ROM with no chance of Interference wllh a
user program. The only caution would be not to have so
many variables that the space allotted for the system
stack In FLEX would overflow. FLEX allows 128 bytes for
the stack, down from SC07F to SC000. In fact, this could
be overcome by saving the stack pointer at the
beginning of Ihe program and moving the stack to a
place where enough room Is available for all the
variables. In Ihls case. It would be easier to leave the
system stack alone and put Ihe User stack somewhere
else for the variables.
MORE SPELLING CHECKERS
I've Just received a copy of Dale Puckett T s
spelling check program, which is being distributed by
Frank Hogg Laboratories. My preliminary look resulted
In some communication with Oale, and an Improvement In
the operation of ttie software. Dale has Incorporated a
"smart dictionary", or rather a number of them. When
your text file Is read by Spell-Test, It Is tested
against a list of about 500 very common words, and these
are eliminated Immediately from the list of words found
In your file. Spell-Test gives you a report of how many
"common words" you have used, and how many remain at
that point unfound. You may then run the program with a
number of dictionaries, graded In order from the most
used words to the least, and after each you get a
report of the number of words still suspect of being
misspelled. Since I am Interested In finding all the
words I can, to make the suspect list smaller, and since
1 have an 8" disk system, I appended all the dictionaries
together, (which Dale suggests as a possibility), and ran
a text of about 1500 words through Spell-Test. It had
only 39 suspects In just over three minutes to read my
tile and compare It against a 22,000 word dictionary. I
found fhree obvious typos, and the remaining 36 words
were either proper names, or somewhat peculiar to my
writing vocabulary. Optimize end optimization were
among those.
The user has several options In viewing the
suspect words. They may be looked st Individually or
within the context of the text file, as the file Is
output to the screen stopping at each suspect. If you
correct a word, It Is put Into the proper place In Ihe
text, and output continues until another suspect Is
found. You, of course have the option to replace the
word or let It stand as It Is spelled In the original text.
Operation Is simple and completely prompted, so that
you would hardly need to bother reading the manual
except to get the Information about the various
dictionaries and Instructions on how to set up the
software for your terminal. The output Is somewhat
"screen oriented", and ft Is necessary for you to tell
Spell-Test what control characters your terminal
requires for cursor moves and screen erase.
Spell-Test Is available with or without Source Listing.
See Frank Hogg Laboratory Ad. In this Issue.
I have one minor bone to pick with Spell-Test. It
formats the text It reads f/x>m your file automatically.
That Is, It was prepared to work with text editors 1hat
don't keep carriage returns Internally In a paragraph of
text (such as Stylograph). My text Included the CR f s
since I had used another editor, and the text was neatly
formatted to less than 78 characters per line. The
auto formatting would Invariably force a new line just
before the last word In my original line. That results In
alternate long lines and one word lines, which, though no
problem In reading the text, just looks a little ragged.
The solution Is to fool Spell-Test by Increasing the
constant for the line length when using It for already
formatted text, and to decrease Thar constant when
using It with already formatted text. Unfortunately,
thai* means two versions of Spell-Test. Spell-Test Is
customized for your terminal by assembling and
appending a smalt file containing equates, to the main
body of SpelhTest. Perhaps 1 am the only 6609 user
alive who uses more than one editor, and no one else will
see this as a problem.
Aside from this slightly ragged appearance of
the text with a p re-formatted text file, operation was
flawless. The 22,000 word dictionary occupies over 700
sectors, and therefore cannot be appended Into one
large file If you have a 35 or 40 track single sided 5 W
disk system. I should mention that Spell-T est allows you
to add words to Ihe dictionary or create your own.
There Is even a special dictionary called "MYW0RDS"
that can be read each time. You may use It for such
things as your name, address, city, company name, and In
general any words that might appear frequently In your
texts that may be peculiar to you as an Individual. You
can list the suspect words (or for ttat matter the good
words) to your printer If you desire. This ts a good
soMd piece of software that will be around for a long
time.
16
-68 Micro Journal
EPSON MANUAL
A friend has bought an E PSON MX-80 printer, and
since I need some nice clean text for my book
manuscript, I've negotiated to use It for ttte book* The
manual Is wrlthen In what Art Weller calls the Dick and
Jane style. Maybe things have changed, but when I was In
First Grade, we had a Reader that went something like
"Dick. See Dick run. Jane, See Jane run. Run Jane, run."
etc. It is perhaps Just what Is called for by the average
new TRS-80 user. For 1he user who has had a printer or
two and Just wants to see what It can do, however, It Is
not so nice. I finally found the specifications on page
99. I wanted to know what character widths were
supported. That Item Isn't Included in the
specifications. By looking at the control codes In
Appendix 1, managed to find two codes "that were defined
as "sets the enlarged printing" and "sets the
condensed printing. Now I knew "that there were two
widths. That Is at least a start. By reading several
chapters of "the Dick and Jane style, I at last found out
that i could print 10 CP J and 16.5 CPI, rather
disappointing because I happen to use 12 CPI most of
the time with my Paper Tiger. However, the Epson
produces such nice crisp output "that the 16.5 is very
nice looking.
In general, I have the above criticism of manuals
written In simplistic style or otherwise. Yes, supplier of
hardware or software, do supply a readable manual.
Please, "though, somewhere "that (s easy to find, put ALL
1he data an experienced user will need. While you are at
It, make that page easy to find. I see nolhlng wrong with
a specification sheet at the beginning of a manual. If 1
buy anolher Pascat Compiler, (I already have used four
for "the 6809 and one for a Z-80 system), I really don't
need to read 100 pages of discussion of what has been
Implemented and how. Just give me a page indicating
what features of Standard Pascal have NOT been
Implemented, and another page or two "that describe any
EXTENSIONS "that have been included. If you like, call this
chapter "For Experienced Pascal Programmers ", and
put it at "the end of the manual If you like. Just let me
know 1hat It exists. The first chapter might start out
wlttt "This manual describes this 1m pie mentation of
Pascal in detail. For experienced programmers already
familiar with Standard (Jensen and Wlrth) Pascal,
Chapter 23 lists all "the deviations from "that standard.
Chapter 9 deals wWh "the use of "this compiler."
Now ! don't have to wade through 21 chapters of
Information I already know, just to find out what has
been left out, what has been added, and how to use the
compiler, tn the case of Epson, the character widths
should be Included on "the specification page, and (n the
control code descriptions. M Set Normal (10 CP 1> width"
and "Set Condensed (16.5 CPI)" would do nicely. While I
won r t name the Pascal wltn the manual on which the above
is based, I will say 1hat 1tie TSC Pascal manual Is very
well done for an experienced programmer.
The tabte of contents reads;
1. Introduction
2. How to compile and run Pascal programs
3. Standard features not supported by our Pascal
system
4. Non-standard features
5. Adapting to your system
6. Appendix
That Just about covers all 1he important things
a Pascal programmer needs. For those who are not
familiar with Pascal, TSC Includes a Jensen and Wlrth
Standard. Perhaps TSC has gone to the other extreme
of preparing a very useful manual for a Pascal
programmer and one that will be very difficult for an
Inexperienced programmer. I suspect that the
'68' Micro Journal
differences In styte of the Epson manual and the TSC
reflect the market for which their products are aimed.
Still, though, I would think a manual could be written that
would be useful to both novices and experienced users
of similar products.
See page 23 for program
68XX CONVENTION
First 68XX Convention
As I have rumored for the past year or so we are soon to
hold our first 68XX convention. The date has been set to
coincide with the Atlanta (Georgia* HAM-COMPUTERFEST,
which Is a two day event, June 12-13 1982.
For the past five years we have exhibited at this' show
and of all the shows we attend this Is the nest enjoyable
show of them all. For Instance there (s no hassle
getting set up and the show liaison Mr. Chaz Cone and
his excellent crew go out of their way to make both
exhibitors and visitors Meel at home'! We have
accomplished more missionary type get acquainted with
the 68XX and Standard S50 Bus work at this show than
about any other we attend, which Is about all.
Last year there were 5 Standard S50 Bus exhibitors at
the Atlanta show and this year we hope to have many
more, all located In one place and demonstrating the full
fine of 6800-6809 systems (and Just maybe a 68000) as
well as the RS Color Computer running FLEX with all Ifs
power. If you the readers and you the vendors make an
effort to attend, we can start what has been needed for
a tong time; a getting together of users (hobby and
business) with the manufacturers and many of those who
make and sell all those things we spend our money for.
The agenda has been set up as follows; the regular show
dates are June the 12 and 13th 1982 at the Downtown
Marriott Hotel In Atlanta. The actual show opens Friday
morning (12th) and closes about 2:00 p.m. Sunday (13th),
after the show closes, about 4:00 p.m. Sunday afternoon
we will have a targe (as necessary) hall reserved where we
will hold our first convention after a we eat (dutch). It
Is anticipated that a panel of speakers will be available
and also (t will give us an opportunity to meet many,
eyeball to eyebalt, whom we have all read about but never
had the chance to meet In person. It Is anticipated that
you will all get a chance to ask soma queslons and get
answers straight from the sources. This meeting can
last as long as necesssary and for this the first time
most all Is very flexible. Remember this Is Just for you,
sellers, buyers and most Important 68XX users. If this
works out, only you can determine that, then we will do It
every year. 1 will have more on this next month.
For you manufacturers and vendors please contact me for
booth prices and any other Information you might need* I
have been told by some of you that you plan to exhibit, I
need to have an Idea soon (within next 15-20 days) so I
can get all the booths together, this way wltl be much
better. If you have exhibited at Atlanta before or have
already made booth reservations please let me know about
this also, I will try to get us all In one area and tied
together with streamers or something. But most of all)
weed to tan* SQOW O.K.?
Also you can contact Chaz Cone directly by telephoning
404 238-4334, which Is his office number or his home
number Is 404 394-9638. Either way Js ok by me but I
would like to know who Is going to exhibit and who Is
not, many readers have asked me to let them know who will
be there. I feel very strong about this sort of get
together, we have needed It for too long. I believe that
this can 90 a long way In fostering and helping to cement
17
that spirit of fellowship that I ftnd among 68XX users.
The success of this Is up to all of you, I have done all I
can by myself.
OMW
COLOR User Notes
ROBERT L. WAY
4429 Plantation Lane
Norcross. GA 30071
Another month Is upon us. We have
several more Interesting subjects to broach,
so I et * s get st ar t ed.
First, /MOTHER different physical format
for the Column. Old Faithful finally let me
down; 1 lost the Power Transformer In the
Power Supply and haven't gotten. hold of
another one yet (no sign of heat damage,
etc., and my system has been running cooler
than average, so right now I think i t was
just one of those things). So, this month's
edition is being written on a full-blown, BO
x 24 screen, Word Processing System and being
printed with a Delsy Wheel (actually, to give
due credit, on a RS NOO II with Scrlpslt), so
maybe the reproduction wi II be easy to read.
FLEX 9.0 Is now available for the Color
Computer - see the discussion and details
after 1 clear up a few points about the
rvC6BB3 SAM chip that I discussed last month.
We 1 II get a first look at Radio Shacks' Disk
System for the Color Computer - a Double
Density 5 1/4 M System that is now working
pretty good. We take a Quick Look at a
POWERFUL Terminal Program from Nelson
Software (and Dan has promised The SUPER
"COLOR" WAITER In the next week or so -we'll
get a Quick Look at it next month,
hopefully). Finally, another FANTASTIC
Game - Compu t e rwa r e • s PAC ATTACK - It's
really SUPER. So, onward and upward -
IVC68 83 CLARIFICATION! I
Most of you, I'm sure, are familiar with
the weakest link in any Computer System; the
Man/Machine Interface. The most lucid
description of this problem is "Garbage IN,
Garbage OUT". Between the mess of moving and
trying to beat publishing deadlines, I MAY
not have been very clear about what the
6883's capabilities are, as Installed In the
Color Computer, and what is POSSIBLE with
some hardware mods, etc. Primarily, I'm
referring to the Screen Memory and Display.
The discussion of locating Screen Memory In
the $E000 and up area, and have BASIC
operating In Page and FLEX in Page 1,
wasn't too clear. This would be great, BUT
IS NOT POSSIBLE WITHOUT SOC HARWWRE MDDS.
If you think about It, the SAM only has
control of the two 32K Pages; therefore, It
can not possibly control the Display Memory
at $E0TJO~ because TT TP~hot in control of
THAT memory. How could you get around this
problem??? How about using the SAM in the
Type #1 Memory Map (64K RAM) and using the
3 2K from Exatron for the Page 2 memory. This
could be accomplished by borrowing an idea
18
from the Exatron Unit; use a Flip-Flop (for
Instance, a 74LS74) to control the Paging by
hooking the O output to one 32K bank of the
Memories Enable Line, and the NOT-O to the
other bank. Toggle this Flip-Flop through
one of the I/O Ports when switching between
BASIC and FLEX. NOW, we have a clean lower
RAM for "Standard" FLEX, and Display Memory
out of the way above $E0O0. Switch the
Screen back to $0400 when calling BASIC, and
It will be happy, also, with any Display
Screen that might have been used previously
still Intact.
The idea of having 9 6 K memory
OPERATIONAL In the Color Computer Is no
dream; it's EASY and WORKS. I have run my
System that way , with the 64K Mod from
Atomtronlcs discussed lest month and the
Exatron Expansion unit, which has It's own
3 2K with It 's own memory refresh system,
operating In the Ty pe # D Memory mode. The
use of the 96K Memory is NO problem; the
Wo 1 f bug Monitor works good, but still has a
few "bugs". The Page Controlling works Q<;
the problem shows up when anything is plugged
into the Cartridge Slot. The RESET function
does not correctly determine the amount of
memory installed In the Computer (It would
not locate 9 6K in any event, because if we
are using BASlCs' RESET routine, it Is going
to run Into it's own ROl at either $8000 or
$A000), but, with something In the Cart.
Slot, Wolf bug comes up with $0FFF as the "top
of memory" ( 4K ) wl th some of BASlCS's
pointers In "Never-never Land". This
severely restricts your capabilities with the
Computer, to say the least. The "bug is
being chased", as the saying goes, and should
be s olved shor t ly .
I have been running my Color Computer in
the Type #1 Mode with BASIC living I n RAM
quite a bit. This makes the Single Step
function in Data Soft's SICMX operational
for working through the BASIC ROW s (reviewed
In an earlier column; an Excellent Program).
We' II start reporting how various functions
work In future columns; I have a lot of data
to assimilate before I can present it In a
coherent manner. One tidbit 1*11 throw out
that I haven't seen mentioned before: the
reason the Tape System on the Color Computer
is so reliable is that the Information Is not
transmitted to the Tape as Square Waves
(which requires very high frequency response
capabilities to record properly), but as sort
of a distorted sine wave. This allows the
high transfer rates we are used too, while
still allowing the use of lower priced Tapes.
D"on r t get me wrong; you need a "Data" quality
Tape for reliable operation; just not an
expensive one. (This also means that an
Interrupt Driven Tape SAVE Is not feasible
without changing the Hardware.) As I hsve
stated before, the BASIC in the Color
Computer is an Excellent version of the
language, and makes good use of the 6809's
capabilities. Microsoft's experience shows
up more and more as we get deeper into this
syst am.
One other point 1 may have mentioned
before, but it won't hurt to repeat;. If you
have a Radio Shack CTR-80A Cass et t e Recorder,
you can adjust the "PI AY" head on the unit to
al low reading a Tape recorded on a Tape Unit
other than your own. The "RECXFD" heads may
not be aligned the same as yours, causing the
recording on the Tape to appear to be
W Micro Journal
slightly "tilted" In relation to your "READ"
head. This means that you don't get a good
copy, or strong signal, when you try to read
a Tapa, causing I/O Errors. Turning up the
volume works sometimes, but can also cause
distortion, and more Errors. The solution Is
to adjust the "READ" head to eliminate the
distortion. This Is accomplished by
inserting a SMALL screwdriver through the
tiny hole located on the top of the Cassette
Recorder above the PLAY button, near the
Cassette Lid. This hole Is about 5 /64 1 h inch
in diameter: I normally Input AUDIO ON:
MOTOR ON <ENTER> end edjust for the rrost
volume. Then you can rewind the Tape, and
get e good program LOAD. Oust remember, you
wi t I have to readjust the head to play your
own tapas.
FLEX 9.0 IS NOW AVAILABLE
for the Color Computer
As you are probably aware, if you have
been fol lowing this column, I have been
running Steve Odneals* FLEX Conversion on the
Color Computer for the last three months.
Steve has signed an agreement with
Computer Publishing Inc.
5900 Cassandra Sml th
PO Box 649
Hlxson, Tn. 37343
615 642-4600
CP I will be handling all sales and
advertising for this FLEX 9.0 Conversion, and
has the whoia system available either
separately or as a complete package. Pricing
Is as fol lows :
1. TSC's General FLEX 9.0 Package $150.00
2. Exatron Cxpansfon UnTY wTtTi Disk
Control ler $299.95
3. F-Mate (Conversion Package for the Color
Computer) (when purchased with the FLEX
System) $49.95
---(when purchased with out the FLEX
System) $59.95
4. "Screen Clean" kit - noise reducer for
the Exatron or Radio Shack Disk Systems
$19,95
5. Single-Sided 40 Track Disk System with
Case and Power Supply $329.95
6. Radio Shack Color Computer - 16K with
Extended BASIC $595.00
7. Other items available - see
advert i sement
Let's look at this package for a minute.
The General FLEX 9.0 Package (since the Color
Computer uses the 6809 Computer Chip, ALL
references to FLEX refer to the 6809 Version,
FLEX 9.0) includes an excellent set of
Manuels, the Core of FLEX (the actual
Operating System), and various Utilities to
allow setting the System up on various
Computers. It ALSO Includes the EDITOR
and a full MACRO ASSElvBLER, so you actually
get three full Programs at $50.00 a Program,
which Is an EXCELLENT price for programs of
this caliber. "F-Mate" Includes a 5 1/4",
Single Density disk, with the conversion
programs which can be read initially with the
Exatron Disk Controller and the Exatron DOS
and a set of conversion instructions. The
Disk Includes the Input/Output Routine
Programs (Disk, Keyboard, and Printer)
written for the Color Computer, and a Boot
Program which allows the finalized FLEX/SYS
to Boot Up with the Exatron Controller, and
than bring the rest of FLEX on board. A
special NEWDISK Program and PATCHES to
several of the normal FLEX Utilities, such as
ASN , SAVE. LOW, APPEND.CMD, ASMB.OO
(the Assembler), EDIT.OO (the Editor), and
COPY.CMD are also Included. PATCHES for
other Utilities and Programs are being
developed as time permits; I understand that
XBASIC is about ready, which will REALLY
expand tha programs avai labie to the Color
Computer User. (A note about FORMATTING
problems: If you hit a troublesome disk, try
using a Bulk Tepe Eraser to really CLEAN a
Disk that gives FORMATTING ERRORS; often you
can salvage one that you thought we s
physically damaged and unusable with this
technique. Usa It just like you were erasing
a Tape.)
KAtnU 5RTOT UT3K SYS ItM
I have been promising you a look at the
Radio Shack Disk System as soon as possible;
here it is* My first impression is: GOT).
The System works fine (now that the support
chip problem hes been solved); the DISK BASIC
is s t r a i g h t - f orwar d and fairly complete with
a few real "goodies" thrown in; and the
Manual that comes with the system Is
STUNNING, to say the least, after the
disappointments of the BASIC and EXTENDED
BASIC Manuels. This Manual gives you some
REAL information. Now that this System Is
becoming available, you will start seeing a
lot of QOOO Software showing up on the market
for the Color Computer. I know of several
programs that have been held up waiting for
the RS DOS, so that they could be made
compatible. And, the Programmers have a
system that Is going to be easy to work with,
both in BASIC and Machine Language.
DISK BASIC Commands Include:
DSKINI for formatting a blank Disk
BACKUP for duplicating the contents of
one Disk to another (which must have
been formatted first)
CDPY a f I le
KILL a f i le
R£NA*C I t
LOAD a BASIC Program (adding a ,R
after the "fl I e name" also RUNs it)
LOACKt for a Mach. Lang. Program
SAVE a BASIC Program, (add ,A to SAVE
It in ASCII)
SAVEM for Mach. Lang, or Binary files
VERIFY ON or VERIFY OFF
DIR displays the Directory
FREE returns the number of free granules
(discussed later) on the disk
DRIVE d (where d Is the Drive Number)
changes the default drive number to the
one you specify
RUN filename "Loads and Goes", while
adding a V R causes all open files to
remain open (interesting and highly
useful!!)
UNLOAD a drive number ~~ huh?? This
closes all open fi les on any one drive
'68' Micro Journal _
.19
to allow safe, easy disk changes - -
n ice! !
MERGE loads an ASCII file from disk and
merges it with the existing program In
memory; adding the ,R causes the
program to RUN when merged
FILES tells the Computer how many buffers
to reserve, and how big to make them.
DISK BASIC Functions include the normal
Buffer controls with:
OPEN"mode M , buffer #, filename, record
Jength which opens a buffer for
SequenTTal Input or OutpuT~or opens a
Direct (Random) access file for either.
Up to 13 Buffers can be used
simultaneously. You can
CLOSE any buffer,
WRITE or ---
PRINT data to it (and also use the RUNT
#buffer, USING format; data list PRINT
Instruct Ion) , and
PUT or
CIT a record number. You can
FIELD a direct access buffer,
LSET or
RSET the data into It,
INPUT or
LINE INPUT data from the buffer as a
variable, get the current record number
of any buffer with
L OC (buffer), or obtain the highest
numbered record of a specific buffer
wl th
LOF(buffar). Finally, you can convert a
number to a string with
M<N$ and vice versa with
CVH.
EOF returns a if there is more data in
the buffer, or a -1 if it is empty,
I've been saving the best for last.
Here are a couple I haven't run Into yet, end
they really look interesting. They are
ca I led
DSKiS and
DSKOS and provide DIRECT access to ANY
sector on the disk.
Their format looks like this;
DSKIS drive #, track, sector, string ver.l,
s tr Ing ver . 2
I.e.
D5KI$ 0, 12, 3, M$, N$
which gals the 236 bytes of track 12, sector
3, of drive 0, putting the first 128 bytes In
M$ and the second 128 bytes In N$.
DSO$ works thus:
DSKO$ drivel, track, sac, strlngl, strlng2
which, In real life, looks like this
D»40$ 0, 2, 1, "FIRST DATA", "SECOND DATA".
This deposits FIRST DATA'S 128 bytes and
SECOND DATA'S 128 bytes on track 2, sector 1,
of Drive 0.
For the Machine Language buffs, I'll
summarize the Technical Information - you can
obtain a the Disk System Manual for full
datal Is. The RSDOS uses the "granule"
concept for file allocation, and uses two
granules, of 9 sectors each, per track.
20
Track IT contains the Dl rec foTy , leaving tt
Tracks with 68 granules for data storage.
Each granule provides 2,304 bytes of data
storage. This is my one small complaint with
the system; 2K flies will mean a* lot of
wasted space (conversely, 68 files on a $
1/4" Disk ought to be enough - you would
almost need a sorted DIR display to find
anything). Since
the DOS lives completely In ROM, no Disk
Space is required for "System" utilization.
The first 32 bytes of each Track are
utilized for System Controls, the next 6,084
make up the Sectors, the reit, which Is
variable* contain $4E. Each Sector contains
338 bytes, organized as follows: 0*33 =
system controls, 36-311 = data, and 312-337 =
system controls. The system control bytes
are organized like so:
0-7 $00
8-10 $F5
11 $FE
12 Track Number
13 $00
14 Sector Number
13 $01
16-17 Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC)
18-39 $4E
40-31 $00
52-54 $F5
55 $FB
312-313 CRC
314-337 $4E
Track 17, Sector 2 contains the File
Allocation Table; Sectors 3-11 the Directory
Entries. Each Directory Entry is 32 bytes
long, consisting of:
0-7 Filename - If Byte Is 0, the
file has been deleted; if FF , this and
all following entries have not been
used,
8-10 Filename Extension
11 Fi le Type:
~ BASIC program
1 . BASIC data file
2 = Machine Language program
3 s Text Editor source file
12 ASCII flag:
= Binary
FF c ASCII
13 The first granule number of the
f i le (0-67)
14-15 The number of bytes In use In the
last sector of the file.
16-31 Reserved for future use.
The File Allocation Table uses the first
68 bytes (one for each of the 68 granules),
the rest of the sector contains zeroes. Each
byte corresponds to It's own granule, and
contains the following Information:
%FF This granule Is free
$00 -$4 3 This number, converted to
7Tec Fma lV~~po i nfV" T6*~ The ne"xT granule Tn
the file.
ICG-C9 This is the last granule In a
file. The value in bits 0-5 Indicates
how many sectors of this granule are
used in the file.
The Disk System Control Routine Is
called DSKCON . It's entry address It
stored at $C004-C005 and Is called as a
Subroutine ( 3 SR CSC004)). DSKCON's
parameters are stored In a table pointed too
by location $C006-C007. The Table is
organized thusly:
'SB* Micro Journal
OOOPC R^B
OCDRV RNB
DCTR< R^
DSEC RNB
DCBPT RNB
DCSTA F^wB
These parameters
FMS . The Status
status cod e 8
- Oper at ion Code
- Dr i ve Number
- Track Number
- Sector Number
- Buffer Pointer
- Status
are used just I ike the FLEX
byte is probably the W01793
8 i nee the Controller uses this
chip. Storing a
Drive Motor off after
$FF40
BCC688 .
w] I ] t urn the
Generally, this appears to be a good
DOS, that provides the basic capabilities,
while also providing some new commands that
greatly improves It's power. It is a Tl lower
level" DOS, which 1 personally applaud,
because you are not strapped to a system that
does not allow easy expansion. For example,
If you co if Id only work with "words" in a
programming language, you would lose all the
power of "bit" and "byte" manipulations.
This DOS allows you to work at the "bit"
level, yielding maximum flexibility. After
the disappointments of some of the initial
games and utilities that came out of Fort
Worth, it is heartening to see a we II
structured program, with features like the
DSKCON Routine, in a Program from them (like
someone Is learning to program this chip out
there). Finally, I get the strong impression
that whoever wrote the Disk System Manual
actually knows what he is doing - the
Technical Information is presented in a
clear, concise manner so that you don't have
to read between the lines to get good, solid
information. The rest of the Manual follows
their example of "leading* 1 a new user through
the use of the system, and again, should
provide no problems for those users. All in
ali, I'm impressed and happy to see some
solid Information beginning to
appear from one of the largest Computer
Manufactures in the World.
QUICK LQCKt
Nelson Software Systems
_P.O. Box_ 19096
Minneapolis, V\n. 'SSii*
SUPER "GOLTR" TERMINAL
Tape - $24.95
ROVPAK - $34.95
Disk - $44.95
Wei I , I have the first item from Nelson
Software Systems to report on. Many of you
will remember that we were expecting to
review their SUPER •COLOR'* WRITER a few
months ago, but still haven't received i t«
Dan Nelson sent a note with this Program, the
SUPER "COLOR* TERMINAL, stating that, the
Word Processor would be out shortly; so those
of you that have ordered it, hang in there a
little longer. I think It will be worth the
wait- In fairness to Dan, the hold-up hasn't
been all his fault. Any serious Software
written specifically for theColor Computer
must be compatible with the Radio Shack Color
Computer Diek System, and that has caused him
to hold up finalizing SUPER "COLOl" WRITER
until he could be certain that It WAS
compatible. Now that the Disk System ie
beginning to become available, he should have
that Program out shortly. I know that he had
a couple of the original units that he was
having trouble keeping running (Radio Shack
now has that problem licked).
The SUPER "COLOR" TERMINAL is a full
smart terminal program that allows the user
to communicate with almost any host Computer
Sys tern that has RS-232 c e p ab i I i t i es . We
received Version 1.0 on Tape. (If you are
running a 4K Color Computer, be sure to
obtain the ROM version, because the Tape
Program does not leave enough memory for an
"input buffer" to accept incoming
information.) It contains the following
bas i c f unc t i ons t
Ful I UPPER CASE, LOWER CASE, and CXJNTROL
CODE capabilities wi t h ESCAPE and LINE
BREAK.
The capability to set the RS-232 PAR^tTERS
from the Keyboard to allow communication
with almost any protocol.
Allows Hardcopy Printing of received
information directly if a Printer hookup
i 8 av ai 1 ab I e.
Provides for the storage of received
information on Tape or Disk (with the
Disk System).
Receive and/or Send BASIC, Mech , Lang., or
ASCI 1 f i les.
Create files (Tape with the Tape Program or
Disk with the Disk Program) that are
compatible with the SUPER "COLOR"
flR ITER Word Processor.
SUPER "COLOR" TERMINAL is a "Menu
Driven" Program; i.e., it come 8 up in a
Master Menu, from which you can go to the
COfcMUNtCAlTONS mo d'e~ ~~CWT H AHAML I LKb mo^e ,
CREATE BUFFER mode, TAPE TO BUFFER mode,
BUFFER TO TAPE mode, DISPLAY BUFFER mode, or
LPR I NT BUFFER mode (if you have the
capability to drive a printer OThCR THAN the
norma) RS-232 I/O connection on the Color
Computer, which is being used for the
Communications with the other Computer
Sys tern) .
The COfvtvlUNICATiaNS mode provides a full
set of CONTROL KEYS thru the use of the
<CLEAR> key in a "two-key" mode; i.e.., push
<CLEAR> and then <C> for "CONTROL C". 32
CONTROL KEYS are provided through the use of
A-2 and the ARROW Keys and < SH IFT><aXAR>
(<CLEAR>-<SHIFTXCLEAR> provides CCNTRDL 28).
The top line on the Display Screen is
normal ly used as a "status line" in many of
the modes, along with the Cursor Color. For
example, a Blue Cursor indicates you are
sending a CONTROL CQOE. An "©" symbol in the
top left corner of the screen means that the
BUFFER is closed; when the indicator turns
orange, the BUFFER is open for Input or
output. COMPUSERVE users should send a
CONTROL C for CompuServe Information Service.
SUPER "COLOR" TERMINAL appears to
provide a Complete Communications Package,
end I think you will find it to be a very
popular package. It is an Interrupt Driven
Program that has many powerful features.
Those of you who have been following this
Column are aware of my "preaching" the
provision of CONTROL CODES for the Color
Computer; this one provides them. You get
your f 1 r 8 t hint of the Interrupt Driven
capabilities when you load the Tape the first
time - a very colorful Logo comes on the
Display Screen WHILE the Tape is LOADING.
The Program's power derives from the use of a
'66' Micro JoumaL
21
software UAR T style of c orrmun i ca t \ ons , and
basically only utilizes ASCII Code for all
communications. This makes it extremely
portable; it has been used for conmun i ca t i on
with many of the major Computer Systems in
operation today (and generally, by the
Manufactures of those systems), with no
problems. Set the Baud Rate at 4600 and
d J rec t - co nnec t to a Radio Shack M30EL II or
111 and it purrs like a kitten, for example.
As I said before, I think you will find
SUPER "COLOR" TERMINAL to be a POWERFUL
Program that wi II find major usage as the
i ndus try grow a.
start of the program pointer and doing a
CLOAD. The Color Computer does not lose its
place when this is done like the Mod one will.
To get the sum total of the programs you must
still poke the start pointer into MEM man-
ually. A suggestion that will make things
easier would be to poke 25 with a 6* and 26
with a Oithis will load the program 0600H and
in effect give you K3K more mem space. A
warning with this program is to make sure
there are no line number conflicts and be
careful of RESTORE and DATA state mentsi
COLCR PAC ATTACK
Compu t erware
1472 Incinitas Blvd - Box 668
Encini tas, Ca 1 i f . 92024
Tape - $241,95
Disk - $29.95
Requires 16K Memory
Computerware advertises COLOR PAK
ATTACK as "an incredibly challenging version
of the popular arcade game. Great graphics,
sound, and action for hours of FUN!!". All I
can add i a "AMEN" M If you are a Pac Man
"freak", DO NOT begin this game if you
don't have several hours to spend - for
instance, if you want to watch the football
game tomorrow, LOCK PAK ATTACK IN THE
LARGE5T SAFE YOU CAN FIND PND TbROW AWAY THE
KEY. Take a weeks vacation, AND THEN, AMD
ONLY THEN, get it out and "load it up". CK,
I've warned you • don't blame me for the bent
Control Stick and blisters.
You may have guessed that I think this
CHALLENGING - and doesn't get "old" after you
have played it a while. We are approaching
the 10,000 point mark in the "HARD" mode (you
chose EA5Y, HARD, or TUFF starting each
game), but r in self defense, we have only had
the game a couple days, and therefore have
only played it a couple thousand times; I
expect to do better once I develop a "feel"
for the game and get it broken in, (Oh yes;
you had better pick up a few spare
Controllers for the Computer first chance you
get - they can't be Indestructible ----- !
don't think??)
What more can I say --
YE5TERDAYI 1 I
get one
COLOR INFO
"Color Merge", by Sid Kahn appears courtesy of
the Cincinatti TRS-80 Users Group NL, and is
reprinted from the Marin County TRS-80 User
Group NL,11/81.
The following program is a merge program for
the color computer* It works by peeking the end
of a program pointer and then poking it in the
io cls:print m memory available:"mem
'COLOR MERGE
20 A1=PEEK(25)SA2=PEEK<26)SA3=A1*256+A2
22B1=PEEK(27):B2=PEEK(28)SB3=B1*256+B2
24 PRINT rPRINT"ST ART OF PROGRAM J" A3"
U HEX$<A3)
26 PRINT"END OF PROGRAM :"B3"
"HEX$(B3)
28 PRINTtFRINT'TYPE following after
loading pro
grams:"
2? print" poke 25,"al"jpoke 26 p "a2
30 PRINT5PRINT U TYPE 'CLOAD' to load
PROGRAM AND
TYPE 'END* TO
32 INPUT I*
34 IF I*="CLOAD" THEN 40
36 END
40 IF B2<2 THEN 50
42 POKE 25.B15POKE 26,B2-2JCLOAD
50 POKE 25.B1-1JPOKE 26,B2+2545CLOAD
"ROMPACK READING", by Sid Kahn appears
courtesy of the CINTUG NL 11/81 and re-
printed from the MCTUG NL, 11/81.
To COPY ROM-PACKS to cassette you have
to disconnect pin 40 on the cartridge connector.
Some have done it with scotch tape and some
with a SPST switch. Now all you have to do is
type 'POKE &HFF23.36' to gain control of the
ROM-PAK. To go back to NORMAL (READ the
ROM-PAK) type 'POKE &HFF23,37'.This will
save the cost of a "ROM BACK-UP Adapter or
similar devices from Exatron (in a year's time
BIGBYTE and others like it must have saved
me HUNDREDS of dollars). However, be warned
that if you insert and remove the ROM-PAK
with the POWER ON, you RUN the RISK of
BLOWING out the ROM inside. I have des-
troyed my VIDEOTEX pack in just this manner.
It would be best to do it with the POWER OFF.
The Radio Shack PAKS have the 5 volt lead cut
shorter than the TRACES on the edge con-
nector, other PACKS may or may not have this
precaution.
Russell Gore. . .
s
t
1 M#rlOJl f POSITION INKfUOOl OUT* PROGRAK HttlFIEJ
98
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0064 I06C 0000
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IEAY 0QEST1 SEl 2tRC FlA6<
This issue 1
has another first, a complete catalog from
n
93
?4
95
16
0066 24
0066 60
066C2Q
04
15
94
SHE
6SR
WA
EH6ST6
LFCR
STAiTO
«01 EHB OF • PAGE
YES, SET SET TO PREHf AMOTHER PAfiE
GrMIX. When contacted by Mr, Richard Don of GiMlX tie
Indicated that of all their advertising outlets, 68 Micro
Journal gets the "Job done"! It Is because you the
OOAEIO
II
ER9STI
IS6
LFCR
EO OF 6 LINE
readers
trvst the advertising In 458 Micro Journal, which
97
0070 20
CI
HA
OUTADR
STMT 44N)T<R l[HE
makes us
all feel good.
68' Micro Journal
s
Over the past tour years we have watched GIM1X grow
Into a major manufacturer of Standard S50 8us
computers; from replacement type boards to 'state of
the art' complete heavy duty 66XX computers and disk
systems. A close review of the catalog In the front of
this Issue Is a prime example of what close quality
control and dedication to customer input can
accomplish. From this seat, as publisher of 68 Micro
Journal, \ am proud of the advances that have occured
over the past 4 or 5 years In the 68XX community. G1M1X
has been a factor in this accomplishment; the next five
should be even better. Good Luck GtMIX!
P.S, Please note that this Is GIMIX's COWLETE
catalog, so you don't have to write for one - MERE IT IS
on pagB 3.
OMW
A NEW C
COMPILER
Our C compiler is finally ready to
ship! Since we didn't know how long it
would take, ve waited until we had a
deliverable product before we started
our ad campaign. The frustration of
having a product ready to ship for two
months before anyone knows about it is
easier to take than having orders that
can f t be filled (or worse, shipping a
product that isn't ready).
One of the things we spent a great
deal of time on was the user's guide.
Our goal was a guide that was logically
arranged, complete but short and easy to
use, and correct. My personal pet peeve
is an example given in a manual which
has never been tested, so I spent the
time necessary to actually type in each
and every example in the "How to Use"
section to verify that the example was
correct, and that the explanation
matched what the program did.
You will note from the ad elsewhere
in this issue that our compiler is low
in price. We were not interested in
trying to get rich from this one effort.
We are all gainfully employed and making
good livings elsewhere. ' Our pricing
goal was to generate just enough income
to keep the project interesting while we
work on versions 2 and 3.
The project is far from over. This
is still a 'toy 1 C, with a lot of
garbage left over from the 8080 program
it came from. One of the things we
added to overcome some of this was a
separate optimizer program. In version
2, most of the 8080-seyle code will be
gone, .eliminating the need for separate
optimization.
One item we plan to keen, and
improve on, is the relocating linking
loader. Version 1 uses RLOAD to achieve
relocation of modules. We decided that
a special version of RLOAD which we had
planned was not necessary, so that
anyone who has a working copy of RLOAD,
whether purchased from word 1 a Worth, the
'68' library, or from some other source
may deduct $5 from the price of the
FLEX9 release of the compiler. In the
future, we would like to provide an
assembler written in C. along with a
true linking loader, also written in C,
so that we can remove the problems
associated with maintaining different
releases of the compiler with different
capabilities .
In order
should have
More allows
programs (mo
RLOAD removes
modules in
Unfortunately
don't have t
an absolute
them.
to use th
at least
compilat
re symbol
the need
the
, some of
he relocat
version
is compiler, you
48K of memory.
ion of larger
table space), but
for writing large
FLEX9 release.
the SSB users
ing assembler, so
is supplied for
Three steps (plus one optional
step) are required for the use of the
relocating compiler: 1) Compilation; la)
Optional optimization; 2) Assembly; and
3) Loading. This may seem bothersome to
the BASIC programmer who is accustomed
to interactive write-and-go code, but it
is an inherent feature of compiled
languages. In return for these
time-consuming steps. you get the
ability to generate code which is tight,
fast, and in small, reusable modules.
With good style, C programs also tend to
be much more readable and maintainable
than BASIC. Obviously, I have an axe to
grind here, so I won't push the point
any further.
Also included with the compiler is
the source to the run-time package, a
simple benchmark program called PRIMES.
and a C compiler test program called
TESTC, which is designed to catch
compiler bugs. I hope to see TESTC run
against some of the competition's
compilers. The other C source routines
furnish useful examples of working C
code, although they may not be terribly
elegant .
Our goal is to produce a compiler
which is complete enough to handle the
programs available through the
public-domain C library. We hope to
reach this goal by early next year. The
three versions we plan are our
guideline. There may actually be more
than three versions. We plan to take
enough time to be reasonably sure that
each version works properly before we
release it, even if that means slipping
our schedule. We plan to keep our
prices as low as is consistent with
producing a quality product, and we plan
a liberal upgrade policy which will
allow a customer to keep current with
the latest revision at a reasonable
cost .
We also will be working on
applications programs written in C.
along with the possible eatabliahment or
a C library. More on thia in a later
editorial.
Please address questions, comments,
and orders to: Word's Wortn, PO Box
28954, Dallas, Texaa 75228.
24
_ W Micro Journal
C" User Notes
Norm Cobitid
3 Pryor Road
Natlck, MA 0)760
This month we will look at how data and variables are
represented In a C program, the different ways that
variables are stored, the scope of variables and a few
other topics,
DECLARATIONS
be shorter than a long Integer, If that statement
stymies you, don f t feel alone. The short Integer is very
dependant on the particular compiler that you are using.
These "adjectives" may be combined, which leads to some
of the following declarations,
short Int varl, var2;
long Int varl, var2;
long varl, var2;
unsigned long varl, var2;
Dugger and Inter soft do not presently support short,
long or unsigned Integers,
Most of you already have some concept of data typing.
After all, even some Basics allows you to "type" a variable
with the addition of the »$" and "*» modifiers. These
tell the Interpreter or compiler whether or not a
variable Is a floating point number, a character or
string, or an Integer, C merely goes one step further
by requiring that you list the type of each variable In
something called a DECLARATION before you use It. The
declaration consists of the type name and a list of
variable of that type. Some examples are:
char tetter, Inchar, outchar;
Int number, size range;
Int size, /* shoe size V
width, /» shoe width V
eyelets; /• number of e/elets per stde V
The format of a declaration Is rather loose as the
examples show. A declaration Is legal as long as the type
name comes first followed by one or more variable names,
separated by commas, and terminated with a semicolon.
It Is not necessary to list all the variable of the same
type In the same list. If the program Is made more
readable by making a seperate declaration for every
variable, then do It.
Complex data types and certain functions must also be
declared, but those will be covered as the need arises.
NAMES
A name In C can be any collection of letters, digits,
or the underscore, " "• The only restriction Is that the
name must start wlffi a letter. The maximum size of the
name and the number of characters that are actually
significant depends on both the compiler and the
assembler, Most compilers will let you make a name as big
as you want. They Just Ignore all characters beyond the
last significant one. In the case of DUGGER's C, eight
characters are significant to the compiler, but only six
are kept If the name Is used for a function, or a
variable that will be referenced by the assembler. Most
compilers distinguish between upper and lower case. The
convention In C has been to use upper case for symbolic
constants and lower case for everything else.
INVEGERS
The Integer Is the fundamental C data type. The size
of the Integer Is the "natural" size of the target
machine. For 6809 users that means 16 bits. The
Integer Is a signed quantHy with a value ranging from
+32767 to -32768. The Integer data types are declared
as:
Int namel, name2;
The Integer can be further modified with the
adjectives "short", "long" end "unsigned". The long
Integer Is typically twice the width of an Integer. An
unsigned Integer can assume only positive values ranging
from to 65535. A short Integer Is only guaranteed to
68' MtefO Journal
CHARACTERS
The character Is defined as being one byte or big
enough to hold one (In our case ASCII) character. The
full eight bits are available so that you can use the char
for any eight bit quantity. Character data types are
declared as:
char namel, name2;
Character data types are sometimes expanded or
"promoted" Into Integers, as when thay are used In an
expression with Integers. They are usually passed to
functions as Integers. The C standard defines that no
character In the local character set (again, ASCII for
us) will ever by negative, however arbitrary bit patterns
could be sign extended or left unsigned. The choice Is
either up to the Implamentor or dictated by the machine
architecture. Both Dugger and Intersoft clear the
upper byte when promoting a char to an Int.
FLOATS and DOUBLES
Float Is short for floating point, which In C Is
represented as a 32 bit number for most machines. A
double Is a 64 bit floating point number. The value of a
float or a double can range between (10exp+38> to ClOexp-
38). According to the C standard, all floats are
promoted to doubles before being used In a calculation.
Floats and doubles are declared as:
float namel;
double namel;
Neither Dugger or Intersoft presently support floats
or doubles, although Dugger claims that release two will
support them.
ARRAYS
An array In C Is the collection of a data type where
any given member of the collection can be accessed via an
offset from the first member. Arrays are statically
declared In C* That means that their size Is fixed by
the source code and cannot be altered at run time. All
arrays In C have zero as their first Indlce, therefore
the declaration for en array of fifty Integers would be:
Int arg[49l;
A statement like this would create 100 bytes of storage;
however the storage would not be Initialized
automatically* It would contain garbage until Initialized
by you In some segment of code.
The Indlce of an array Is always scaled by the size of
the data contained In the array. This Is done by the
compiler.
Arrays cannot be passed to a function as a whole like
_ 25
U stgEi] ?r NULL)
they can be In Pascal. What gets passed Is either the
value or the address of a particular member. Passing
the array name to a function defaults to the address of
the first member of the array. Here are some examples
of how an array and Its members are accessed:
Int nmbl 15); /* the array declaration */
func(nmb); /* address of first Int V
func(nmblOI); /* value of first Int V
func(&nmb(1]); /* address of the "1th" Int V
When the array Is a formal parameter declaration for
a function the size of the array needn't be specified.
Assume that we want to write a function to skip over any
leading nonprlntable characters In a line of text*
Further, we want to put this function In a library. A
character string, which Is realty an array, always ends In
a NULL so we don't need to know the maximum length. We
Just go until we find a nonprlntable or the NULL. Here's
what the function could look like.
sfcip»nhite(5tg1
char 5tgU;
(
int i;
i «0j
while (stgCi] <=
m;
return (IfStaU]) ;
}
There are a couj. e of things to note here. The first
Is declaration "char stgl);". This Just told the
compiler that the function would be working with an
array. The second Is to realize that the Indlce Is
merely added to the base pointer which Is considered to
be the address of element zero. We could have actually
passed the function the address to some middle
character of a string. The function doesn't know and
doesn't care. What you pass It Is considered as the
base address.
Arrays may be multl-dlmenslonal- The declaration of a
two dimensional array of Integers might be:
Int numbers I 31 [30 1;
Access to an Individual element would looks something
like:
numberllllj)
This somewhat pecular format Is used because C would
consider number to be a one dimensional array where
each element Is Itself an array. The ordering, or
slgnlflgance, of the Indices goes from right to left.
When declaring a multl-dlmenslonal array as the formal
parameter to a function, the highest order, or leftmost,
Indlce may be left emply but the lower order Indices MUST
be declared with the correct size. This allows the
compiler to calculate the offsets correctly when you vary
an Indlce other than the rightmost one. For example:
functlon(arg)
Int argM [ 10)1 20);
The above declaration Is a good example of scaling.
The rightmost Indlce Is scaled by two to account for the
Integer data 'hype. The middle Indlce is scaled by 40 and
the leftmost Indlce Is scaled by 400.
POIOTERS
If you like pointers In Pascal, then you'll love them In
C. For the uninitiated, a pointer Is reaNy the address
of some object; that Is It "points 11 to the object, hence
the name. In C they are declared as:
1ype *name;
Here a few examples:
Int *arg1nt;
char *argchar;
float *argffc>at;
/* a pointer to an Int */
/* a pointer to a char */
/* a pointer to a float */
The leading asterisk Implies Indirection or pointing.
Be aware that data "types may vary In size, but a pointer
always has the same size, In our case It Is 16 bits, the
address width of the 6B09- Pointers In C can point to
anything, Including other pointer, arrays, function etc.
Let's assume that we want to write a device handler for
an AC1A In C. The function could look something like
this.
ttyinO
<
char Istatu&p tdata;
status * 0xE004;
data = OxEOOj;
nhile (tstatus t 0x01 « 0) ;
return (tdata);
>
Here the status and data registers are declared as
pointers to fi bit objects or char's. The pointers are
set to the appropriate addresses. The receiver status
bit, here assumed as bit #0, Is polled until It becomes
one, then the data Is returned to the caller. The
"0xE004" Is the notation for a hexldeclmal number. The
semicolon following the while conditional was necessary to
prevent the compiler from using the next statement as
the body of the while. What we have made Is a polling
loop out of the while conditional itself.
Pointers can be manipulated arithmetically. They may
be Incremented or decremented. They may have variables,
expressions or constants added to and subtracted from
them. Pointers cannot be used with multiplication or
division type operations. As with arrays, the compiler
will scale arithmetic operations on pointers to account
for the data "type that Is being pointed to. Consider an
Integer pointer "number" used In the following
statements:
number**;
number - number + I;
The first statment adds two to number. That Is fairly
Intuitive. The second statement scales "I" by 1wo also.
This may not have been so obvious.
Pointers may be used In comparison, but with
caution. They may be compared against other pointers
freely and against NULL. Beyond that consult the manual
for your particular compiler. You may get some funny
results.
Let's rewrite the function sk1p_wh1te() using a
26.
_ 68 Micro .Journal
M *stg !* HULL)
skip_*hite(5tg)
char tstgj
{
nhile Ustg <=
return(stg)}
>
Using the pointer results In code that Is much more
efficient and faster. There Is no need to keep an
Indlce around. There Is also the benefit of not having
to calculate the element address for each of the
compares. Still, there will t>e times when an array Is the
best way to go. At least In C the choice Is yours.
prior to returning from the function. The scope ts the
length of the function In which It Is declared.
function!
tnt r»ua;
nun - Z2\
function20
{
int nu§;
CONSTANTS
Like frost other languages, C allows you to have literal
and symbolic constants. They may be numbers,
characters or strings, as shown below:
decidual number — 1234
octal number (leading 0) — 01254
hex number (leading Ox) — 0x1234
character literal — 'a 1
string — "this Is a string 11 .
Symbolic constant are set up with the "Ideflne 11
construct:
/define symbol constant
or
*def Ine ESC OxlB /* define Escape */
Symbolic definitions are usually done at the front of the
program. Note the convention of using upper case for
the symbol name* Commonly used definitions are often
kept tn a file that Is brought In by the compiler via the
u i Include" construct. These file are usually referred to
as header files.
Constants, whether literal or symbolic may assigned
to variables and used In comparisons. Special mentions
should be made of the string literal. What Is actually
taken Is the storage address of the first character.
Hence, a declaration and assignment like;
char *p;
p = "this Is a string";
actually sets p to the address of the first character of
the string.
In general, a constant can be used any where a
variable or expression could be; Including the string
where again the address Is used. Note however that
string cannot be used dlrectiy In a conditional unless
you really mean to compare the addresses.
n«i = -762;
}
Both functlonK) and funct1on20 have an Integer variable
called ,r num". In each case It Is unique and exist only
while the program Is executing the function In which It
was declared.
STATIC variables are allocated permanent storage.
Their scope, tike t*iat of automatic variables, Is limited
to the function In which they are declared. Statics give
you a way of leaving a variable around after the function
Is left. It will contain the same value when the function
Is entered again. Let's a write a simple function to
keep a count of the number of characters and lines that
have been sent to the terminal. We will assume that this
function Is called by the terminal handler.
prettv_term(c)
char c;
static Int total chars * 0;
static Int total! Ines = 0;
pretty_teri(c)
char e;
(
static int total^chars - 0:
static int toUMines = 0;
if (c != C«)
(
send(c);
if (♦♦total_chars == BO)
/
i
sentHCJO?
totai_chars = 0;
total lines**?
)
else return;
}
STORAGE CLASSES and SCOPE OF VARIABLES
The C language lets you specify how the variable will
be stored. The three basic storage classes are
automatic, static and register. There Is also the
extern, or global, which Is a special form of static. The
scope of a variable Is that portion of a program over
which the variables exists, which depends on the storage
class.
AUTOMATIC variables are those that are declared
Inside a given function. Space for them Is allocated on
the stack when the function Is entered and removed just
if (totaljines « *0>
{
«hije (total_Hnes++ < 66)
sendCCR);
total lines - 0;
)
}
REGISTER variables are held In a register of the
machine. There are times when It Is advantageous to do
this, such as when a variable will be used often In the
function. A register variable can save code and
'68' Micro JoumaL
_27
Increase execution speed. A good example would be a
loop counter or maybe a string pointer. Register
variables are declared as:
for ei = 0; i < 5; *♦♦>
if ftatchtstg, nuiberHHiJI
rpturnfrtUiber[2JCi]);
functioMstg)
renter char Istq;
<
whilt (Istq !« NULL)
toupperft(stq^));
The usage of register variables Ts limited to the
formal parameters and the automatic variables of
functions. Hence their scope Is the function In which
they are declared. If you accldently name too many
register variable in a function, the compiler will change
the excess declarations Into automatics. Neither
Dugger of Intersoft support register variables. The
6809 really doesn't have the spare registers anyway,
although Tt could probably handle one.
EXTERN, or external, variables ere the C language
globals. They are allocated permanent storage like the
static but they must be declared outside of any
function. Their scope Is defined as being from the
point In the source file where they are declared to the
end of the file. An extern existing In the source file
would be declared as:
char bufferteOI;
On the other hand. If the variable was really declared in
an other file but also needed to be used here also, then
It would be declared as:
extern char buffer!!;
More technically, the first form Is a definition In
that It causes storage to be allocated for the variable.
The second form declares to the compiler the
characteristic of the variable, in this case an array of
characters whose size Is unknown. This Is again an
area that Is dependant on the particular compiler.
Both Intersoft and Dugger allow externs, but not real
statics. Note that Dugger claims to have statics, but
really means externs or globals.
rtturn(0h it failed ~ no tatch 1/
}
The first thing to note Is how the array was Initialized.
There were two lists each containing five names. This Is
consistent with how C looks at an array. However, each
list of names was enclosed In brackets which were In
turn separated with a comma. The second thing to note
Is that the array Is really an array of pointers to the
strings.
1 don't want to spend too much time on Initializers.
Dugger and Intersoft do not support them. Besides, If
you really need sophisticated Intlallzers, then you shoud
be reading the C manual.
There Is one more data type that we haven't covered
and that Is the "struct" or structure. It is analogous
to Pascals record. It will be covered towards the end of
the series.
I was reading the January Issue of BYTE where I
notice an ad for another Flex, 6809 C compiler. It Is
offered by the Introl Corp. of Milwaukee, Wisconsin. It
Is In the S300 price class and comes with Its own
assembler, tinker and library manager on 8 1 * disk. I called
them and had an interesting talk. They claim that the
only parts of the language not supported are long,
floats, doubles and bit fields.
I would also tike to apologize for constantly pointing
out whet Dugger and Intersoft do not support. It Is not
meant to disparage their products. It only done because
the tutorial should be true to the C standard, not to a
particular product. Both Dugger and Intersoft offer a
reasonable compiler if you do not need the complete
language. And they are both ptannlng upgrades.
Next time we will cover C r s set of operators. At
that point you should have a good enough understanding
of the language to try some programming.
Bit-Mapped Grap Hicr«
INlflTALlZERS
One of the nicer features of C Is INITIALIZERS. They
allow you to give statics and externs an Initial value as
part of their declaration. Note that automatic and
register variables may not be Intlallzed.
Two simple examples of Initializers were given In
prett^_term(). Here two static Integers were cleared to
zero. The Initialization was done only once, upon
program entry. The function then changed them In
whatever fashion It needed to.
Even arrays can be Intlallzed, If they are static
arrays. Let's write a function that translates the
first five digit names from Spanish to English. Vfe will do
It with a two dimensional array.
translat*(§tg)
char Istq; It pointtr to tht Spanish %f
(
int i;
static char nuabtr[2H5) *
CUno', '0os\ "Tret', •Cuatro 1 , •Since') r
COne', "Tto 1 , "Thrtt 1 , 'Four', •Five 1 )*
28
by Dr* Samuel It Green
13052 Ferntrails Lane
Creve Coeur, MO 63141
5 January 1982
I a* extremely indebted to '68' Micro Journal and
Mr, Thaws H. Hunt for his articles on memory-tapped
video boards. I Nave had an F I D video board for
several years, and I gave up on trying to get rid of
the streaking and flicker. I had it working streak
free once by accessing memory on Phase 1 for video
display, but it wanted to run at a str^ge clock
freguwcy and see med touc*^. The first article by Hr.
Hunt eliminated white on black streaking. I was
thrilled,
I was even more thrilled with his second article
which converted the F I D video memory to bit-napped
graphics* I have done the full conversion and it works
great. I had been planning to do a similar conversion,
and I'm sure Hr. Hunt saved me six month's labor and
'68" Micro Journal
frustration* Thank you and thank you again.
There is a fix for the close spacing of
characters which resulted fro* putting a 7 x 9
character in a 8 x 12 cell. IC 36 is a 74163 which
divides the dot clock by 8 to get the character clock.
I reconfigured the circuit to divide by 10 by
slugging pins 12 and 13 of IC 36 and connecting pin
II to pin 12 at the socket* This results in a 10 dot
wide cell in which the 7 dot wide characters look very
good. Two other changes are then required. The
crystal Must be cftanged fro* 12.44 HKi to 13,5 MHz or
thereabouts (for 64 characters per line), and the
graphics EPROM has to be changed to get equal spacing
between graphic elements, Each byte in the graphics
EPROrl whose second hex character is '£' is changed to
end in '7'. That is each *0E becomes $07 and each fEE
becomes IE7.
I will correct soMe errors which were found in
the articles, Then I will describe a simple change to
the driver which Makes it More useful and discuss what
I've done lately,
In figure 2 of the first article (page 30 of
October 81 issue)* which describes Modifications to the
FID board to Minimize access flicker, IC 35 (a 7420)
is Mislabeled as IC 20, Also pins 1 and 2 of IC 27 (a
7404) are interchanged,
convenient to be able to start a figure with the LDE
routine instead of the PIXEL routine without drawing
anything on the way there. The changes include one Wft
1 called STATUS preceding NODE and the addition of five
lines of code in the block called i CHANGE PIXEL IN
REFKESH HIHORY starting at i745C.
0026 STATUS RHB 1
0027 NODE WC 1
* Change pixel
in refresh
Menory
745C DE 0D
LDX
TEtfSl
745E D6 27
LDAB
hOOE
7460 2A 0B
GPL
SET
Positive?
7462 7F 00 26
CLR
STATUS
Status=0
7465 A4 00
AM) A
o,x
Pixel value
7467 27 03
BEG
RETURN
Zero
7469 7C 00 26
INC
STATUS
One
746C 39
RETURN
RTS
7460 26 05
SET
m
CLEAR
Original
746F AA 00
ORA A
M
7471 A7 00
STA A
OpX
7473 39
RTS
7474 CI 01
CLEAR
Of>B
1
There are soMe OMissions froM the circuit shown
in figure 1 in the second article (page 26 of December
81 issue), There Must be a wire froM IC 17 pin 9 to
pin 3 of the 74157 which is added piggyback to IC 22,
This wire carries address line A12. Also pins 1 and 4
Must be connected at the socket of IC 20 where the
74LS138 now replaces the 74LS139.
address decoding to enable the board.
This allows the
I had to Make one additional change to center the
blanking gate on the video. By trial and error I added
capacitance to IC 35 pin 9 until an extra vertical line
at the left hand edge disappeared and the Missing line
at the right hand edge fully appeared. The value was
3900 pF.
Mr. Hunt's prograM called GRAPH perforMS
initialization, screen fill, and setting, resetting,
and inverting of single pixels and lines, Set, reset,
and invert are selected by whether the value of MODE is
0, 1* or greater than 1. I added a few lines of code
so that if Mode is negative, the value of the pixel is
returned without any changes, This is useful in gaMes
which will be My Main application. Also it is
First I used GRAPH to set soMe points and draw
soMe lines and execute Mr, Hunts OEHO prograM. After
a few days of that I patcted the TSC Extended Disk
Basic to the Graphics Drivers using PEEK, POKE, and USR
functions, Using Basic I wrote a gaMe in which two
players input Muzzle velocity and elevation angle to
cannons in their respectiveive forts and alternately
fire at each other over randowized terrain usually
including a tall Mountain. The shells leave a trail in
the air and blast craters in the terrain when they hit,
Of course all physical laws are obeyed, and the wind
always has a large asyMMettrical effect.
I tried doing soMe Moving figures by drawing
theM froM a look up tablej erasing theM, and redrawing
theM at a slightly different position. As you can
guess, it was slow and flickered badly, The basic
interpreter wasn't fast enough,
Then I tried using the A/BASK corf>iler. It is
patched to FLEX2 by using the instructions in Kilobaud
*icroc<HH/ting. The June '81 68XX article has the
instructions ami listing, and the December '81 68XX
article has the correct addresses for FLEX2.
A/BASIC is strange and difficult to use at firsti
but the resulting code is super-fast. Now I have to
put in delay loops to keep the Klingons on the screen
68' Micro Jou ma L
29
long enough to start aininq the gu> turret t
I reassembled the Graphics Driver routire to get
the base page variables out of the way of A/IASIC and
used r£EK» POKE, and CALL(user) again, tot A/BASIC
lets you specify the location of variables in ne*ory f
so I reassembled the Graphics Drivers again. This time
I used RHi 2 for the variables to be passed, since
A/HASIC uses 16 bit variables. Now I can simply set
variables and CALL the appropriate Graphics Driver
roc/tine.
I put the shape of a figure to be drawn in a
look-up table. In TSC basic the coordinates and
status of points and lines can be entered in data
statements* In A/BASIC the coordinates and status are
entered in two's-complement hex directly into memory
where the appropriate variable array was defined.
Then to draw an attacking Klingon, the main program
passes the center coordinates to a subroutine which
erases the old figure and draws the new one scaled to a
larger size. There's plenty of time for all this with
the compiled Basic.
Thanks again to Hr» Hint.
swtpc c
SOUTHWEST TECHNICAL PRODUCTS CORPORATION,
a San Antonio, Texas based pioneer in the
Micro Computer Industry, has just released
its "C" Compiler to the Data processing
marketplace. The M C" Compiler is a
"full-blown" C developed by James McCosh.
With all of the dust rising over the
numerous "C" compiler subsets about to hit
the scene, SWTPC did it again — living up
to its corporate philosophy, of being
"OFrEN FIRST— ALWAYS THE BEST."
"C" is the first true serious attempt at
standardization. In the past, attempts
were made with the various standards
imposed on COBOL, yet today full
standardization is far from a reality.
PASCAL is also making an attempt for
standard code. "C", however, is not
hardware dependent — any system using
Unix # , or a Unix-base will find "C"
produces fully transportable code from one
machine to another.
With the release of "C", emerges an
entirely new nomenclature for Data
Processing techniques. Just like SWTPC
was the driving force creating the niche
for micro-computers, "C" opens the race
for a micro-mini. The recently announced
S* System, with a separate optional I/O
30
preprocessor and service to 32 serial
ports is the beginning. Now about the
only difference between a mini and our
Micro, is the bottom line on the invoice.
The support of DMA and SMD mass storage
devices offer latitude and choice seldom
found in this industry. Best of all,
upgradability is the name of the game.
You can start with an S/09 with 128K of
RAM memory, dual 8" diskettes and 1 CRT
and expand to 1024K of memory, 2.3
gigabytes of disk storage and 32 terminal
devices with I/O preprocessing and VIAbus
408K-baud networking. This is UPGRAD-
ABILITY !
trademark of Bell
*UNIX is a registered
Laboratories.
680X User Notes
PROGRAMMERS FOR THE 6809
The following request for programmers for 6809
machines turned up in the Northwest Computer Club
newsletter, 10/81. For those talented and inter-
ested in making some money, I'm reprinting the
letter below:
"I am writing to give you a brief description of
what I am doing. For the last 8 months I have been
writing programs for the TRS-80 Color Computer.
Moat of these programs are in machine language and
they are selling well. I am, however, becoming in-
creasingly bogged down by the business end of this
venture. I intend to make Spectral Associates a
leading producer of high resolution color graphics
software with primary emphasis on the 6809. We
currently have the new Hitachi MB6809 Personal
Computer and will soon get the Fujitsu Micro-8.
Neither have been released on the American market
and both use the 6809.
I need capable programmers who want to write
good, quality software, on a royalty basis for
these machines. I have high level contacts at Tandy,
Hitachi and Fujitsu which will prove very useful.
I have complete development facilities here in
Tacoma for those who wish to avail themselves."
Tom Rosenbaum
Mr. Rosenbaum also said that the Hitachi has
Microsoft BASTC and a dissassembler. It has 32K
with 17K video control and overhead, 14K for pro-
grams. Interested people should contact him at:
Spectral Associates, 141 Harvard Ave., Tacoma, WA
98466, (206)565-8483.
NOTES ON THE TRS-80 COLOR COMPUTER
Speaking of the Color computer, I ran accross
some notes by Dean Alexander of the Rochester NV
TRS-80 Club, in their LLIST newsletter, 10/81.
The following is Dean's article:
Contrary to the limited information provided in
the Reference Summary section of the Extended Color
BASIC Manual for CSAVEM function, the proper numeric
input to write out a machine language file to
cassette is to use decimal numbers (not hexidecimal
as shown. This error is also duplicated on the
quick reference card. The proper format is:
CSAVEM "Name", Start, End, Transfer. Where "Name" •
filename; start, end and transfer are decimal num-
bers representing the start, end and transfer
addresses of the machine language program.
There is an excellent program in the April '81
issue of *68* MICRO JOURNAL, page 26, by Ralph
Tenny. For the hobbyist who wants to do a little
fooling around with machine language programming
on the color computer, this program allows the
user to examine memory, enter machine code direct-
ly in hex, and verify the entry.
"68' Micro Journal
SAMPLE MACHINE LANGUAGE EXERCISE:
This program is similar to the one on page 4*1 of
the "6609 ASSEMBLER LANGUAGE PROGRAMMING" . by
Lance Leventhal and will serve as a basis for
working out many of the sample programs described
in that excellent publication.
The following table represents the full source
and object code structure of a sample program
which moves the contents of Memory Location 12010
to Hemory location 12011.
MEMORY ADDRESS OBJECT CODE OP CODE OPERAND
DECIMAL IN HEX
LIST). Second, use the MON command with the addi-
tional parameters to get to the monitor to do your
patching (♦♦♦MOV l.SOURCE.TXT). when finished
with the patches, jump to the starting address
of the command ($A100 or $000 usually) and it
will run picking up the additional parameters as
if input with the command.
The final section of the newsletter is the list*
ing of a SI load utility. The program in the news-
letter could be used to send binary programs with
a modem. It could also be used to exchange programs
and text with a non-Flex system, such as EXORcisor
or OS-9.
12001
2EE1
B6 2E EA
LDA
$2EEA
12004
2EE4
B7 2E EB
STA
S2EEB
12007
2 EL 7
39
RTS
12009
2EE8
00
12009
2EE9
00
12010
2EEA
TF
12011
2EEB
00
data
(note: 120Q8 4 9 are memory locations not used,
12010 is the data to move, and 12011 is the store
address. )
Add the following program to the above referenced
Machine Code Entry Program from '60' MICRO JOURNAL:
500 RIM MACHINE LANGUAGE CONTROL
510 DET USRO»12001
$20 A-USR(O)
530 X-PEEK (12010)
540 PRINTXj
$50 Y-PEEKU2011)
560 PRINTY
570 END
Type
Type
"RUN" (This gets into the Code Entry Program)
■E" then "2EE1*
660X USER NOTES, by Dave Baxter
The following notes are from Dave Baxter's
680X column in the November issue of RAMS NL.
Dave talks about the TSC FLEX NEWSLETTER.
The Flex Newsletter No. 5 came out recently.
It has the usual mix of TSC product descriptions
and user tips. The first section is news of new
Flex users among the Japanese computer manufact-
urers. Adtek of Japan has translated the Flex
manual set into Japanese for use on their 6B09
system aimed primarily at industry and system
development. TSC also anticipates that FLEX will
be available for both the Hitachi MB6609 and the
Fujitsu Micro- 8. Both of these machines sport
color graphics as a selling point.
Per the newsletter, here are the current ver-
sion numbers of their major software packages:
PROGRAM
6809 ver.
6800 ver.
6809 PASCAL
"3
Extended BASIC
19
17
Ext. BASIC Precomiler
4
:
BASIC
15
13
BASIC Precompiler
3
2
Text Editor
2
Assembler
2
Text Processor
4
Sort/Merge
3
3
Debug
17
If your versions are less than these you may
want to take advantage of TSC * s liberal update
policy. If you have owned the package for over two
months, send the original disk and proof of pur*
chase along with ten dollars to TSC and they will
send it back updated. Owners under two months, the
updates are free. I've done it with my software a
couple of times. Be prepared - the BASIC keeps
getting bigger each time and your bigger programs
may not fit with it.
The tips section of the newsletter talked about
an interesting feature that I didn't know about
the MON command. When using the MON command, it
is all right to put additional parameters follow-
ing the command. That if*, if you wanted to run a
conmand such as LIST, but -anted to put in a few
patches before running it* the two step process
would be as follows. First get the command in the
utility workspace using the GET command (♦♦♦ GET
SWTP COMPATABI11TY WITH SMTP
SMTP 6809 computers are now all being shipped
as 2 MHz units. SWTP offers an EPROM programmer
board, the MP-R. The MP-R, and it's software
are meant for operation at 1 MHz only. It will
not work in a 2MHz system. A call to SWTP about
this brought news that the MP-R will only work
at 1MH2/ and there are no plans to redesign the
board to work at 2MHz. The ROM/R*M boards on
these systems will probably have a few empty
sockets J
From ACC-NJ Newsletter - Tnks Guys
OS-9 Hex
Echo Routine
This suiier I finally received ay long awaited
OS-9 operating systei fro* KICROMRE. After
bringing it up on ty hybrid SUTPC systei I discovered
that there Mas virtually no lethod (with the systei as
supplied) to setup and control ly console CRT and
systei printer . Both of these devices require
ASCII control characters in the range of hex 00
to hex IF for initialization and function changes.
The 10 lanaqer supplied with OS-9 for support of
serial character devices filters out all but
a fen ASCII control characters. Further, the ECHO
routine supplied Mill only echo characters that
Mere input via the terunal. If you do not
have i teninal that can generate all the ASCII
control characters then you have no May to output
these characters. This is the case with iy CRT
teninal, a lodified TI-9H unit.
To overcoie this problet I developed a hex echo
routine called HECHO. This routine is written
in reentrant 6809 assembly code designed to
operate as an executable lodule in the OS-9
environment. The routine works by tatting tM0
ASCII characters froi the input path and
converting thet into one hex byte. Any
characters inputed that are not in the range
of through 9 or A through F Mill be converted
to hex zeros. Also, spaces will be ignored and
characters and converting each into a hex nibble
in the event that there is an odd nuiber of input
characters the last nibble Hill be defaulted to
W Micro Journal _
31
THE COMPLETE BUSINESS SYSTEM
Multiuser^Highly Expandable Cost Effective
S+ THE CONCEPT
The S+ system is a modular computer system in
which all portions of the hardware and software are
designed to work together in the most efficient way
possible. An S+ single user system with floppy disk
storage is a competitive and cost effective entry level
system. Unlike most other small computers being
sold as "personal", or "small business" machines,
the S+ system may be expanded to maximum
capabilities using this same hardware and software.
You cannot end up with a DEAD END system that
cannot be expanded and whose software is not
compatible with larger machines. A basic S+ system
may be expanded to thirty two users, a megabyte of
main memory and hundreds of megabytes of hard
disk storage by simply plugging in, or connecting the
desired upgrade equipment.
TOTAL DESIGN-Hardware and Software
The S+ system is an integrated hardware and soft-
ware design. The two complement and enhance each
other in this system. The UniFLEX® operating
system used in the S+ systems is patterned after the
Bell Laboratories UNIX® operating system, one of
the most admired and widely used operating systems
in the world. Instead of being an afterthought, the
software is part of the design of the S+ system. You
can be sure that with this approach that all parts of
the computer operate with maximum efficiency and
cost effectiveness,
THE CENTRAL PROCESSOR
The basic S+ system is configured with 256K bytes
of memory and can be expanded to more than 1
million bytes. An efficient and fast hardware
memory management system is used to allocate the
available memory among the users on a dynamic
basis. As little as 8K bytes, or the entire memory— if
needed— can be used by any individual user. This
makes it possible to run very large programs on the
system, but it also uses no more memory than
necessary for a particular job. The increase in cost
effectiveness of this system over crude and outdated
bank switching arrangements is dramatic.
32-
_ 68 Micro Journal
The central processor runs in both user and super*
visor states. It can detect and reject a defective user
program. It is impossible for a user program to go
bad and stop the entire system, as can happen quite
easily in less sophisticated systems.
Task switching is accomplished by use of a multiple
map RAM memory, with sixty-four individual task
maps. Each task can access from 4 to 64 Kbytes of
memory. Multiple tasks may be used in programs
that require more than 64K bytes of memory for
execution. When a task is completed the memory is
automatically released for other use,
SOFTWARE
The S+ operating system, UniFLEX® is a multiuser,
multitasking operating system based on the UNIX®
operating system that has been used for many years
on Digital Equipment Corp, PDP-1 1 series minicom-
puters. It is considered one of the most sophisti-
cated and "user friendly" operating systems avail-
able. Variations of UNIX® are rapidly becoming
standard on mini and larger microcomputers.
A large variety of languages are available for use
with the system. These include FORTRAN,
COBOL, BASIC, and Pascal. Word processing
packages are also available to give you full text
processing capability on the system.
Applications programs are available in large quanti-
ties in many fields. This includes general business,
medical, dental, veterinary, library and real estate
management; plus others. Since the system is
multiuser it can also be connected to cash registers
to produce a point-ofsale terminal system combined
with the computer. The possibilities for application
of this system are endless.
THE I/O SYSTEM
The S+ system is totally interrupt driven. All ter-
minal and printer I/O devices connect to an I/O bus
separate from the main bus. Up to thirty two
separate devices may be connected to the I/O bus at
any one time. If I/O activity is great enough to cause
an unacceptable slowdown in system operation, a
separate I/O processor can be installed in the
system. This plug-in option removes all t/O handling
overhead from the main processor and allows
operation of up to thirty-two external devices at
9,600 baud. Without an integrated total design, as in
the S+ system, it would become impractical to use a
UNIX®type operating system in a situation with
heavy terminal I/O activity.
DISK STORAGE
A wide range of disk storage capacity is available for
the S+ system, from 2.5 M-byte floppy disks to an
80 M byte Winchester and many sizes between. All
disk controllers use direct memory access (DMA)
type operations to maximize data transfer and to
minimize overhead on the main processor. The
Winchester disks also use intelligent controllers
along with DMA transfers to preserve the perfor-
mance that these type devices are capable of giving.
Without this distributed intelligence the system
performance would be greatly degraded. The
UniFLEX® operating system is designed to work at
maximum efficiency with this type disk system. The
data transfer rates achieved by this combination
rival those of large minicomputers.
COMMUNICATIONS
A high speed local network communications system
is available to interconnect S+ systems. The VIA
BUS® network will allow communication between
systems at data rates of over 400K baud. Such a
system makes it possible to share data between
local systems in an efficient and low-cost manner.
AVAILABLE SOON
Tape backup— 20M-Byte in less than 15 minutes on
a standard Va inch cartridge.
Mini-Wini— 5 and 10 M-Byte Winchesters— 5% inch
package. Winchester performance, for smaller
systems in a small package. UniFLEX® com-
patible design.
Large Capacity— 190 and 340 M-8yte Winchesters,
plus SMD cartridge drives.
UniFLEX is a registered trademark of Technical Systems
Consultants, Inc.
UNIX is a registered trademark of Belt Labs.
VIA BUS is a registered trademark of Southwest Technical
ftoducts Corporation.
SOUTHWEST TECHNICAL PRODUCTS CORPORATION
219 W. RHAPSODY
SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS 78216 (512) 344-0241
68 Micro Journal,
.33
a hex ;er#.
Only t«o types of errors Mill result in the prograi
lodvle being aborted. These error types ire:
tore than 40 bytes of output generated and OS-9
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SUPPORT YOUR
ADVERTISERS
34.
_ 68 Micro Journal
BIT Bucket
To The Editor,
Francis E. Van Horn
418 Estes Street
farfreesboro, TN
37130
January fl, 1992
Tha nijin program then lOO&i And procures the ne* t not* from tha
music. r»d o*» arid On till th» duration i* *ere.
I hop* that you and your nidfri may land some interest in thia
DrogrM. I don't •■«•> to be sble to find much published on
maChinv lanouaQv Program* 4or tha TRS80C .
«r a*t up coniliti o* • 86*90 Ouit compear operating under FLEX9
connected to «V YR880C by Mini o* tha RS-232 Port. Tha
von loading and uploading x* by Mini o* Wlcro Worfca C0UG. 1
htvi Oven able to do this at 9^00 baud .
I Alto ■« encloaing a cassette •*» th Country Roads on it.
ba abla 1;o Hnd a TftS6«C and O.ay 11.
YOU aay
Mi»11 B» l*,y
In John Tucker's reyien of the Epson M-100 in the
Nov, 81 issue the fa! toning statement was aade: "H you
need to build a cable, the plug is the cotion one used
mi th the Centronix and is widely available,' This
statement caused ay printer cable to cost ae about 16
lore than it would have, if 1 had been given the correct
intonation.
The plug is specifically a 57-30360 tAHPHEWLh
This plug is used with the Centronics 702, 703 and 779,
but is not used with several other Centronics printers.
Although this article does not specifically say sb,
it does itplv that the printer coaes with both parallel
and serial interfaces. According to the aanual I
received and the printer I purchased, the parallel
interface is standard. W you need a serial interface,
it is optional and you woulrf do well to take sure you
order a printer with a serial interface.
Kith these exceptions I would agree with lost of
what Kr, Tucker had to say. It is an outstanding
printer. And, the ability to set print si2e, density*
and fori length all under software control is a great
asset.
2*
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31
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M,ih«i->rt in tl*V FOUR »anT nVSIC 9H ■
**4 iHHt3\i C HICROCO«njTER I
Bv •
. tLL *». OIL Or J*. *
NOVfcxtfCR 24. \9B\ ■
*
u$tna an M,QO*iTm bv t
*AL CHAMBER^ IN •
ti/frU*>H£D IN TIC SE^T 147? IBSIJC Of I
"BVTE* a
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TEMPO
EOU
46B
FFFE
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FF23
SWITCH
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TU*W OW AUDIO TO TV
1%M**>
«H*a
2
<*m
RUB
i
voice i
f»r
3
VOICE?
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NOTE DURATION
VOICE PQ INTER*
INC»£»SENTB FOR TmE
VOICE POINTERS
III 1 1\ IVn KI'ICISI N
All WJKl rmiM [WIVE a Al NNN. HAAS 7K74S
January II. 1942
Dear Mr. Williams,
Your help Is solicited by Our firm to locate customers of ouri Mho
purchased 12MPAK in Kay, >9«1 The Initial $*)e* and distribution
were handled by * separate firm who afcreed to provide us with names
and addresses of purchasers so we could provide update* Tor l&NrAK.
This information was not made available to us, therefore we have
no way of contacting these early customers.
If purchasers of I&MPAX serial numbers 1225*1235 will contact us.
we will he pleased to provide them vtth updated software.
As we «re now handline our own distribution »nd keeping records of
our purchasers, this Is no longer a problem. Th*n* you for /our
help is assisting us to locate these customers.
Jinr« G. Ceorgoulis
CLELL A. DfLDV, JR.
244U W 27TH ST.
Panama City, FT- 32409
X em enclosing thm timting of a lour vote* music propria ♦or
Tandy* a TRttdOC aicro. At lac had to tha limting ia a hi« dump o*
tha aiuaic ♦or Country Roadm by John Oariwmr.
Th»» program is baaad on Chamber 1 in* a algorithm. that was
pub 1 l shad In the Gapt 77 i aaua o# 9yta. Tha Mrst tabim |m tha
diglttimd *ora o* one CVcla o* tha orgin sound. Thia conmlmtm Of
tha 4undaa>antal + macond haratonic end tha third htraonic at half
amplitude. The second tebla n tha not* tncrwMnt tabla. thia la
•quivalaot to the keyboard o* a musical instrument. Note that
adjacent lncra*enta mra rmlatmd by the txel'th root o4 t>to.
The program la «ntt«n In a pmuado Pamcal atructural th* main
program >■ at tha and end consists o* cells to procedure*. Tha
first procedure inatlflltea tha varlablaa and turna on tha sound.
Tha naxt protadura reeds the duration o* the nota to ba playad.
t* the duration it 2*ro, tha song ti terminated end control is
returned to Baaic. Procedura MOT£ nam tha na>it four items in
tha music. Thaae ere the values for pointers Into the note
teble. Each Mlii dvttmln* **hat note ita voice mLII be playing.
abo«it MS
Tha proevdure PLAY consists of a timed loop of
microseconds duration- Each time the loop is executed e sempla
of the four voices +rm Summad and outOutad to tha D/ft converter.
At tha same time e number correspond! no to the Tompo ia
decremented end Mhen it reaches zero the duration count is
decremented. This Mini thet tha duration of tha nota played is
daparvdant o*> the tempo end the duration read from tha mutic.
tooo oo
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Larry Ml II .**•
44 mCf» JwmI
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Ok^ tnlir« t»t«)«ti, fh*r««w *« «r» ri«W<l««ft It a* Dt»- •* In tha >tarel\
82 «••»* oi t*« 4* mtrfl Jcs^r»«i »
Our than** alae lo K*« **pi»n OI KuriMrt »oa Frank *4*r» ol Fr«#v* Hooaj
LtAsMwr *<*~ tt>«|r tW»«»iUan ID rilKttinq tr>»tr mc% to **k» th»»
avaalbla.
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OC 10
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{Sj WINDRUSH
T*t 4omi4o»Tn
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•»tt* MELE1U [HfORPUnDM
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14 94 1
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1 44 00
I OO 34
1 14 II
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l 1ft 54
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48 37 OC 14 OO 8**___jL_HJ3I__
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44 32 98 10 OC J Jhi JBi„
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44 OC OC OO 9C V \D^ \J .V
OC 14 OO 97 98 T__tv^_^fvj ">i
18 00 4o S3 IB ___8i__ JU_ an
37 OO 00 OC 1A __3*i i3B_ 8
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OC 10 40 OO 92 __.«#•_.. K.ft . *>
10 OO 92 OO OC _«,8_ >« 4^
OO 2 4B OC Oft __ft< 8* 4M__
tJIndruffc *itrO fy«t44i Lilt C4<3 «M>OOft«t tK4 tnwldifltc •V4l(4ft1l4ir Of th4lr
UftIVE»m fPHOft M0C8488EI -hlch ►>«» t»«n purpo^* Oettgnotf for 6600/6809
■oftv4r4/K«rdM4n d4)v*tOpM«ni »v»lf«ft. Th# (3rOgr4aa«r # **\Uh Co»l* I17S.0O,
<1nclud1o| r4g1ii4r4d fir mM coH>>* his tha fotloM^nv fir4tur«4:
• F4O0448NCS AMO VEKIMKI 7708 tTfJ-WOLTJ^ iH6/77l4 (HNW.E VOU),
2532^ 27)2^ 2732*. 2564, 7764 A4P ThI I28K T8S2S26.
* TI43 IKMO 181E4T108 f68CC SOCMT} 8lTH 808E SlLfCTOC SWZTC8ES ABE
•80VIBED 80 MOPITIOMAI •tfJOAAl ITT 8004JLCI A*E RE«UlH».
* T«18 804101 MHH FOU« ICCT OF TWIStfO P*If CA6XI COftFtftl UlfM ItC
C04MCETORS RIEP3 T«E LlO 08 COOtlM r8D8\fAS 44)0 8AKES INf rVOClftflftlll
4XICM U»S U8E C08A8UNC TO USf TXAI Ot» 11464.1 OPAIt 0CI1OT3. T»»
DIS1C4) ALSO I844\» TUf FftQCKAJfttft TO 8f XXTflFACEO 8tTH » 6621 81A
IN STSTE8S THAT 80 BQT MftVE fKf 1-50 BUS,
* E'TENlIVr 'SOfTwABE I8JNU 1 rftOVIOtl ml rOLLOWlNf MCILJTlElt
A. MOV* IK TMBOUtH 16ft BLOCKS OF Bf 404 T ffOft/TO $S>€CXFXCP 48PIES$fS.
8. tEAO E*tON 1830 BUrTER,
(. 880C4A8 K4808 FROM Mrrft (Ai^OMflEAiiY VERIFIES ^80tAft4A|B») .
P. •ftOCftAB « ICCECTIR MIA OF £8808.
E. VEH1FV EPROB A(A]8ST BUFFER,
F, IXA818E AH& CHAH6i BUFFER,
f . FOIMTTIR ai*# OF BuPffR.
H. FItL IICECTCI AREI Of BUFFER WlTN 4 SPECIFIC* FILL C8ARAC70R.
* SOFTWARE AVAILABLE F04 6600 48P 6609 8ASEP STSTE8S, (SSI 60S OR FLE»)
■ SQFTUARC SOURCE Mil INCLUPEP 08 P1SK ... EKAJLCS CUSIOBllATlOft.
• FULL* P0CU8INTEI USER MANUAL PROVIDES INFORftATlO* FOU APAPT186 TmE
SOFTWARE PACKRQI TO » VARJETT OF STSTE8S (SSB, UTf r 8S3, 61813).
• PRQFEISI08AUT F181SN<D PCB W/SOLPER RESIST (ROTH SJtlt), ANO SILK
SCRCI8IP C08808<8T OVERLAT,
• IARC PCS' I RUE ALSO RVAILA6LE FOR T*i NOBBT MARKET.
MICTcOWAR€.
PRESS PLEASE
' 00 4| || Oft 44 00 44 X f
40 OC OC 00
24 00 44 40 I
OO H R H Pi I J
44 J„^_J* Jl ^ J
00 BvJH__.Otf<_*_J_
.*_J*_*_JB_»_JD_
18 |4 40 OO ** i
10 OO OO at OC
M J 4 J _ **
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44 OC 14 40 OO
V** IV TW VV -T> 1W <■, ^^ *"",. •^'^•"-'^ -
IO 00 00 41 OC 10 X H l,J84„„H_t
48 00 4C OC 14 48 00 _S_I_**__W_M_W_
OO 44 OC 18 00 00 44 P-__H_*1_0_J^__J
44 OC 14 40 00 44 ll 3 J .J IJ
. 44 OC II 00 *
i OC 14 00 00
i OC 18 92
!■ _*_J_a*J^_.J__
* j__»
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IP1C
IP3C
l*TC
1F4C
1P3C
iPftC
IfTC
IF8C
00 44 OC 11 4| 00 44 IB |4 ftO 4» 4A OC 10 OO OO .J . . W_J_ _B U J „
41 OC IO 3C OO *| OC IO 40 OO 4ft OC IO 48 OO 4G ••_< _H_>_41 U H_H
IB 11 *B OO *f 18 It *• *0 4f OC 10 OO OO 4C OC H H r Hai W_
IO 3C OO 4f OC |0 40 OO 4ft OC 1 48 OO 4ft OC lO _*_N„B_ ►!„*_**__
4ft 00 33 OC 10 44) OO 4| 18 IO 44 OO ftft OC 1ft OO H, 8 H PJ J
OO 44 OC 1ft S3 OO 44 OC 14 U OO 44 OC 18 40 OO „J_~i^J^Ii »J^I»I
44 1« IO 40 OO 44 18 IO 40 34 44 OC 14 OO OO 44 J__8_J__*iJ J
OC 14 3i3 OO 41 OC 14 34 OO 41 OC 14 40 OO 44 Ift ^.2_J__« _,J_I_J .
14 40 54 44 iftOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOC „8j J
0U8 0O42 EJ40NOI 1708
t«C4 0O99 IWM MBT
mftotm 0040 HOTf ilftft
POftT *r2* HtftO liw
T48L HOO TtHPO OOftfl
VOICC3 0O*« V01C4I 4 004C
MPT tOOO
68* Mkjro Journal.
|NC l
•O**
I*C7
I»9!
INC3
0U93
tOtft*
120C
HBfPt
I7IC
MUSIC
13AO
121*
PLAV
11C9
PLlvl
1 IC9
KftfctKT
rrff
STftAT
HI*
S81TO
FP33
TinwAS
HFC
vOlCtl
0043
VOICES
0ft46
M48TR 1
l3o?
W46 £?
12<'4
UOS1E3
170ft
Jftousry U, 1161 - for l^aallica 84lftftM
00nt4«tr jainnft TWilB (515) 27R-6644
HICTftSKAftl «0 RX3L0 06>l EDniAlC 0SO1 I
■ictwii* fyit«B8 Corpof4tlofl. i ivadlng dft¥ilop«r of mlcco-
proowftr mottmmt: will bold tti titat 4nnual Oft-f 04*1*4
BamlAir on mmy H-16 at thm Dm ftolrvai Uidott. Ttili S*4inar la
•44LaA4d to 4llov tbt v«(i oi UM Of* Op*ratloa 5ya taa to a**t
vltll Khm a*4lqn*ra of tAll 4 §01 prograaiilr^ 4AVlrona«f^ tot
train 1^9 and Oirlaflna a««aiona. Tha aaailnir »m alio b*
hlfEdiftitftd by amtolbita by a*)or «iO0 hardvata aamif actor arc and
P1Q&X9TB of apfUlcatusna aofevara 4V4ll4bla gndac 08-4.
ftttftjBBBl ebacft-ln «U1 bft frlftay, M«y lath. 6 RacftPtion mad
OiACMr will ba odd froaj T aft ♦ m, ?Uln9 tb* t«rtlclP4mti 4
caftACa to Boat, Raft Bft aa/ a 16a«a 4n6 Lntosaatlon.
Ucturaa kill 0* «Lr4ti by boui tha ucbluctft of Ofrl and itav
flfurM in Uh 1601 ilcfoprooaavor world, fbaaw loctwaa *U1
Q ™^»"« BA8 L 8A j , Hay I MA at .88 Aft 4*6 ran UraWUt tfta caty
taatll fiBf PR, 4BBRBBE (8 i M ftftiu laa^A M44ft. Ca4<CructI«a
ftnd d lBfw — | n a will omr a varUty of mcijacta. Individual
I!!!irM!iJ ■SfL** ^-2*^ Cf B tiUm mta. art u» luico*,
'^ <ml '-? d ^' •** C •»«^* BB ^ l*«9«BftB. * Ito^ltftllty .^t*
•DBAAftcad by Blcrowaxa »U1 opan at liOO Bmtxuday ^aAt to
p 5^i a L*». Uf0f ~ 1 ■^i«*BRR8« or dlBCXaftaloa. BbAdAy ^cnlbo
At 10.00 (Rftti will bft «Oa8t ■8««farH At a !ar4**aibx2c8r
AdVRAOi pe»-r 48i.tr Atlon by a*U 1* r4qu ir ad. TfM r49Ui:ratloo
foa for .11 aaaalona la H dollari. mftftAft intarofttsd In
maAOlAB of aithlblting at ba «— lnj f ,bould eontftCt Nlcroirara
8R ROOn 44 poaalbl* for Nrthar Wo Afttlon and r«91atratlen
natarlala.
» laji Qrjnd A^vt^a Ra* *mi On Mwm o»« SOJM (lVi^4a>M
37
OJIICftT is ■ very unique cartridge Tor the TRS-BO Color C<vputer,
U costal na (our twenty four pin socket* and a* add re m decoder on a
high quality, double sided, pitted through panted tlreult fcctarf. De-
pending on the vinion you |et. vorx^cc 2.1 for E?FK1£ enJ version 1,2
for WAG). You are able to select either 2716 £reaeable Piogrammabla
Read Only laamorlee (CPRdO) or Ramoce Aeeesa Memories RMS . You tre
also able to mle U 2X steps EFBOi? and VatS froa the cartridge address
C000 Hex (49152) thru ftff (65*79).
Installing 0K of rUN or ftCW is veiy tl»pl« f Just plug the* So the
sockets provided, installing 16K or HaV ar ROf requires the piserfcecaine
of four chips on top of the first four installed into the aoclmnx. Then
sddlng the chip at 3 act Hose for the four piggybacked chip*, When Piggy-
backing the oblpa you must he csreful not to overtveet the chips, as the
he it a ill dtnsgs than. Make cure the top chips ere pushed down xjgfct
si's Inst the first or bottom chips so that the top of the cartridge will
fit properly. CUDtOKf la built differently then the ncnael R<34 pecks
available to allow for the piggybacking of cMpe inside.
DIEMDRY csrtrldgs is orenga in oOlor a ltd epprcocsmltely the «nne
phyalcel outside else ■■ other ROM PACKS. But the main dlffersncs la
lnslds. OiDtiSCr installs easily into the color compute re cartridge alot.
with no alignment problems thst night be associated with RCaC PACKS thai
are smaller than tha orlgJonal dealer.
The on-board address decoding setters sdireGS noraslly sasoclatsd
alt)) the cartridge slot. Even though these addresses are not oontlnoun
«1U the loawr, op- board ccaaputer amtry, this is r^t a problem, Mmmory
i-. the cartridge location aeybe accessed uaing fie B ic with POKE and USB
-ac^ands. Machine language progress neybe 2*+ae£: clre^l^ imp the
cartridge add res a.
1 have InatalUd l&fc of RAM into *y rvnahR* cartridge, this gives
«e lo,127 bytaa of memory. ( C000 through FEF? The laat 2}* bytes of
=>e*5~ry la not acceaasble. Because, Basic uses these addresses for input
r-tpit a no vsctors. I have oca relocated most of sy ximchioe language
jr;.rrar-s vc lead into CUDIOKt location. Which frees up moat of ray lovor
Ji« of 9c«oiy fcr use by my programs. Almost sny pealtlon independent
noehiiu) language program should load and execute at this nea location.
And this additional memory glvea my computer alsoai i&Y. of piereory. I
fceve found thin apount of memory verj.* useful at times. TO" CMOlORY,
: think you alii like It, I do.
CUaHOT to* the reeoDnended ROC end RAMS are available fro*
Xlcro lebe, Inc. 902 flnecreet, Richardson, Tx. 79080. ckHJQRY
aitlwut memory la *24.9*. 2U-2;r-£»l?
Dooglsa R. Cook
3395 V. Veatland Or.
1\ J order., ttah
cimix
re ixtfuafiHMfuci • &ec*oo exam ■ wan - a>w*
Press Release
•1MIK «.IM as e*MOI«l«e at MCC in muit^i itra 7-IQ, tVBT2.
Ke»e ewewt ticeete evelisele *t»et alio— %*»• u««r to Bain free «.
to tne IkhtMu. riNi* «*u ree^aat* <v cm* to aim*, izz? i
aiMii Mill «iaa ae p«Pr*»wt«d at «h# m<r<^w» cat-* •*•**«
0»» Main** ♦<©* tteV te-lS. Far Ini^Mtliin.cmtMi hlcreiw*,
*• will
•HUM
► 37lh
%
January 1), 1*12
COMPUTER SYSTEMS C6NTOI
at u l&i4 inc
134*1 OUVE ILVD
OCSTHfCUN MCX S30I7
|1 1 4) VS40M
Mr. ben WtllUaa, rubllaher
6s Micro Journal
SMI caseanCra Setith Soad
Klaaon, Tvr 37)43
Dear Don*
The new varelon 1,6 of Southweet Technical froducta Corps's B1UC
{tnJ *♦•* •onltor contain! aoee uopleaaent aurprlaee for those vho
have developed the qveeeloneble habit or uali»9 undocuaentad SBUC entry
^ilnta.
SMTPC haa publlahed only one annuel for SQUG* and that la for the
ordinal veralon ].)« whJeh waa dlatrtbuted In aeiked-liOM froa euaav«r
of 1979 until th« clock apeed waa upped to 2 MU In 19M. At that
tlae, they beqan aendjng out veraiofl \ . t In EPftD*. which haa a longer
alnifloppy boot delay conetent for the laater clock apeed. Version
1.$ will nor boot a ilnll loppy at 2 MM*. Alao the #*l (ABORT button)
fa veetored throu9h the SMI Mm addreea. 1 don't know vhat happened
to verelon 1.6.
Bo far* no big deal, alnce nothing haa aoved around. Bnter
verelon l.t and tha fun beglnai SWTPC aade a aer?lnaliy uae(u) change
at the expenee o! ra-aaaeabl ln9 the whole program. Vera J on 1.6 allowa
lower-caae coaaiand and heir Inputo, where aerller verelone required
upper Cii a , As lon9 aa you uaa only the documented entry poJnt.e
(which are In a juap table and require Indirect addreaelno) » there la
no problea. However, there are lota of undocumented eoodlee that heve
now aoved. Here la a Hat of acme of the likely oneai
Cold SaOCS entry (unchanged)
command loop (unchan^edF
print «rror ■a-maa.ge
gat addraaa range
get eddraae
get hea byte
get elngle hea character
print addraaa
print hex byte
print elngle hex character
print CPLP, then atrlng
print CP. and Lf
print at ring w/o CftLf
Input char, with echo
input single char, w/o echo
check if nay at ruck
output 2 spaces
output elngle apace
OutPut a character
Initialize AC1A
A)ao pleaae note a longstanding typo on page 6 of the ssuG
aanuelt ell refarencea to addreeaea S06xx ahould be to SDfzz.
tha above Information is provided for your convenience. Use it
at your own t is*. .. .66110 will probably change again.
TAUT
SB 14
riu
COMMMO
P861
P661
PUBS*
SABC
ru?
CtTHklG
FD2B
rt>2i
CCT4Mk
ft)2*
P032
oinn
mic
rti4j
atTlKX
roar
rose
ra*Mtx
« • *
ro7c
SR2MCX
rtJ7j
roe «
rnlMcx
ro7i
rngs
i-»
roti
roes
CPtF
fD*2
rt*4
PR9ATA
PDAI
roci
1NBCMO
rtMjA
rocc
IMCKAB
rocs
rnc>2
C BCk
roM
roE2
00T2BP
PDDB
miD
DUTSP
rDDD
rotr
OUTCKR
rnor
rori
INITIO
fori
rcs3
Sincerely,
Don William* m*j.,
r 6l« Micro Journal.
5900 Caee*ndre fmuth.
Computet Publishing Canter,
PO box 6U9.
eixaon. T* J7)ij.
6*6.4.
bear Hon,
*
Tew b«*e putltanea eeve*aJ precraam to set and reeet the
flea paaae featura bat all a«w Cranaieot o^aanda. Bttrely the
guise ems m**t wax whioh aoee mot tavelve ecartlAg up ue diak
or l«~*inf the head ete. la to «ee the aaamxy i^leaot aaer
dssmxal lafal* piwrteed for by TBC. the table can be placed Id
BGH ee 64JC (elne«» la fAR and load* aa part of the STAITUP) «ed
i« almpiy
PCB
PC6
»CB
BTA1
JW
$ 4C12
$ 9OL0
I wfl
PAJBO*
6S?
(Tell nA 1 to refer to smw taals)
(cr ^g^cwrn taela j»)
(table a tart)
*> i rr
*wn
r B* for bold.
*9* for JMfc,. i.e.
i*kl# teminator
(aarria 1. Bmitb)
•et pauee
pauae off
*»6 Kith 6«/ee1
Heme •«,
Ken t
CTS6JV
38
66 Micro Journal
jonuorv le, 1982
63' HlCi>0 journol
3?«0 C*ttar.dra S#it th Ad
M» ..ion p 111 37343
Offlu* Sir
rtr r H (*jnf» 4rticl* or* 'Thou wonderful rt«»>oc »-*«** #d
Uictoo BcmrdV U» tr»t October litut of 68HJ i*a* v*r** lr<«r««Vli«
and uvomS< #>;c»pt *•■••* t,h* circuit »rtt*rtt«d irv riwjr* 2 on
»iM 30 wof-'t uor-k Fl#a*# «•• t*»# «ttach»d for a corfctid
v+rtiin *«Ikk.jI <!.. m** thin* c«n »• acco*»1« **>4<i V* #1* P>i0*tim
t*i T4^4 dual t' Uk -4 L o* axj «grrf-«ci^t t>»* out'ut fro* VM
7+04 kMPCP-tti' to thi tlhi tr*ut t>t th* 74IS£ «hi ft r##t tt#f
Be wr* to cut tfri tftict f*«* wee to th* cl*ai' inimt
lit Hui.t did riot h*ntkO*1 th* uOTlt fault OF the FlD AllKtOUt
board uitich i« tlk.t ttw i «fr#i» i»*Mor * and 6©*3 cor.troUtr *
ad(iiM«i to»*th*r t4U* <# *K of Mmoiv ipac* Tint i% t**C4L>M
th# 6«43 chir K )tc t Circuit kkm*UU1v dfcodti *dcfr*«*%«t
Utrv ^\*l* V*ur-».
In caae you're interested, here ia a partial
deacription of my ay a tern? Original SWtp ttP-68 with a
conatant- voltage tranaformer, heavy duty power supply
and cooling fan; two MP-B mother boarda* 46K of
contiguoua RAM, the top 6K being a color qraphica
board; 16 I/O alota addressed SOO0O-5O0 3F. fly OOS ia
in EPROM at $E00O-$FFFF, now taking up about SK.
Syatem variables, FCBr and tranaient area are in 2K of
dedicated RAH at $0800. It ia my only operating system
and all the power of DOS/FMS ia there at power-on. I
may not be compatible p but I have a lot of fun being
creative* Some of my aystem software includes SWTB
BASIC 3.0 and TSC faat caaaette BASIC (both adapted to
my OS), a acreen text editor and (don't hate me) a ZBO
croaa-aaaembler (both my own creations, are you
interested in the cross-assembler?) .
So- long for now.
^jiu — <eM«^/-£»—
Sincerely,
tt Mtea e HMfeUrt
I Idfr
Randy L. Kron
Rt. 2
Kalona, lows 522 47
PAGE *01 DIRF1X
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cvrrmnt FCB
cUar -fxrat and 1 *«t
disk iddrtsi and -file
sue in n«w directory «ntry
•ix byt»» In all
r««tort X
writ* n«»» entry to di *k
TOTAL ERRORS 00000
■^cJ" 1
7-fSz. 7-40+ 74f&6
68 Micro Journal
5900 Caaaandra Smith Rd.
Mixaon, T« 3734 3
Dear Mr. williamaj
I've got one here that goea back e long way. In
volume 1, iaaue 3 on page 39 an excerpt from the Flex
Newsletter described a problem with deleting files
from a full dia* directory, A full explanation of what
I have learned isn't in order here? juat let it
euffice to say that the initialisation of each new
directory entry is never done completely, relying on
an empty entry at the end of the directory to do it
inatead. Thia will never happen, however, with a full
directory and cauaea all aorta of unpleaaan tries.
Well, if anyone out there ia still intereated in
Mini-Flex, I have a remedy for this problem. Aa shown
in the listing, the fix resides in the free apace
between PMS and the disk drivers. One instruction in
Flex at $7D0F is all that haa to be changed (to JSR
$7SA3) . Implementers can uae their favorite method of
patching the DOS. SYS file. With thia fix inatalled
filea can be deleted from a full directory and new
ones added to it, and evezything will be done
properly.
68' Micro Journal
REVIEW CF HARDWAPE MODIFICATIONS AND ALL-IN-ONE
TEXT EDITOR FROM AAA CHICAGO COMPimB CENTER
Several
Scientific
months ago L purchased
Instruments (MSI) 6EO0
d a
used Midwest
mlcroconputer
system. The system included a Southwest Technical
microcomputer, an MSI FD-8 disk
Products CSWTP7
drive, an ACT IV terminal, and 'a dlablo printer.
was flighted because the cost of the entire syste
was less than the cost of a new Diablo printer. The
ecraputer system and software allowed me to develop
fliachine language and BASIC programs that co Id
produce output to the terminal or the printer.^ Tre
only substantial problem was that HSl ould not
supply software for the system. Technical Systems
Consultants CISC) software for MSI syste s does not
work in the original MSI system.
HARDWARE MODIFICATIONS
AAA Chicago Computer. Center (see ad .
every Issue of the 68 Micro Journal) saved the
advert Isemen t
in every Issue 'of the '68 Micro Journal) saved the
day. The Computer Center Inexpensively modified my
microcomputer so that it could run software using the
FLEX 2 operating syst as well as the older MSI
operating system, Ihe nwdif ication included hardware
changes, software in PROH, FLEX 2 (purchased from AAA
Chicago Co puter Center) > and special drivers so that
FLEX would interface with the MSI hardware, . The
people at AAA Chicago Computer Center have informed
me that they have special drivers that allow full
capacity use of FLEX 2 with dual headed b&OO Smoke
Signal Broadcasting (SSB) disk systems. Coupled with
the Microworks mixer kit. thase drivers penult SSB
users to use both sides of a diskette and intermix 5
1/5 and 8 inch drives on the same controller with
auto-configuration ,
-39
ALL-IN-ONE EDITOR
, I had ray microcomputer system modified so that I
could purchase a text editing program. Since AAA
Chicago Computer enter was the only vendor that was
able to modify ray system, I thought that it was
reasonable to purchase their text editing program .
After using the editing system I have decided that it
is the best 6600/580Q editor available. The AAA All-
in-One Editor is a line editor that has most of the
advantages of a line , editor combined with the
advantages of a screen editor, when the editor is in
the input mode, lines of text are e tered. The text
appears on the monitor in the same way as text
appears on the monitor of a system with a screen
editor. That is, the editor does not require (or
il. «, (Bud) i'an, Ph. D,
COMPUTER 5YSTEHS CONSULTANTS
1454 Latta Lttno. U. W.
Conyers. GA 3D20 7
Th« attached program allows direct loading of Motorola ta Sl*
fornatted file, into FLEX (t» Technical Sy.tcm« Consultants)
binary files. It ia oaOecially useful for loading ob)ect
program, which conflict with FLEX or would load into non-RAM
address ranges. It is called aa follows*
sicouv inputfil outpvtfile
whore INPUTF1U: is the name of the "SI" filo {with d«faul t auffis
of ,T TJ and OUTPUTP1LE is the nam of the binary file (with
default auffix of .BIN). Although the program was written Tor
the 6839, it May be made to run on the t8G8 without too much
trouble.
are
the
supply) line nimbers for the lines of text that
entered < A y line of text can be modified before
carriage return key is depressed.
Wien the escape key is depressed, the editor
enters the command mode. Ccmnands such as U(PI
N(EXTJ, TiOPK BOTTOM), and F(IND) allow the user to
locate any line in the text. For example. IB moves
the line pointer up five lines. A powerful O(VERLAY)
camand system allows the user to insert characters
in a line, delete parts of a line, and nwve from one
position to^ another in the line just as one would i
a screen editor. The OfVERUYl comand also allows
the user to change a portion or the line and retain
or delete, the remainder of the line. The coronands
ft>r locating lines make it easy to locate the line
that is to &e modified by the OVERLAY) coronand. One
IN(SERT) command. The user can start to INTSERT)
text at any point in the file.
After margins are S(ET) the WflGGLE) ccrnand
is
Alter margins are $\t.u one wtiuuuw ocrrana is
used to move the text until each line has an optimum
number of words. The WtlGGlE) command eliminates
ragged margins and can be used in conjunction with
the JfUSTlFY) ccniTxand to right justlfv margi s.
Ihe Fl£X version of the editor Is called 1 the
same way as any disk utility coaciand. Ihe editor has
its own commands for interacting with the disk
operating system. For example, entering Q(UIT) will
^gfln^ X! e 3 ^? u **> ™<}^ FJl-E? if one enters
SaLS^w tf } e ^^C , wil I create a file named
PART1.TXT using disk drive J. This file will contain
the entire text that was entered in the editor
£ u ££ e , r ^ Ir .w the disk already has a file named
PARTI. TXT. the editor will Initiate appropriate
prompts to determine if the file should be cieleted.
ODoroands such as A(PPEND) allow the user to create a
file that is much longer than a file that can be
maintained in the editor buffer. A file can be
AtPPENDJed to a second file at any location in the
second file, IT, a file is longer than the text
bufffer the M(ORE) command is used after one
completes modifications of the part of the file that
is in the text buffer. In long text files, portions
can be moved ft*oro one location to another by creating
any number of " third" disk files for later
reinsertion into the text,
I have only touched on some of the features of
the editor. For example, it has complete provisions
for changing strings of text, deleting any number of
lines of text, inserting text, setting margins,
setting page length, tabulating, and producing "bra
copy. The editor can also be used to create mailing
lists and labels.
It is difficult to communicate the care that
went into the design of the editor. Commands can be
given with upper or lower case letters. In addition,
more than one command can be given before entering a
carriage return. I structions are supplied so that
the user can modify the letter or symbol for many
commands. For example, the user can switch from A to
another symbol for indicating the insertion of text.
Most changes of symbols can be made in the command
mode without having to modify machine language code.
Once the basics of the editor are mastered, the
manual for the editor is very easy to use. Ihe
contends are described in alphabetical order to
facilitate locating a specific contend. Important
machine language program locations that can be
modified by the user are given at the end of the
man 1 ,
I heartily recommend the AAA Chicago Conputer
enter All-in-Che Editor. The people at AAA Chicago
Computer enter will take the tijae to expla n what
their software (and hardware) can do. They are
available to help users with any questions they may
have.
Allen H. Wolach, Ph. D.
Illinois Institute of Technology
40,
When the pr og rM1 encounter, on *S1 - beginning a line it
ganeratea a code segment for the indicate?aS2r«a. length! and
contenta. Wh.n it ^Counter, on -S9*. it generate, a tran.fel
addre.a and terojinote. eM.cution. If it encounter, an l/O error'
ne/StS.r ^V^v 1 * * Lt * " r ° r *•*■*«• a "d terminate.,
he* digits and ch.dcaua. are not checked for validity.
Sincerely,
Tho
E.H. (Bud) Pap.
51 T*> FLEX OBJECT CONVtJtSK.i*
• CONVE T THOU 4.1 l'O JTUJi 6BJECT FORMAT
H lh J1SK tQUATES
C640
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C124 UE
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C139 bfc
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C144 HE
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LOX
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C147 BD
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C14A 26
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C14C 39
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RETURN
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GET
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POIMT TO READ
C158 34
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C162 Hh
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CALL FM5
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ERROR?
»C16D 17
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RETURN TO FLEX
>CI7« 17
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GET
GET A BYTE
CU3 &1
53
CMPA
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CI75 36
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68' Micro Journal
cue
27
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32U
SICONV
CALCOMP 143 DISK DRIVES KITH /09 SYSTDJ
like to report my struggle
I hope that this is useful to
H.Kitazume
Here I would
•round /09 systea
other readers.
I had
1) 6800 with 40 K RAM from SWTPc
2) DMFA-1 ( Calcoap 143 ) 8 1 disk system.
3) H-9 terminal from Heath kit ( modified to 24
lines )
4) Dot matrix printer from Okidata.
5) IBM selectric printer,
I was using that system for 3 years except
Okidata printer, which I added one year ago.
In June 1981 I bought
1) /09 6809 computer with 56 K RAM ( 2 MHz clock
2) DNF-2 disk controller board from SWTPc.
The front panel of /09 was damaged during the
shipment so new replacement was sent soon. The
/09 was working properly and I was delighted with
the rapid advance of technology even in hobby
world.
66' Micro Journal
In July 1981 I bought
1] FLEX09 with Editor and Assembler
2) Text processor
3) Basic interpreter from TSC.
Meanwhile T connected the DMF-2 disk
controller board to the Calcomp 143 disk drives
and run the diagnostic program from SWTPc. This
did not work well at all. Nothing was mentioned
for upgrading DFMA-1 in the manual so I studied
myself and learned following.
1) pin configuration of motor control is
different.
2) pin assignment of TC43 ( track above 43 ) is
different.
3) track access time of Calcomp ( 6 msec. ) is
slower than that of Data Track 8(3 msec. ),
I modified these hardware
worked well.
and software and
I tried
succeeded. I
to patch
contacted to
SWTPc cheefce
FLEX09 disket
Finally
which worked.
1) /09 with
2) DMFA-1
to F000.
This was so
controller bo
to boot FLEX09 from TSC but never
changed the clock to 1 Mfiz and tried
loader but never worked well. I
SWTPc and TSC but no help- at all.
d my DMF-2 controller and TSC checked
te and both were all right.
I traded off with following system
1 MHz clock.
disk controller, modified the address
far satisfactory,
ard was useless .
although DMF-2
I needed PROM programmer and I learned that
programs for PR-M program board is available as
RFADPROM.CMD and WRlTPftGN.CMD as utility programs
in FLHX09 from SWTPc. I bought the FLEX09 ver 2.8
and I realized that the FLEX from SWTPc has much
more utility programs and better printer handling
routine but still cheap. Also I noticed that this
FLEX can be bootable with DPM-2 controller
connected to Calcomp 143. The software patches
were included and "hardware modification'* was
refferded to AK'102.
I succeeded to boot the FLEX with my system
and confirmed that my modification of DFM-2 board
was adequate. Then I tried to change to 2 MHz
clock and this was almost successful. Only thing
that has not been solved is improper functioning
of NEWPISK command for which I have to switch back
the system clock to 1 MHz in each time I need disk
format infi ,
Now my current system is
1) /09 with switchiabl* 1 and 2 MHz clock.
2) DMF-2 disk controller with Calcomp 143 drives.
Following are the suggestions to use Calcomp
143 in /09 system.
1) To use DMF-2 board with Calcomp 143
(1) modification of motor control and TC43 (
track above 43 ) pin configurations -1).
(2) software patch for 6 msec, track access time
-2).
(3) software patch to increase the waiting time
in DCHCK disk diver routine as follows ( for
FLEX09 ver 2.8 )
DF93 from 80 00 to DF93 BF DF9C
DF95 39 DF96 7A DF9C
DF99 26 FB
DF9B 39
2 ) To use DFMA-1 system
(1) make sure to place a jumper BAftBS at MP-09
CPU board.
(2) change the address of controller to F000 -3).
(3) software patch -1).
(4) I am not sure if it runs at 2 MHz.
I realized that I wasted time since nobody
from SWTPc gave me enough and adequate information
for upgrading DMFA-1 system by DMF-2 controller
board or nothing was done by TSC to make FLEX09
bootable at Calcomp disk drives.
41
1 still feel thit both companies are good
since they have been trying to release powerful
systems at affordable price. If they can be ( and
they mist do, I believe ) more kind and
consciencous to customers, they are the best.
I am using »y system for 1) data base
management, 2) statistical analysis for my
research projects and 3) data analysis and word
processing. I played games at 6800 but I do not
nave programs for 6809.
1 am planning to upgrade my system to S/09 {
128 K RAM ) and run FORTRAN compiler.
I have another project which is to upgrade the
old 6800 system to 6809 and make it compact to fit
in one case which contains 6809 CPU board, 32K+16K
RAM, 8* disk controller from GIMIX and one Siemens
8' single density disk drive. I destroyed old
MP-A2 CPU card during the modification and
probably have to buy 68 09 CPU hoard from SWTPc.
"UPGRADE SALE: GIMIX SINGLE OENSITY DISK CONTROLLER
(THE ONE YOU'VE BEEN READING ABOUT)- S175. T*0 SEALS
8K MEMORY BOARDS - S80 EACH. STEVE CARTER, 227
RAILROAD AVENUE, RIFLE, CO 81650."
«««
EXPANDER BLACK BOX PRINTER WITH COVER * BASE S250
MICHAEL FRIDAY 4812 N 10ST 810 MCALLEN, TX 78501
(713) 687-7030
HELP
SIRS, I AM USING: 6800 SWTPC D0S68.51A SSB 8" OUAL
DISK SYS CT64. IS THERE A PROGRAM AVAILABLE FOR
RTTY USING THE ABOVE EQUIP? ESPECIALLY INTERESTED
IN THE PGM HAVING A "MAILBOX" FEATURE. THANK YOU
DUANE SPRINKEL 11765 OAKLANO YJCAI2A, CA 92399
aaa
DEAR SIR, WOULD LIKE TO SEE SOME SSB PROGRAMS IN THE
MAGAZINE. DON'T SEEM TO BE ANYTHING BUT FLEX
LATELY. THANK'S FOR YOUR HELP, H.C. FIELOS W5SGX
Ref ferences
1) SNTPC modification
I125A Jan. 8, 1981,
2) SITTPC modification
#102 Nov. 21, 1979. '
3) 68 Micro journal: page 30, March 1980.
ED'S NOTE:
SOME I DMW
SORRY WE DON'T GET MANY SSB, HOW ABOUT
application
application
notice AN
notice
AN
6502/6609 MICRO
The April Issue of the 6502/6809 Micro Is directed
toward the 6809, so *e have been Informed. Many have
complained, to us In the past, that there has been very
little 6809 In this magazine, I trust that those *ho
have subscribed will be more satislfied In the future.
DMK
CLASSIFIED ADS
MIDWEST SCIENTIFIC MSI, 120K, 2 MHZ, 6800, DUAL FD-8
8" DISK SYSTEM, MULTI USER SD0S FILES, MULTI DISK
FLEX,SCKJS SYSGEN FILES,TSC 6800 TO 6809 CROSS
ASSEMBLER, FLEX SORT/MERGE, TSC 6800 DEBUG PACKAGE,
TSC 6800 BAS1C,HEMENWAY ASSOCIATES PROGRAMS, TSC
BUSINESS BASIC, TSC TEXT PROCESSOR, SORT/MERGE
PROGRAMS, SOFTWARE LIBRARY PROGRAMS, FLEX UTILITY
PROGRAM, AND MANUALS, WITH MUCH MORE.
NEW NEVER USED REGULAR Si 3,000 *J TH SOFTWARE, AS IS
S4995. CONTACT LEW 1-615-842-4600 10AM-5PM.
«««
TANO 56K DUAL SERIAL PORTS, DUAL 5" DISK DRIVES,
LIKE NEW, WHOLESALE S5300 WILL TAKE S2995, 1 CT-82
CRT TERMINAL (NEW IN BOX - NEVER USEO) S795. 1
CT-82 CRT TERMINAL (USED) WORKS FINE S650.PR-40
PRINTER, EXTRA PAPER, AND RIBBONS, S95.
LEW 10AM- 5PM 1-615-842-4600
«««
PERCOM OISC CONTROLLER BOARD AND CABLE, $t25. TWO
SA-400 OISC DRIVES, S225 EA. ABOVE AS PACKAGE OEAL,
S550. TIM TIBBOTT, 1812F WOOCMAR OR,, HOUGHTON, Ml
49931. (906) 482-8806.
«««
SWTPC, MP-A, BFD-68, MP-1632K, *>-S, AC- 30 DOS 68,
S750. ,4 SWPTC WM4 4K BOARDS S100, STEVE LOUIE
1444 MORGANTOWN WICHITA, KS 67212 (316) 722-7651
«««
"6800 TRACE ANO DISASSEMBLE PRO-AM. INCLUDES
LISTING AND MANUAL - S10.00. RICHARD CARICKHOFF,
812 PULASKI DRIVE, LANSDALE, PA. 19446."
• «•
SWTPC 6800-20K, AC-30, XTRA PARTS, SOFTWARE- BASIC,
PASCAL, UTILITIES. $325; OR SEND FOR LIST OF
PARTICULARS. J. T i.0UGHLIN, 908 SALEM DR., HURON
OHIO 44839
42 ■«»
DO YOU KNOW OF ANYONE WHO IS WRITING AGRICULTURAL
PROGRAMS FOR THE 6800 FLEX EXTENDED BASIC OPERATING
SYSTEM? IF SO I WOULD LIKE TO KNOW HOW TO GET IN
TOUCH WITH THEM. MERLE BERTSCH RT. 1 BOX 137
MILLER, S.O. 57362
«*«
DEAR m. WILLIAMS: I NEED HELP IN LOCATING A DRIVER
FOR A NEC SPINWRITER DUMB PRINTER, MODEL 5501, THAT
WILL BE INTERFACED WITH A SMOKE SIGNAL BROADCASTING
6809 CHIEFTAIN COMPUTER (DUAL 5.25" DRIVES WITH THE
DCB-4A CONTROLLER). CAN ANYONE HELP ME? THAftX YOU
VERY MUCH FOR YOUR TIME ANO COOPERATION. RICHARD
MORRIS 2231 BLAKE AVE. DAYTON, OHIO 45414 (513)
898-0314
DataGhem, he
New Complete Smart Graphics Terminal
60 characlara 32 Hnaa. 612 by 266 point or vector graphics
graan CRT. kayboard. 76. 10.2K baud $066,00
Surplus unused new equipment
MoiOfOta 0*> Qraan phoapltor CAT M20OO-366 $166.00
Camronlca PrkMara 706.00
Charry 'Pro* Kayboarda 120.00
Bin Diak Orlva Cablnata 60.00
ShugaH SAB 50 aoff Of hard aactorad 640.00
POwar Ona CP206
Diak aft a a 6*. 88DO $26 60/ 1
6-1/4HV D3D0 27,00/10
Cnack. monay Ofdar COO
tnqultaa Irwltad
k / 38 W*st CvmtJDrrv. C#m»#/, /rV 46032 *(3t7t 848-7542
68 Micro Journal
Model EP-2A-88
EPROM Programmer
• Eftflytoutc
• Reliable
• Field proven
Fast a» Jackrabblt* . . ♦ W«U, alroosl!
In Austrabd. tuo rabbits can reproduce over 13 million offspring in three *ear*
Ai 105 seconds for 2716V the EP-2A-88 can reproduc« 1.892,160 EPROMS In
three yean. Single push button cvntrol. the EP-2A-B8 check* If EPROMS are
erased . programs and uertfie* Many Jearore*, including s«H test, diagrosba and
audio procnpl.
The EP-2A48-1 wrfll aa^ept Copy (CM) modules (or the 2758. and 2716
EPROMS, Tne EP-2A-8S-2 villi accept aopv modules for the 2716. 2732 and
TMS 2532 EPROMS Pou«r requirements are U5 VAC SO/60 Hertz at 15 **«&.
Pan N<* Description P*t«e
EP2A881 EPROM Programmer $49000
EP-2A88 2 EPROM Proyammer 49OO0
CM 50 Copy Module for 2716. TWS 2516 EPROMS ~ 25,00
CM70 Copy Module for 2758. TWS 2508 EPROMS ,i 25.00
CM ZO Copy Module for 2732 EPROMS : 25.00
CM 20 A Copy Module for 2732A EPROMS „ 33.00
CM40 Copy Module fori MS 2532 EPROMS .... s. 25.00
Non Standard Voyage Option
(Spedf y 220v.24Ow.orl00v) 1500
Optimal Technology, Inc.
Phone (804) 973-5482
Blue Wood 127 Earlysville. VA 22936
Color Computer
SMALL C Compiler
Generates assembly language source output
Requires only 16K memory
Extensive library functions in source code
Supports most C functions
Generates position independent code
Requires 16K. Disk System, Assembler
Price $59.95
TERMS: Check, MCMfa. California residents add 6%.
Foreign or C.O.D. add J 5% for shipping and handling.
<714t 7554373 ff\
dogger's GROunrKiBiivrrEms
POST OFFICE SOX 305 SOLANA BEACH, CA 92075
ROM Packet A variable Soon
STYLOGRAPH
6809
WORD PROCESSING SYSTEM
STYLOGRAPH 2.0
All of the convenience and features for which
Stylograph is well known plus:
• True proportional printing on specialty
printers.
• Fifes longer than memory.
• "Help" command to aid in learning.
• New menu driven, self prompting func-
tions.
• Left and right scrolling for pages larger
than screen.
• Embedded printer control commands
allowed.
• Simplified method for underline, bold
face, superscript, etc.
• Supports NEC, Diablo,Qume, 737, and 739
printers.
• Can be user configured for virtually any
terminal or printer.
$295, manual $15, updates from old versions $180,
STYLOGRAPH 3.0
This version is designed for "tty" printers but is
otherwise identical to version two. It does not
support specialty characteristics such as superscript,
subscript, incremental printing, and proportional
printing.
$195, manual $15, updates from old versions $90.
STYLOGRAPH MAIL MERGE
This program takes files of variables, such as names
and addresses, and inserts them into a Stylograph text
file for automated mail list generation. It will aiso allow
a number of Stylograph text files to be appended at
printout time so that page numbers and headings will
be continuous in the printout.
$125, manual $10.
STYLOGRAPH SPELLING CHECKER
This is a valuable addition to any word processing
application. It checks all words in a manuscript against
an internal dictionary, The dictionary included has a
vocabulary of over '20,000 words and is fully
expandable. New words encountered in the text may
be added to the dictionary making the creation of
custom tailored and foreign language dictionaries a
snap.
$145, manual $10.
When ordering specify operating system (FLEX?"
Uniflex™ ) and disk size. VISA &MC accepted.
20% discount on 3 program order.
STYLO SYSTEMS
H • . 18 WIIIIA-V . ' "4V Mi
716—634-9466
'68* Micro JournaL
43
SUPER SLEUTH
0I9ASSEUBLERS lor ««00/ WB
~amly,« (M00/«/9/Me«O2) o* U-OOJOoO/o)
-•asr-to-v**. «H* #itana.ii» *ai»u«l
-mcfcid** jf«( md nam«-rtianu*r
EACH IN
CROSS-ASSEMBLERS
MACRO M?t to* f BC 0009 ASSEMBLER
-OOnatal* ood« ia# 6«00/1.000».«90?.Z-«0.«0«0/Q
EACH IftO.AHy 1 $100
DEBUGGING SIMULATORS
TABULA RASA
FULL-*C*«EN ElCCTRONtC
SPREAOftMCET lYftTtM
'fc«AA*r tn DtSKTOftjPt AH
(7M DaafctOp COAWultifl)
1100
6502 TRANSLATOR
-tfftn«U|*« B«Q3 ioiuci lo 4109 tourc*
-•aiy-1e-u««, i^ft compf«i«niF,t manual
FULL-SCREEN DISPLAY
FDR XMftiC 0* BOOt, *■•• iwmiitftlt »Ad «4*a bo*P(
-«»«ir<iit him t»»onir»orr»oa, eoworivO 9iD0
f 100
TSC BASIC UTILITIES
~wmt and r«»«qw«nc*f f«* SA>tC, XftABK. PC. *F»C B?&
-tot- «*•'«• XPC or *•#•#* |*nt'ilor B?«
■7ft (ooaaaiu)
«Un op« ••00/1/9
-•a»y-lo-u*'
-far dflOA
i]i|i|ilili]i]i|i]ili]i|i]i|i]i]i|i]i!i]i
COMPUTER SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS
1454 Latta Lane Conyers, GA 30207
Telephone 404-483-1717/4570
Pot QfllfltOQ or datMr Jftior'natto* eonl«p1 Bud Pdaa
f «ch*ab*a VI. K domtar la ComeuMnit *i London
ONLY YOU CAN STOP SOFTWARE PIRACY1
AI proems run under 6609 FLEX - some also run on 6800/1
CALL ABOUT UNIFLF-X VERSIONS OF PROGRAMS
(UN OF LEX ir#d«-TiiP» ThUnkil SfalOMO C«noufl«nia
AN prodrama Provided In aourc* on dm - •Pterin »'/•'. danany, aldaa
For VISA and MAOtER CARO OJyB aooounf, 0x0. dala, phCita
UL •. ItJnOa only — add B\ <I0* ovoraaaa) lor ahteotog
OPon P. O.'t for O IB raiad dllanta only
I B M P A K
FLEX9™ USERS
BRIDGE the biggest CAP In your system
READ/WRITE/FORMAT IBM 3740 DISKS
f*o womrt aoout ASCII - EBCDIC romi#n»m or tMf for ant (aTtetory and flu or?ani* attorn
ItMPAK. r( f HI Amwtm
» irtn all Of fift Of an IBM dH*«tta
• co**n n*n irom iBat dn»«et«i ro Hlx tftumM
a> Format* OHDfl Ha* to aBM itandard
• COO"* Ran from t\t* dK*ett«* CO IBM dH**tY«t
w*tn lOAafAic you* HIM ayttom ran arcru vrtuaty n mm* andtaMcompMiMotyitafm
ecu**** *Kn • men toppv on* orot*
IfJMPAK opom a no* «vgno Ot 4Mi for you
CROSS THE BRIDGE
BETWEEN YOUR MICRO AND THEIR MAINFRAME
lew AM SI 25 00
IFOT5WVK DMAM Of OfFAFJ)
Document icntl Grtly 1 11 00
OrMt inquirid* inviTtd
VtlfVIJAlTf t CMO FHOfJC oaoati
BtTWfCN?*f»M €%t
TKMaaTAi CAU.S B 9 PV
C«1
^ 11 *4l 4MB
©HELIX ENTERPRISES
S04 FORT DRUM DRIVE
AUSTIN. TEXAS 78745
-RJ« - TtxfMtcai *r"om* tomuftann tnc
IBM - fntornarana) Butvam Machar*t
Monty Of da* VWTK - SOUtftwett TBtrwacai ftvdwtt Corporation
68 MICRO JOURNAL PROGRAMS - DISK
Disk-?: FILESORT, MINICAT, MIN1C0PY, MINIFMS,
••LIFETIME, ••POETRY, ••FOODLIST, **DIET.
Dlsk-2: DISKEDIT, PRIME, •PRMOO, **SHO0PY,
••FOOTBALL, ••HEXFAWN, ••LIFETIME, Instr.,
DISKEDIT. REP (patches).
DlSk-3: CBUG09, SECl, SEC2, FIND, TABLE2,
INTEXT, DISK-EXP, *DISKSAVE,
Dlsk-4: FILING PROGRAM, *FIND0AT, *CMANGE f
•TESTDISK.
DISK-5: *D1SKFIX 1, *DISKFIX 2,
••LOVESIGN, ••BLACKJAK, ## 80WLING #
••LETTER,
NOTE: All oro as published or received by 68
Micro Journal, some have fixes and patches.
This Is a reader service only! No Warranty Is
offered or fmpl led, they are as received and are
for reader convenience ONLY. Also 6800 and 6809
prograrns ore mixed, as eech Is fairly simple
(mostly) to convert to the other*
PRICC: 8" Disk S19.95 - 5" Disk JI7.95
68 MICRO JOURNAL
POB 794
Hlxson, TN 37343
615-842-4600
• indicates 6800, •• Indicates BASIC SWTPC or
TSC - 6809 no Indicator.
MASTER CARD - VISA accepted - Foreign add
sufficient postage surface or air 22
44,
68 Micro Journal
6809
RECORD MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
RMS
DATABASE MANAGEMENT
•USER DEFINED RECORD FORMAT VIA DATA DICTIONARY
•SCREEN ORIENTED. FORM FILL OUT TYPE OF ACCESS
•OPTIONAL TWO LEVEL RECORD HIERARCHY
•ALL FILES IN ASCII TEXT FORMAT, BASIC COMPATIBLE
•DIRECT ACCESS 8Y KEY FIELD, MULTIPLE INDEX FILES
•EXTENSIVE DOCUMENTATION, SAMPLE APPLICATION
•VERSATILE, PROFESSIONAL QUALITY REPORT WRITER
•BUILT IN SORT/ MERGE
•EASY TO USE
RMS is a complete DATABASE MANAGEMENT package
for the 6809 computer, h is made up of five machine
language programs that make up the most powerful
business programming tool available for the 6809. It can be
used by the relative novice, to implement an incredible
variety of information storage and retrieval applications,
without any programming. However, the programmer can
use RMS as part of ihe solution to a larger problem, saving
many hours of unnecessary program development time.
RMS can be used to handle data inpul, editing, validation,
on-line retrieval, sorting and printed reports. Custom data
manipulation can be filled in by the user's BASIC programs.
SINGLE CPU LICENSE
FLEX* $200
OS-9 + $250
UNIFLEX* $300
TERMS ISA IMC PREPAID
WASHINGTON
COMPUTER SERVICES
3028 SILVERN LANE
BELLINGHAM. WA 98225
1 4206r 734-8248
In Australia & Southeast Asia, Available Through:
Paris Radio Electronics. 7A Burton St
Darlington, NSW 2010 Sidney Australia
■ f l* w >nd UfcitLtX »r* b«dwn*t» & t«t*mc4 Swtam Conou4ant» Inc .
OS * « m irtOvTwt o# WdoMfi
ACTION GAMES
Trtt 19*19*1 growing producer ol computer gam** tor
your 6809 hit the products you have waited forll
ARCADE GAMES FOR
THE COLOR COMPUTER
«£&**
8e «sei
Feat paced action • Super Hl-Ree Graphic*
Dynemfla aound eUacta • Runs kn 16K ol memory
Theee giniM wUI ■tlonteh you with tftetr OetaM and Qtialily.
Thay aal a itandafd lor other • to Toflow
— ADVENTURES —
Calixto Island • dbc lUlack Sanctum
HtgNy acclaimed by mtown • ChaJtengtog tJtufttorM
Fast. •ffletent machine language • «ima4n 16K ol memory
Sava game *> ptogreee
tm %% r*C tU* aac n
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tcootorco
« 1 1«9»
— MORE COMING SOON —
MARK DATA PRODUCTS
23602 Barqullla Mtwlon Vte+o CA 92691 • (714) 768-1551
■Oil A TH40C vamp Or YANOr CORP
68 Micro Journal
CAIMDA1-CL0C* / tiKEl / PARALLEL P01T
CalandA r - C lock
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Att.obl.d «ad tiitad 1119.95 Kit Mf.»5
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100) Warn landa Dr. SI MM raaldanta add 41 n.
Alhyquafaue, UK «MZ) Aid II SMppto, a Handling
-45
EDITOR/ ASSEMBLER
The Micro Works Software Development System
(SDS80C) is a complete 6809 editoi, assembler and
mondor package contained in one Color Computer
program pack' Vastly superior to RAM-based
assemblers/editors, Ihe SDS80C is nonvolatile,
meaning thai il your application program bombs, it
can't destroy your editor/assembler Plus 1 leaves
almost all ol 1SK or 32K RAM free lor your program
Since all three programs, editor, assembler and
monitor are co resident we eliminate tedious program
loading when going back aitd lotth from editing lo
assembly and debugging!
The powerful screen -oriented Edrtor features finds,
clanges. moves, copys and much more. AH keys haw
convenient aulo repeat (typamalic), and since no line
numbers are required, the lull width of the screen may
be used to generate well commented code
The Assembler features a* ol Ihe lollowing complete
6809 instruction sef, complete 6800 set supported for
cross-assembly; conditional assembly; local labels;
assembly lo casselte tape or to memory, listing lo
screen or printer, and mnemonic error codes instead
ol numbers
The versatile ABUG monitor is a compact version ol
CBUG. tailored lor debugging programs generated by
Ihe Assembler and Editor, it features examine/change
of memory or registers, cassette load and save,
breakpo nts and more. S0S80C Price:
$89 95
MODEM COMMUNICATIONS
Make your Cotor Computer an intelligent printing
terminaf wilh olf-line storage! The Microtext module is
jusl whal you'll need for:
—Talking lo a limeshare system or mlorrnation
service
—Printing out what is received as it is received
—Saving received lexl lo casselte tape
-Re displaying the received text even while on-line
— Communis lions with other computers
—Using your computer as a general purpose
300 baud terminal
—Downloading programs from oilier computers
The Microtext module is a program pack containing
not only firmware bul a second serial port so Iftdt both
your printer and modem can be con necled al the same
time. Microtext can be conhgu red lor any sefiaJ printer
that wtff work wilh Ihe Cokx Computer, even if it
requires line feeds} Bur even 11 you don" I have a
printer, you can keep a permanent copy of your dala
by storing to casselte tape. Also, any Radio Shack/
Centronics-compaiiWe parallel prmler may be used by
adding the Micro Works' PldOC parallel mieilace.
For inose of you wilh special terminal applications,
Microtext has selectable parity: if sends odd, even,
mark or space. With mark parity (when is default) you
can send lo computers requiring either seven or eight
bite. All 128 ASCII codes can be sent. Exchange
programs with other Color Computer users* Bask:
programs may be downloaded Irom oilier computers
or timesharing systems
You'll lind many uses for Ihis versatile module!
Available in ROMPACK, ready-lo-use, for $59 95
MACHINE LANGUAGE
MONITOR TAPS: A cassette tape which allows you to
diredfy access memory, I/O and registers wilh a
lormatted hex display. Greal lor machine language
piogramming, debugging and learning It can also
send/receive RS232 at up lo 9600 baud, including
host system download/upload. 19 commands in all.
Relocatable and reentiant. CBUG Tape Price: $29 95
MONITOR ROM: The same program as above,
supplied in 2716 EPROM This allows you lo use the
eniire RAM space. And you don'l need to re-load the
monitor each time you use il The EPROM plugs into
the Extended Basic ROM Sockel or ihe Romtess Pak I
CBUG ROM Price: 539,95
SOURCE GENERATOR This package is a disas-
sembler which runs on me color computer and gener-
ates your own source listing of the BASIC interpreter
ROM AJso included t$ a documentation package
which gives vselul ROM enlry points, complete
memory map, I/O hardware details and more. A 16K
system is required for Ihe use of Ihis casselte. 80C
Disassembler Price: $49.95
LEARN 68081
6809 ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE PROGRAMMING, by
Lance Leventhai. contains Ihe most comprehensive
relerence material available for programming
your Color Computer Prtca: $15.95
3SK RAM!
MEMORY UPGRADE KITS: Consisting of 4116
200ns. integrated circuits, with instructions lor
installation 4K-16K Kil Prtca: $39.95. 16K-32K Ml
(requires soldering experience) Prtca: $39.95
PARALLEL O!
USE A PARALLEL PRINTER wilh your Color Computer!
Adaptor box plugs into Itie serial port and allows use of
Cemrontcs/ Radio StidCK-Compatible printers wilh par
alfel interface. Assembled and tested P180C Plica:
$69 96
ROM LESS PAK I — is an empty program pack capable
of hold i ng two 27 16 or 2732 EPROMS, allowing you up
to 3K ol program* The PC board inskJe comes wilh
sockets installed, ready lo go with ihe addition ol your
custom EPROMs. Prtca: $24.95
SPARE PARTS - SAMs. 6809ES. RAMs, PtAs,
Call tor prices
GAMES
Slsr Blaster — Blast your way
through an asteroid field in ihis
action-packed Hi-Res graphics game)
Available in ROMPACK. requires 16K Plica:
$39,95
Pak Attack — Tiy your hand al this challenging game
by Compuierware, with fantastic graphics, sound and
action! Cassette requires 16K Plica: $24.95
Benerte — Have fun zapping robots wiin Ihis Hi-Res
game by Mark Date Products. Casselte requires 16K
Pta: $24,95
Adventure — Black Sanctum and
CaHXto island by Mark Data Products
Each cassette requires 16K
Price: $19.95 each
THE
MastarChargarVlsa Accaplad
CaltJomla fegltfanli add 0% tax.
^©[S® !m ^ GOOD STUFF!
^/©[SCSS 3 P.O. BOX 1110. DEL MAR. CA 92014 (714] 942-2400
JPC PRODUCTS FOR
6800
COMPLTKRS
USES
OWE
I/O
SLOT
16 CHANNEL A/D BOARD
• 8 BIT OATA
• SOFTWARE CONTROLLED GAIN
• 3300 SAMPLES PER SECOND
• ± 0.7% ACCURACY
COMPLETE KIT: AD-IB $69.95
T«rmi: Cash, MC or Vi»a; Shipping €r Handling #3.00
^JPC product*
Order Phone (505) 294-4623
P.O. Box 5615
Albuquerque, N.M. 87185
*OS9 Application Sot iwore
Specialty Electronics, Inc.
GENERAL LEDGER
with
CASH JOURNAL
Tr* 9^ra m&ym * *• c*n*« of *« SocvUy |ttc*«y^i *t»oc«%e
Accounting Sv**m mfr> ** ooc*o0» you cat
1 mrtf CkAjQOi #>— » and ysct^o t*J>ww><i *> <ct>oui Q'<ot>
2 D*An# occourf *om«t ipocrng eo»*0>r^ n#aO/\Qt one KC«cc«a/tf»
3 format »o«c»o( «cam and pf ■** ovcv^fpn
4 ffetf Oy *>ar«d COJJ* fcASnoL or by u»*>0 *»• mt«0Ct<v9 aonootl t«o*NOD<«
povob* cpTd pwoh
6 PtGvid* a ct«ar audit htm ta oil «nfr>*t
t *W* data tn on *otv *J tote* fomio*
7 um tor rr\>m cafnoony aocounf *XJ **»*x/» moa4>oc*on
G*>»of t*dg* ucoe* SJOQOO
ACCOUNTS QECEJVABIE
*m Ac cour<i &* LB ** JU 9 oan o» toitcvea «h* o rrwiT^w of icno m>«>! m»nt
1 R*gi*V *<wcng ooc*l <JH3 ao*» n^mot M» Orxd cxrtd ooyn«rd»
2 piotfrttrte &u*^a. and oovm«>i»
3 Agr^O OTP*»iodiK>«cif>«dOyih*vj»«i
5 StoWn»M» art gywjfd ]«r*\j rv<*.*xofl >r*oc4i ono o*fdt« oma^ti
toiotoo by oowtq a3»»Q»v
G ToUn%»ow^>'ir<iMn»o^wt^j»OQywrfmo» y>OP^O cno»o»f^a»fc<
cona^a M nuj » t » and poMvd *o varaa occounn
Account! o»c**ofii» „ WW 00
INVENTORY
1h* Spooany E*c*cr»a irtfrwctrv* AcC0u*«*g Syiiam m%»n^»v Con*oi
Package po*os* ne t»tt to mm)H» ai^d of a io/ge and ocrtv« mvanJOry.
proMdng
1 Reporti kx Quantise* on rood quart? a 91 on order octMty and nervy o**'
ca»»gon#t
CompJt***!
2 Cc«npit4«i(«motsc'jpfK)ricc»«govo7oup^»^x7('9(rta^>drv»0'Otf octm
imqv auonM**. flic
5 Vt>to *&J and rvcorcoton o^»c***v*
*««nfcyv Ccwftx* i-ood* * ....... .........♦*,. ...,,,„.,,,►. S29900
PAYROLL
with
ACCOUNTS PAYABLE
COMfNG SOON
COST ACCOUNTING
COMING SOON
Complete Documentation 5 1995
'OS9 ono So»c0* am trademark » of Microwatt inc and Molotolo Co»p
(40o)233 1632 • PO So* 541 ■> 2110W Wllow • Enid. OK 73701
'88' Micro Journal.
STAR-KITS
6800 HARDWARE
SBC-02 single board computer uses 6802 with RAM
ROM, I O Ideal controller, intelligent interface, and
more Printed circuit board is $25, complete controller
kit $75, wrred and Tested $150 Also available HUM*
BUG (see below), Basic *n ROM etc
CT- PS serial parallel interface card AClA-type interface
for RS-232C terminal and or a parallel keyboard Makes
keyboard look like a terminal with absolutely no program
patching Ideal for video board based systems Bare
board $20 complete kit SS5. wired Si 00
6800 AND 6809 FIRMWARE
6800 HUMBUG monitor. Totally MIKBUG compatib e,
plus single- stepping, multiple breakpoints, formatted
memory dumps, multiple port control and more. "Fanlas-
ticl" say our customers. 2K version $40 on 2708 or 2716
EPROM with source listing. Alternate versions, including
video board versions available.
6809 HUMBUG-09 has all the features of 6800 HUMBUG
and more. Not just a compatible monitor, but a debugging
package and system I/O manager as well. Two ROMs,
manual and full program listing tor $75. Also available in
video board versions.
6800 AND 6809 SOFTWARE
BASIC UTILITY PACKAGE renumbers pretty-prints
prints variable and transfer indexes, compares, shor-
tens Basic programs On Percom or mmiFtex* disk for
$30
CHECK 'N TAX balances your checkbook ftnds errors,
prepares income tax data On Percom, mmiFiex' Flex
2 0' or Flex 9* d»sk for $40
SORT-MERGE— the only one lor Percom d»sk systems,
sorls even full-disk files S35
NEWTALKfor your 6800 or 6809 system makes it talk to
you. This memoiy dump utility outputs through a music
board or any PI A poit $30 on Percom or Flex 2/9 disk, or
cassette.
6600 CROSS-ASSEMBLER written m Basic Assemble
6800/6802 programs on your new 6809 (or your 370 at
work 1 ). Available on 5 disk. KC cassette, or TRS-80
Level II cassette tor $9 95
GAME PACK with Eliza and 3*0 T»c Tac Toe 5 disk or
KC cassette $15
Send s.a.s.e. for catalog. For detailed information, buy
any manual for $5 and get $6 credit toward purchase. (* is
a trademark of Technical Systems Consultants.)
STAR-KITS, P.O. Box 209, Mil. Klsco NY 10S49
.47
INFOMAG - DBMS
Info rmation Management by Groups
A versatile Data Base Manager for FLEX" & UniFLEX
• Data
base may
contain multiple
master files
Inventory
Order Entry
Customer Lists
Demographic Data
Flex version for 6800 or 6809 with 8" disk
UniFLEX version allows multiple users on
one data base
• Any master Hie can have
multiple index or group files \ Accounting
• User configurable reports ^W Mail List
Patient Records
Written in TSC XBASIC
• Reports may draw from one or two
data bases
Data base easily updated
• All operations recorded in an Audit Trail file for
historical purposes
,Uses Standard Record 10 & Virtual
Array Files
Library Records
Geographic Data
Site Records
Payroll
Great Plains Computer Company, Inc.
P.O. Box 916, Idaho Falls, ID 83402
(208) 529-3210 — Visa or Mastercard Welcome
FLEX* UmFLEXa»e
Ksttcmttrksor
Technical SyMerns
Consultant**
JPC PRODUCTS FOR
6800
COMPUTERS
High
Interface
• f AST . 4800 Baud Loads 4K in 8 Seconds)
• REUABil . Error Rate Less Than 1ml0* Bvtes
• CONVENIENT • Plugs Directly Into The BWTPC.
• PLUS • A Fully Buffered 8 Bit Output Port Provided
• LOW COST . 359.95 For Complete Kit.
• OPTIONAL . CFM/3 File Manager
Manual b Listing $19 95
(For Cassette Add) $ 6 95
TERMS CASH MC <v VISA Sftipptng & Handling Si 00
OPC product!
Order Phone (505) 294.4623
P.O. Bom 5615
Albuquerque, N.M. 87185
4a.
EPROM
PROGRAMMER
Shown *n«si»mTii*ri EPROM not included
1 f 1 i " L,
For single supply 2516. 2716 $ 2758 EPROMs. Connects through
a user supplied interface to any computer system Inter-
facing requires two 8 bit ports plus handshake lines. One of the
ports must be soltware controllable tor inpul or oulpul T iming is
done via hardware, thus is independent ol MPU clock rale Verify
erased. Program — entire or partial. Auto verify after program-
ming. Transfer contents lo RAM for modifying or duplicating.
Select Documentation lor: Interlace tot
6502 6820 PI A or 6522 VIA
6800 6820 PtA
6809 6820 PtA
eOBOffiOSSWO 8255 PPI
Comf*«n«rt4ive docume*U>Uon ooofclol •pnWns »c^«<tu1*C. in»lruclJ0<\t lo» oontlruc
Iiqiv crxck-OMl and u». and a «*!l aorvrwAtod auambiy ikttiftQ 10» ir* spaCilied MPU
Complete Kil of parts (includes ZlF socket) $ 45 00
Bare PC board and Documentation $ 25.00
Software listings for additional MPUs
IwHthpurcnaSdOiKUorPC&oard) .,..,,, ,,,..,,,,$ 5,00
Offering SoaciivMPU ArJd^fcfor P*K Owo«OM>OK9% Ant<a»*v*l»add3%U*
Micro Technical Products, Inc.
814 W Keating Ave Oepl J
Mesa. Arizona 85202 • 602*838-0902
68 Micro Journal
ALFORD AND ASSOCIATES - GOOD NEWS!
!
n«E QUE
ANNO- DOMINI* NINETEEN* NIHHMEO • EIGMTY.ONE
TUlSMTr OECEHiEN lit.
COLOR COMPUTER TALKSI
ilford Ik Associates i« now abipplcc ivn
SP-1 »£P£AAEt PACK" for lb* Aadio Shack
Color Coaputer. Tbe $*- 1 plug* directly
into tbe AOS-pacb alot . tod It* us* re-
quires co stiieg, «oeputer niittcitlcn
or eUcltMlCa knowledge*
Tb* soJieir* provided gl*w* your coapo-
ter tbi power of apooco using eoihiag
•tore IUb basic P»*k ud Poke state-
sjestst Tbe SP-1 can add a ass dlswaoloe
to your csaeo, tau*loesO prog rasa or CAI
drtlle. Ju«t about may application ess
benefit fro* to* «P-l>
T** 5P»l allows ue Hatted speech. Also,
tbe SP-1 require* leas awaory overhead
for a pee eh tbu any other type of us-
llailed vole* *ratheela*r on the nutat
today. Typically. f«*«r by tea or elor-
Ag* are needed tbaa the eOulvslsbt •!»■
b»r of lelfejs in Ipffl isfe Taut! Baai«
dais stalsSeels iut(t«c to store post
any teat you »aall Also, so aaxhine tan*
cuaax routines *r* seeded to drive id
The SP-1 moss altb ii^lv aoflware la
Saatc to doaooetrat* ibt PO»*r of tblt
faataelic dtvlcf. Altord'i ev*n sup-
plies a vera ion oi their V0S^EX>I1OT lo
allow User* ebo hare 101 of eassary lo
Mill speech file* quickly and tuilf
(tAlebdad Basic la WT required >l
Tb* SP-1 includes a coapr*b**slv* aae-
ual wbicb provide! spvecb tbeory, um
of taw Included eoriwar*. paaoea* code
charts, aaapla prOgraae and aveb aorPt
GOMPUTBRS SPEAK T1XT!
il ford's ban bees oo tb* loottMl tor a
food »pwcb coovertor Orocraft for as*
■ lib Ibair 9P-1 ud VS-1 speech aVolU*-
■livri. asd report baVia* finally found
It! The pro*fa* lakes abolish t«at lo
ASCII Inn. S9*wtLi il, and tbCfi dir-
■ ctly ilrivit the syntbealatr' By sand-
ing the appropriate control codes, you
cu even niiidi between tc*t coovora Ion
or speaking letter* or aphakias etralrbl
pbosew* Lptoraalloat
Tb* standard v* r *10* la dnalgoed to work
Jb«i !»*• DUTCH or OUTKIt. In all cod* a,
you call tfte convener with ct.aractara
lb tU* *-WCISTsB. In contortion and*,
cbarnctara *r» bccu&t* IsteO until a «crd
ta coapl«t«. then It ta converted, aba
MpoAap^ la letter aao> each, character 1*
Irtiatod aa as ASCII clurautor aad pro-
aoueecd. I a p boor Be aode. each cbaracler
la treated a* a alnal* iofl«ct«d pb
fh# Color CoaPut^r Karnltm ia av<« ■■■.
I«r to V*a« 0Q«« loadX), H**ic b** a o#»
varb — 9*T. Tv bh lb* coovtrtcr, yo«
• l«Plr 4** tb« cooma&J to «tti tm cea>-
pmty r tal k; *.«,« SAT "THIS 19 A OXPl-
TCB 5PEECE 1ZS7" . and the Color Comput-
er -lilt
TEIK-69, COLOR TH IK
Ever atflr-t- Alford'a int<
laat year, ire'vw dtaa makl£S than to do
a re r* loo for MM unri and for Ibe ova
T*»-M Color Coapster. Tbay aald taal
tber pould b+v* . but ibeir old toae^biw
computer wd « brlibt ahlay mtor»-b»*i«bt
one attffii isol b*t* b««D cOaCalttkla.
lalhar toan t^ka a chAeo* . tbor hold ott
Btll tboy decided on vhleh ayateaa tbey
raBt«4 x» buy. veil, laoir finally decid-
ed, and at last, ovr v^abae hav« cowa
trueT
if you Jura a **£*»« T-li A PFEP lit SPLAY tbta
TsZA-«« or TftQ~6i mr* tor yog. IT yo«
h*r* a color coaput*r altb J&K anmry
(Mteodtfd BepiC nt»t n^uir^4>. ttmo you
abould **k for COtOK-TatA,
Tbex took the c I saalc i rak-caae asd re-
wrote U coavietelr in asaeably code,
raklaA II Mil 0£JU.-T*Mi. Tbs f«sall
ia. at f«el. lb* fliw-i TEA-*. K>*=- avail-
able'
Cneay dsatroyera cbss* yoe evea am. you
aove etwut tbe quaHraot . T(Ntr wuitiple
Pittl* plaas aaka tbaa hard to eviowl
You dodaw torpetlrea and r*l^m fir*.
0«asC« la auat Bleed aad repslrs oe«ux **
you play. a-MMea flash cat sad off.
AAata, all Is RZAL TIsZ'
&soc difficulty terwle run frca 51s?Ls
(for brclnwxw) lo a Itrrl wfoicb. to onr
^acTWleew, oa ly oo* person older thas tb«
auibor hleealf hu eucc«wd>d. in eluolbC)
Tblt la not a MttPle flsae. Tke beat aifl-
aias ttap recorded for tbe aeful 5VIC1DC
o»»rl«* is tw«Qi>-Dlne alo«.t«e. Tbo fast-
eat lose ee bsve «e«n occurred ta only
eleven setosdst
B*-n a HSUORf-SAPFZD DIBPIAT7 Tbws all
w» can sea 1*. »by bavea't you TKEK-odTI
SPEAKER BAKE EOAEDS!
Alford asd Acecctstas irceally lowared
lae price oe l*-ti VS-l ay&lhwalser. A
cstapaDy apOkSaesb ataiad (bat tbe redac^
tloe wae due to tbe treat raspocaa Ibat
tbe 96-5o coaaunity hss given tbe board.
Jtoa tbey are going ose a.lep further. Ton
ess Sfi* buy a be/w bjerdt aasui.l, disk
or «y»tbcnia*'f- chip e«9*?rately. See the
price lis I for del si la.
Alford fi» Assoc.
P.O. Box 6743
Richmond, Va.
23230
804-320-6722
HEW SCHEIE EDITOR!!
ftoea your tersaoal nsvt as ssdreaaable
euxwOr like tba Scoc tQ-lJC* Boca your
larslOtl ecrotl eboa you do a svs Ul«
os tbe bottoa lias? Ooae your ter»lBsl
run tull-a*»t<M? xt sot. Iben yno sbirulo
Skip tbl« a4» Ctoerwlee. you way be
ready for SCEZDlTOt II H
Sow would you lis* ss asttor thst all]
bsodlc a 2&2-Coluaa apread abeet? br oae
that allow* you to a*T* asrfflaa »«rwt»f*
sbd at any tittw'? «r lb»i haadlea true
aulil.salusB edll job* like tilt psAS?
Of thst forest a twat a* J/CU type? Or
th*i alloea you ta act or cl**r tab* at
say tlaa. saywoer*. witb a ii«ll« ke/-
atrok«-r $C*AHlTOb III CAS',
Lis* to bo able to define ebal alocl*-
««)' oporatlana yau do altb whs I a Ingle
fceyeT Or for Ibat natter, east Cueaaod
JUap* you eant to glre Ibe cfwimsmlf
VQC CA* «ltl SCRfiPITQg lit 1
Wouldn't it be Rice to bo able in define
up to i«eaiy-el» editing aicros, altb a
ascro l*Ogt& of up to 1000 characters?
Or to be able to ais cosaanda . ep«ra>
tiwt and test, all la tb« Bsae aacrot
Or <svoa u» dlaplsy ssd edit too fescm*
tswssolYwa Jhs; liks test"* Or ear* asd
10*4 your aacro* froa disk fllea7 tfOC
CAV WITH SCKtDITt* lilt
Row about file tisadiiB*. «ould ywi lib*
tO edit USllBlteO^BlSOd tllwS^ Ct to bw
able ta reee: aeleclcd lloo* out el now
file into snotber? Or bow about condi-
tional previewed rsadlac to let VOO ***
tbo liana before loserting tboa? Or be
able lo wr?ta lines wUt to He* flUlT Or
to tpwcliy eber* to siut readlnc or
wfittbg. sod bo* sac b at a tie*, ssd bow
assy Tiaoar You caji *itb screditob nil
Tbink about It. Tblrty-two coo l ro ] -*od>>
Operalloas. About fiftV olber cowaasda .
■Ad tbe auaber ta eYo*totf. Ywvlv*- jnati-
ficatlOD cosnand* alono* OSVt »ITH THE
ALL-XX% 9CPJSZTQM ill,
Ae IT el] Of tbta, and wocb nwre tbsO we
bave rec*> for h*re . isn't Ho^b, ibis
new editor 1* available far TtRX 1.0,
rtxi a.o r not-o, ooeaa asd 00509) oa~»
veralooa lo bo available OOOO raayb* as
you read Ibta, area!).
la talstng tn Jobs Jilford. prop»l«tor ul
Alford and Associates. *o were lold the::
be ia tired ol Irlllec editors. U» ladi-
ealee thai be know* only two way* to
atop, £*t Out of the buslneM. or writs
tbe ultlaat* editor. It deuao't IPOOay
ibat be 1* fotoK nut of bu*J«*fl» *90a.l
If tbla hsaa'C convinced jToo that you
anoteld be usins SCRSSITOB ill. lb** call
or writ* for aant detail*, or for tb*
coaplst* SCKOITOA* 111 *p*c abeet. OUT
only uunstloo la, wby <mitiiitio to edit.
•Java you ess acMDJT*
SCb(blT#ft 1X1 i* available for onet aer-
ial t*r*4DBl*. and alt «*««ry -aspped
dlopWa. BSOO sad 6*09 varslBaa are
r**dy aow'
SSB DOS UTILITIES
ss ssay of you ksoa, tenks Sicsal aroao-
eaatleg'a DOS la nun of the beat around.
There was. bowtrver, one tblog w* felt to
be lscktoa. . .dtak nape*)
Alford «sd Associates bam finally found
bow to go about naalng a disk la a aec»
deetracliva aad aoeur* way, sad atarted
ta write boost utilities using tbe dlak
lnfomsttoa record. Tsolr MAJaE utility
allows you lo nssa your dtaks. Tbe lo-
forsstioo sector loclud** tbe disk <sa**.
aerial auabor. croatton date, last op>
date date, a coswatoi fl*ld. sod last but
not loaat. » dlak file acotee coo>.
Tb* ikcii cod* led lb*a to tbe second
procraa. LOCK. 01 lh (bin Progrsa you ess
srile, delete, asd U3T IOCS, yevr files!
ifatn tbelr tlST procrao, tbo lint.loebed
ft lee do act Hat ustosa yoa giro the
access code for lb* disk I In sdditlos.
you do not ftato to look at a pi ie or
itsnai«ot coamaDds odleda yoo wast to,
as Ul** alio** jrou to option tb* Hating
for COTlala files. tlST eves latn you
list tbe disk Inrnraatlon reoordi
Tb* UPDATIS prograa letb you ebange tb*
Information recurdl Tbey alaO InClfiAe
PVRGK to c leas up disk*. OVMP to sake
pretty core losjee* . aad TITLE to print
title pagan <* all ol rour Haling*.
Tbe UTILITIES '1 dlak is available for
0OS68 . version* 4.0 asd up. and for all
veratona or OOSSi. The annual Itaolf la
a rood reason for buying Ibtn package,
aa it hae a batcb or InfoTantlloa oo iS8
diok atmclure.
PRICE LIST
SP-1 $POuTEH--PACX, orajPLsTC . L S170.O5
SP-1 sA«,'AL OJTLT ..,,,., 10.96
V«-l SPZAXES. COaTLXTI .... tlA*,*S
VS-1 OAKS BOAAD 0XLY . . . . , IB.**
VS-l wASVAk 0W.T ....... l*.w>
V5^l Vt>X-n»lt PBOCaAk kU;IC «».* 24. *5
V&.l rOsvAt. {*A£0. CHIP, DISK lOP.fti
VS-1 aSTSsSLQ) , t»S8 SC- 01 . , 120, »
8C.01A SYSTtXSIZAB CEIP .... gb.OO
SC»l/dw00 5F&SCH TaAMLATrss . . J3&. 95
SC-1/6S09 SP8&CH TfcAXSLATOR . . 2».9$
ac-l/COLOd SPtSCE TfUSSLATCA . 1».$5
ttUi-ea DISK. KAWAL . . . . . >£4.hS
T8BA-ew DISK. SAWAL . . . . , 3|,H
COtOR-TEZX CASSETTE, XAOTAL . . 14.9b
MA9VAL 0»T. A9T OP ABOVE , . , p«9b
SSB DOS »7TlLiTL££ PL PISS „ . i $34. OS
scsxoiToe tiuuos oisit, majwal seb.os
SCbsiOITOfl IH/bbOO l>:3k. manual A*. OS
SCHtDJTOw III HA*?*!, OkXT . . . 24.SS
V*tC% Or UAWAL P^nXVASLC OM skt oanXA.
psiccs waiter to chaws hItjpxt *rtics.
ss svks ro spscirr tn«s siza. oPdATUic
S79TK* AW PEOCESSOw Y»P* VK£H OSSPllbO.
TEE LAST WOED...
tbi* y*ar <our third) bs* booa tb* woat
aaccnwsful *v*r. I would ltb* to lake a*
opportunity to tbaok otir nsay fib* cu*-
loeer* for ibeir support *»d Maderstand-.
tng,
Host of all tbougb. I would lika to •*-
proas "r tbtak* to Ood. *bo 1a tbe a*j r
-Aasoeiata" la ay buskoess. At tbt* tie*
et year It sea as especially appropriate
ta pause to gtvw tbssks aad to ruaaabw r
tb* sany airael** wbtcb B* ban pwrforotd
for all oi ut*. Too ofteo. *» tab* "1*
graos for grsttad.
la ttxte aeaaos, •• *«labrat* tbo eiraci-
or lb* a tern a I llcht sad li* alracle et
tbe blrtb of tb* sesaish. Sotb at and for
hope for the buaao race. Bath aland for
Cod's light la our life. Aad both shew
Eta lor* for ua, lo thst Ho provides for
eur seeds la staOp we?*» especially ts
tlae* of darkness.
1 pray tbat tb tbla anjil year, ay walk
witb Mia will lead a* clOwer to ibe
place Ho esnla a*, and that I Bight be-
<oap etva bottor abl* to serve every ono
of you. ay custoarra. I also Uope fbat
each boo of you *ill pray for aa» asd ay
I sally so that we aitfbt grow as be waste
ua ts. sad Ibat we aigbt b* aore worthy
of yanr patro&age.
Tassk yoo again, 1* low asO lo prayer,
froa ail of us, cad especially tros.
Joss L. Alford (proprieior^
^slly An** Alford <ao*t *vwi7tblns •]*•!
Alford and Associates
0BIBEAL IHFO
All el Alferd'a software I* available
oe 3- or S-xoch dlak esoepi she re noted.
Also, eacept sbere noted, all softwaf*
la aval labia for PlXX 1.0. FLEX 2,0,
rui-9. UO360 or OOAAw. Verslosa for
OS-w or* coalog *oon. Software orders
•r* Oorafclly ablPP*^ aitbln tnroe day*.
Qsrdaaro n»* froa atock to SO daya.
Tou ahould add 9b for sblppisg on a&y
order vsaar S100. Alford'e paya snipping
over S100. Overseaa or^ertk add 110 Tor
air aail delivery. Virginia res Ideate
sdd 41 eelea las, Any order r*cel>'*d
nltbout ehippiog or tas fwbere applica-
ble) all) b* returned unfilled. 0n!**»
you specify otberwln*. shipping la by
(/PS lb tbo V.S.
Alford + » sccoPIS Uastafcard, Visa. OOS's
or cb*cka la Co, foods, Ops* aCcosDl
order* by prior arrabCeaenl «oiy, P*t-
aonal ebeck> auy delay ehipplua by t«o
or three weeks.
Flea le a Xrafl*avtr* Of TwcbOlca) Syaiaas
Coe*«ltaata. T*s-M aad Color Coapyt*r
are tr*dta-xk» of tbe Tandy Corporation,
Oft-ft i* s irsoeaarv. of hUcrownre Systnss
Corporation.
Boot people don't realise It. hut tbe
total national debl In tbla country la
just bow paaaisc one. trillion astlnrs.
Todsj'e *OOooBlals tea 1 1 ua tost tbla ia
ebv *o have inflation, what they don't
1*11 you le that lb* total debl la tb*
private sector I* over alb* trillion
BV<<*r*l T> -crest oo tbe Private
*s t c appr* 'lately
RiraoSb <KP). 70dsp. 4« year old Barley
g. Aussiuiat waa observed bit tng a aoocfet
do£ lo uosro* Park, when ask d by ibis
reporter what prOorpted auch a aLacolar
activity, Sarloy replied that be bad
bee* cooing to lb* Park delloy for
fifteen year*, and thst o* e»cb asd
every outto K . tb* *>* had hi itea hla. 41
1st* *«* would atasd a" -"4 *
* la kind
PKCT e*rn*B», AA — This reporter
previously or tbe Opinion that be
see evwrytbimc. but found that cn«re
trulf scaastblai: new under the man,
tbe bosorablo Senator Bilge °Uap
caught in tbe v*rv act nf tnllieg
tr-vitb to hte conalltuaala.
"Vs qtierlwd about
Softaaro piracy coete each Ol us. boat
people do* n realtas that to* reason
that satch of ibe available seriware
cost* wfli*. it does * imply because tbe
writer baa to iocrwas* tbe prlco of hia
product to Bake up for tbe lost a a lea
wbiCs result froa people who think tb*y
*/♦ doing a aooj* ^d for a trlead. A
'•^catlvw le that '*•
Pil 14,2m. 70S
DISK DRIVE WOES?
PRINTER INTERACTION?
MEMORY LOSS?
ERRATIC OPERATION?
Don't
Blame The
Software!
Power Line SplKea, SurQas *
Hesh could o« the culprit
Flopp+ea. printer*, memory A processor oflen interact! Our
patented ISOLATORS eliminate equipment Interaction AND curb
damaging Power Line Spikes, Surges and Hash
• ISOLATOR (ISO-1) 3 filler lao sled 3-pnxig sockets: integral
Surge/Spili* Suppression; 1675 W Maximum toed. 1 KW load any
sockVt S62&S
• ISOLATOR (IS0.2> 2 filler Isolalad 3-wortg socket bank*; (6
sockets totsl); Integral Splke/Surga Suopfeaalon; 1675 W Max
oad, 1 KW either bank 163.95
» SUPER ISOLATOR (IS0.3V similar to ISO 1 except doub e
t lltarf no A Suppress Ion 194.95
• ISOLATOR (ISO 41 similar to ISO 1 except unit baa 6
Individually llllsred sockets $106.95
• SUPER ISOLATOR (ISO 11) e mllar to ISO 2 except double
tmarlrw ♦ Suppression 194.95
• CIRCUIT BREAKER, any model (edd-CB) . . , Add $ 6,00
- CKT BHKfrSWlTCH/PILOT{-CBSr Add S 1600
AT YOUR
DEALERS
MasterCard, Vlsa t Amertcen Expres
Order Toll Free t^00-22S4A76
{axcepi AK. HI. PR & Canada)
£Ef2 Electronic Specialists, Inc.
itt Sd-ufft W«in Utrrft NtaHeJ H«ti 0!f£0
Technical & No n 800 1 617655 1532
68000
Many of you have asKed when we are going to introduce
68000-based products, and on which bus structure. We
are pleased to announce our first modular unit for 6B000
systems — a 128Kb memory board with VEKSABUS™ *
compatibility. This is one of a range of VEKSABUS
compatible modules that we plan for 1982. We are also
watching developments on the VM£ bus, and may offer
products for that bus should sufficient demand develop.
• VEKSABUS Hug-compatible
• 128Kb with Parity Generation and Checking
• Two 64 Kb blocks Addressable to any 64-K boundary
(in any combination of supervisor data/progiam or
user data/progiam areas)
• LED STATUS LIGHTS indicate the following hardware
conditions:
4 Power Supplies functioning Properly
2 Memoiy Block being Accessed
I Address Parity Error
t - Data Parity Error
• Price — only $2295
°VtKSABUS is a Trademark ol Motorola Inc.
SMOKE SIGNAL BROADCASTING
31336 Via Colinas • Westlake Village. CA 91362
(213)889-9340
MAGIC SPELL»~X
Now your 6600 or 6609 system can proof-read your text tiles
and fix your spelling and typographical errors in just minutes.
MAGIC SPELL 7n compares each word in your file against a
dictionary, displays or prints every word not found, and lets
you correct it on the spot. The result is an error-free text within
minutes.
MAGIC SPELL is wnltefi fDr the nontechnical user. It has
several options, including listing to a terminal or printer, cor-
recting or marking errors, adding new wor (toio Ihe dictionary,
or generating a custom dictionary to fit your writing sytlle.
Although it comes with a complete maiftjal which explains
every option in plain language, MAGfC SPELL prompts for all
the information ft needs so even beginners can use it without
constantly referring to the manual.
MAGIC SPELL** is extremely fast and compact. It will run in
systems as. small as 16K, can correct documents up to ten
limes larger than available memory, and reads text at a rate of
about ten pages per mwmle. MAGfC SPELL® is in stock now
for Technical Systems Consultants" MiniFlex, 6800 Flex, and
6809 FleK, as well as for Percom Disk systems. 0S-9 and SSB
versions will be available soon. It is available in two versions:
MAGIC SPELL I is for the general user It comes with a
10.000 word dictionary, and costs $89 29. This is the version
we ourselves use.
MAGIC SPELL II Is for the professional writer who demands
the very best. It contains sever I speed enhancements, and
features a 75,000 word dictionary. This version is available
only for 6609 systems, and costs $239 29
Mi
STAR-KITS
P.O. Bo* 209
Klsco* New York 10549
(914) 241-0287
FLEX-UNIFLEX UTILITIES-
COMPUTERIZED
DICTIONARY
•CHECK SPELLING IN ANY TEXT FILE
•AUTOMATIC CORRECTION OF MISSPELLED WORDS
•CORRECT MISSPELLED WORDS INTERACTIVELY,
IN CONTEXT
•ADD WORDS TO DICTIONARY FILE WITH ONE
KEYSTROKE
SCREEN DESIGN AID
•CREATE SCREENS INTERACTIVELY
•DEFINE CONSTANTS. INPUT, OUTPUT. AND
UPDATE FIELDS
•GENERATE EXECUTABLE BASIC PROGRAM
•CREATE DEMO PROGRAMS QUICKLY
•CHARACTER BY CHARACTER EDITING
DAVIDSON SOFTWARE SYSTEMS
PO OOK 21007 LAN5W6. MICHIGAN 43900
PHONE: 5I7-??2»S989
WRITE OR PHONE FOR FREE BROCHURE
50
68' Micro journal
ELEKTRA CABINET
Mode of heovyweighr O03CT itilck olurninum
hterfor Size; 16-1/2" wide by 21*7/6* tfeep x 6%V4" high
Heovy duty AC line cord
AC toe holder
EMIWIrer
Pon with oprtond Alter
OockponeJ hoi lOajroA/Btor'D" typedoto oonneoTtt
Froof panel has key on/off power switch, 2 Uummared push buron*
(Reset and NMl/Aborr), and 2 a/tours for 51/4" floppy drtves.
WWiout power Aupply. £250.00
WHh 1 10v power suppfy. disk regulator board
or two fillet pJoresj M 50.00
WHti 220V power supply, disk regulator board
or two Me* ptores: (500.00
POWER SUPPLY
Higher quoliry linear power supply conservaitveV roied or 1 5o @ 6v,
3a@ 16v, 3o@ -16v
3 primary input* ro odjus* for light, medium, and heavy loodrng
110vverton: $175,00
220v venJork S225.00
DISK REGULATOR BOARD with cables
ftrwen 2 51/4" floppy drMr* 150
niter (fon): % 10.00
ELEKTRA CPU 6/9
Choke of 6608 or 6600 CPU
(6609 b software compoiibJe wiih ihe 6800 or ihe opcode le\*l)
rxvia
3 2716lipfOTTtt
6609ADC*£SS 6906ADDA£»
Eprom #0
Eprom *2
Eprom *1
lKSoo!cY*odnAM
MC6640 TriP»e Timer
F600-FFFF ond E00OC7FF
R)0OF7FF
E600EFFF
A400-A7FF and A00OA3I7
6200-6207
FflOOfFfF
F000-F7FF
E60X>EFfF
E400-E7FF
E210€217
MC1441 1 Ooud Rote Generator producing baud rotes of.
low Range 1 10, 150, 300. 600, 120Q 4600, aid 9600
High Range 44Q 60Q 1200, 2400, 4600. 19200> and 36400
The board does nor corrain o DAT and does not support extended
addfresng,
The board suppam DMA byelrher HALT or OUSflfQwheno 6609 a\f &
used
DMA ro the devices on ihe CPU cord is nor supported
The board wW run ony of ihe MJKOUG^ compatible monitors In rhe
6606 mode and S0UG-E. HIMSUG (Spedat VerstonX and 6MXDIG09 In the
6600 mod e The a£CTT\A G\J 6/9 v*l f run ony of ihe GlfV^ decontrol ler
own* wlih rhe opproprkse G4M0C* ver»on of FLEX* A spedol version of
CfcWLI is actable
Oore board: 55000*
Km *225,00'
Assembled; (275.00
ELECTKA DPS Dual Port Serial Card
firs the nando/d X pin SS-50 bus I/O slot
Can be cer«ftguretf for 4 odoVewes per port wiih ihe port 2 address
Ngher ihoniheAporiorfof 16odc*efiesperporTwirhrhe 0port4odoVesses
Ngher than if »e A porr
Each part is terminated at two 16 pin dip sockets, one socket corVlQured
for modem and the ott»er socker armoured for Terminol or primer. AT5\, Q5,
0TT\ DCD, Dm cie appjopriarely In^ernenred.
Each port has Independent selection of baud rare
Each port allows ihe Interrupt request to be Jumpered to rhe IRQ or
fl&Q/NM! bus line
Oore boord: 120.00* Klft S60.00* Assembled: 560.00
Assembled cuWe (two requxed (or each interface board) S20 00 each
ELEKTRA DPP Dual Port Parallel Card
Rrs*K?*ondcid 30 pte> SS-50 bus I/O Slar
Can be coHlgued for 4 oddrette* per porr or 1 6 odbVes^* per port
(occupying ihe tlrsr four oddreses of rhe I/O slot)
The direction of rhe TTL buffers can be controlled by eNhet on board
jumper correctors or by a signal Jrom ihe rperipherah
The mreoupr request iinei far each port may be Indnrfdudr/ Jumpered
ra the IPO or FlAQ/rW bus line
Oore bocmJ: W0.00* Kit: V60.00* Assembled: 560.00
Assembled cabJe <rwo «eo/jred for each interface bootd> $20 00 eoch
Plektra
COMPUTER PRODUCTS
The Cftl SfiK memory Doord. ond
DMA COnNOttw bocsdin
1*6 0001*10 picture o/e
araouctsofQMDClnc
•WARNING
AAAO^ogoCorTvutt^GenterctoesrotprcMc^repolfOi^c^
rbraaionieraa^n^edkJis.AMChkr^Ci>T>puief C^fye^doeswonunry
and matnrtjln service tor our assembled boords. TSe aaromer twid
co^ullyroivelnrocortridterailcr) rhes<TxjlldrWerenrTalieparcrtngourWrof<J
c^errMed prices when making hb choice of puitTiase
We hove mrtaduced our tine of compurer equlpmenr with rhe purpose of
of ret if >g rhe Nghest quoiHy of corrpanenis poWbteorotta»ct<±^ prices. For
rhose of you whose needs dlaaie ihe store of the art In tecttoiagy, we
recommend ihe GtMIX line V/heo procrtcoL oureoVprnenris mrended ro
be upward compatible ro G1MX eqmpmeiir We do nor In/end to offer o
complete line of equipmeyv ond we reeommend thor you choose GIMIX
components to round out your system
AAA Chicago Computer Center
120 Chestnut Lane • Wheeling, 1L 60090 • (312) 459-0450
Phone consultation available most weekdays from 4 PM to 6 PM
i
DIGITAL RESEARCH COMPUTERS
(214) 271-3538
32K S-100 EPROM CARD
NEW!
USES 2716*9
Blank PC Board - $34
ASSEMBLED ft TESTED
ADO 190
SPECIAL 371ft EPflOMT* (4$0 HS) Af S*.*$ Ea. WHTl Abova Kit
7 Any of an EPROm locaoont can ba
dtaabJad
B Ooubla aided PC board iglo>Mna*ltod
■Hk*»Cr«ened
9 OokJ Platod conlaet hngart
10 Undetected EPROMt automatically
po*e<ed down tor low power
1 1 Fulry buffered and byptMrd
1Z Ee*y aftdejuictio M**mMr
KIT FEATURES
I UN* +$V only 2716 {2K*6j EPROM i
? A1*ow% up to 32K or loltwere on Mn«»
3 IEEE S- 100 Compel ibia
4 Addraeaebte ee two independent iQK
tMocfti
5 Cr omorn co extended or Not that ar ban*
aefed
6 On board wail ilK* ctcuAry it needed
16K STATIC RAM KIT-S 100 BUSS
PRICE CUTI
32K SS-50 RAM
s 259
95
KIT
For 2MHZ
Add 110
Blank PC Board
ISO
J 1 1 1 ti 1 ;
ie> *
lav -
iliilill
■n
Illllll
iiBiniii
I 1..- - —
For SWTPC
6800 • 0609 Bum
Support IC'b
and Cap*
$19.95
Complete Socket Sal
$21.00
Fully Atiembled.
Tooled. Bumtd In
Add $30
At Laafl An aflordaMa »K 8 talk RAM wtth to*
ftfOaCapaaatty.
FEATURES
1. U»aa prove* low powav 21 14 Static P.AMB
2. SuppodaSSSOC- EXTENDED A00RE6SI NO)
9 All parla and aockvtii loduoad
4. Dip Bwrlch eddree* ae«ec1 ee a UK bkxA.
S> Chtendoe eddreeelno can ba a*******.
5. Wonts wtt* afl •■ktimo tSOO SSSO ayalatm .
K FuBy bypwaawd. PC Board la dovtie elded.
ptatad «ln*. wttft mWk mmh
16K STATIC RAM SS-50 BUSS
PRICE CUT!
$ 139 9 » T
FULLY STATIC!
—
iiieiiiiiiiiinil
Illlllllllllllll
'WV^rf
KtT FEATURES
1 Addreaaeftla a* four Mparar*4ic Bfoclt
2 ON BOARD BANK SELECT ©rcurtcy (Cro*
memco SrarHUcdM AJiowtup lo 5»2K on line* BLANK PC BOARD W/DATA-S33
3 Ona*2M4U50N$>4K Stalk Ranti
4 ON BOARD SELECTABLE WAIT STATES
5 Ocubto stated PC Board. wrmeoejerrrv»a and
Mk «cra**d layout QoWp^««»aw«nii^»
A AMaddraaa end oeleuneeiuey buffered ASSEMBLED & TESTED ADD $3S
7 KttwM*o4m ail pana a*d *ocL0t»
A PHANfOM * fuwiparad iO PIN A7
» LOW POWER undo# t S awtpa TTPtCAL fcOM
tf»*6VbftBusa
10 Bn^i PC
ntuHlf)|aol4K
LOW PROFILE SOCKET SET $12
SUPPORT IC'S ft CAPS$19.95
OUR #1 SELLING
RAM BOARD!
Ht^
STEREO! <v riv ,
■100 SOUND COMPUTER BOARD '
COMPLETE KITJ
$3495
{WITH QATA MANUAL)
At teat an 8- 100 Board mat unUaa*w» iha fue power ot iwo
untvAaaabia General Iruuumantk At>M10nm)OS computer
•ound id Aoowi vow undo* iota) computer control 10
pa n e» e *a an ireWt* mintm* 0* apacial aound effect* to*
oarne* or am/ ©ma« program Sounder be caNed In BASIC
ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE, ate
KIT FfcATUatf*
• TWO CM SOUND COMPUTER tCS
• FOUfl PAIIALIEL "O PORTS 0*4 BOARD
• USES ON BOARD AUDIO AMPS OR YOUR STEREO
• ON BOARD PHOTO TYPING AREA
« ALL SOCKETS PARTS AND HARDWARE / «E INCLUDED
• PC BOARD IS SOLOCRMASKEO SiL« S r KEENED WITH GOLD CONTACTS
- EASY QUICK AND FUN TO 8USLO WIT H FULL INSTRUCTIONS
• USES PAOORaMMED 1*> FOR MAXIMUM SYSTEM FLEXIBILITY
Qoifi Save and Aaaambty Lanouaoa P-^pamm»«g a«am[H« ara tnctvded
■OfTWAM;
SCL" * now awariaia*' Our Sound ConwipnO Lanouao* rw* writing Sound EttaCH pfOOrafMI
* SNAP< SCL" atao inciuOamrouimM lor Rao^lw -Eiamio*- Modify l%iw|-[iim,r* M«j»+y
•no Play Mamofy, SCL" n avatiabia on CPU' comp«t»Wa dpahatia or 270t or Z7i» OtaM«a -
ma ?nm tiaat /riA - saa.at, c*statt* mciuoaa ma wwroa eprows *■ org *i
EOOOH (Diakotia la • inch Soft Saelorwdl
BLANK PC
BOARD W/OATA
$31
FOR 2MHZ
ADD S10
FOR SWTPC
6800 BUSS!
1 1 l*fM
cl
ASSEMBLED AND
TESTED * $35
BLANK PC BOARD-S35
KIT FEATURES
1 AdoVoaaabto on isk Boundariaa
2 U»aa2it4 Static Ram
3 Fully Gypataod
4 OowMa atiad PC Board SolrJar ma»k
and «itk acwonod layout
5 Ail Parla and Sock** ,rvWO*0
6 tow Pw aa* Undor 1 5 Arupt Typirai
COMPLETE SOCKET SET^$12
SUPPORT ICS AND CAPS— $19.95
SPECIAL PURCHASE!
UART SALE!
TR1 602B - SAME AS TMS601 1 ,
AY5-1 01 3, ETC. 40 PIN DIP
TR1602B
$295
■ACM
4 For M0
00
CRT CONTROLLER CHIP
SMC aCRT S037. PROGRAMMABLE FOR 60 x 24. ETC. VERY RARE
SURPLUS FIND- WITH PIN OUT. t12.ttS EACH,
4K STATIC RAM
National Semi MM5257 Arranged 4K x 1 +5V, 16 PIN DIP A
Lower Power. Plug in Replacement for TMS 4044 450 NS.
Several Boards on the Market Will Accept These Rams SUPER
SURPLUS PURCHASE! PRIME NEW UNITS!
8 FOR $16 32 FOR $59.95
NEW! G.I COMPUTER SOUND CHIP
AY3-6910 Ai laalurod In July, t97B BYTEi A laniaaittaHy pp*aWui Bound & Muilc
Ganeraloi Parfoci lot ui a wrltv any B Bit MrcioprocoMor Conliini 3TonoChannalf
Not**<3enarilo* 3 Channel* oi Amplitude Conirot lBO<iEnvalopaPatk)dConUoi ^B
BilPa/niM I O 30loAConvat!M» ptutmuett mo*o> AH mono 40 Pin DIP Super aaay
mlarlaca to tho S- 100 or olhar tucMtt $11. 95 PRICE CO Tt
SPECIAL OFFER. B+4*s aach Add $3 lor 60 page Oata Manual
Digital Research Computers
w <OF TEXAS) ^
P.O. BOX 401565 * GARLAND. TEXAS 75040 * (214) 271-3536
TERMS: Add $2 00 posiafp We pay datance Orders under 5iS add 7$<
nandilng No C O O We accept Visa ajwj Mat tarCnarge Tex Ras add S%
Tax Foreign order* (accept Canada } add 20% P & H Orders over $50, add
85c for Insurance
'TRADEMARK OF DIGITAL RESEARCH
WE AHE NOT ASSOCIATED WITH DIGITAL RESEARCH OF CALIFORNIA. THE SUPPLIERS OF CPH SOFTWARE
SOFTWARE SYSTEMS AND SOLUTIONS FROM SD
Software Dynamics has been offering quality software for 68xx class machines since 1977. We recognize that our
customer's needs grow, and design our software to provide a growth path. SD offers compatible single-user, multi-user,
and (soon) network systems to meet this need. Programs that run on the single-user system run unmodified on the multi-
user and network systems. A virtual terminal driver assures that screen-oriented applications run on any CRT.
The BASIC compiler is the result oi 1 years expertence in building BASiC interpreters and compiiers. Sequential, random
and indexed filesare supported, along with true BCD numbers to eliminate conversion errors. Long variable names, blocks
for structured programming, and true multi-parameter subroutines and string functions aid program construction and main-
tenance. Compiled programs are both small and very fast, and the source is completely protected.
SD also offers word processing and accounting software built to the same high standards as its system software.
SDOS^
• Interrupt'dnven DOS
• Read-ahead on sequential files
• LRU buffering optimizes random files
• Byte-addressable, device independent files
• Virtual terminal driver handles any CRT
• Command files
• Keyboard typeahead
• Disk file structure validation program
• Adaptable to any 68xx micro with 40kb or more
• Any combination of floppies or hard disk
SDOS/MT"
• Multi-user version of SDOS
• 1 to 8 users
• User space to 60 kilobytes
• Any hardware mapping technology
Structured Design BASIC V1.4
32 character variable names
Line labels
Parameterized, multi-line functions and subroutines
Full access to SDOS sequential and random file facilities
MuJti'Key indexed file option
Print using with floating dollar sign
to digrt last decimal floating point (no conversion errors!)
Binary integer arithmetic
IF-THEN-ELSE. WHILE-DO, ON ERROR DO
Many other block structure facilities
COMMON and program chaining
Super fast execution
Very compact compiled code
Complete error trapping
SDOS is available for the lollowing hardware:
Midwest Scientific Instruments 6800
Pace Technology 480
WaveMate Series 2000
Omnibyte800. 890
Brittania Computing Models 242. 363, 484. 1010
Motorola Exorcisor*
SEDIT
• What-you-see-is-what-you-get editor
• Uses cursor and arrow keys for positioning
• insert by typing at cursor location
• Delete by RUBOUT at cursor location
• Edit any sue file
• Cut and paste to move text
• Automatic margin wrap
• Tabs
• Very easy lo learn
TYPE
• Word or document processing
• Letter and envelope generation
• Form letters with mailing lists
• Complete margin justification
• Centering and underscoring
• Table of contents generation
COUNT/UP
• Full accounting package
• General Ledger, Accounts Receivable, Accounts Payable
• User specifies all report formats
• Account structure and formats changeable at any time
Other programs:
SORT Sorts records according to any combination
of key fields
EDIT Powerful context editor
IDB ROMable debugger with single step capabilities
MEMTEST Thorough memory diagnostic
ASM 6800/6809 assemblers
CHESS For lighter moments
BASIC 1 .3. ASM and EDIT are available lor 6800 FLEX ', SSB DOS or MDOS\
SD also offers both 5V and 8" Winchester disk drives lor Exorcisor systems.
Write for free catalog,
SD is a registered trademark of Software Dynamics.
SDOS and SDNET are trademarks of Software Dynamics.
FLEX is a trademark of Technical Systems Consultants.
MDOS and EXORcisor are trademarks of Motorola, Inc.
SOFTWARE DYNAMICS
2111 W Crescent. Suite G a Anaheim, CA 92801 a (714)635-4760
SALE — SALE — SALE
ON HAND NOW, 80 PCS.
SPECIAL BUY!
EPSON MX-70 PRINTER
80 char/sec. adjustable 4 to 10 inch pin feed.
5x7 dot matrix. % ASCII char. set. parallel
interface, one line buffer. I0CPI or 5CPI
(software select), takes 3 pari paper, size =
4.3 x 14 x 7 inches, 12 lbs., full factory war-
ranty.
K>ST PAID $375.00
NO COD's
HHH STANDARD SYNTAX
GRAPHICS
Same syntax for all supported devices!
Your graphics programs will run on other
peoples systems, regardless of the device.
(Assuming standard syntax driver for same).
Source, Doc and object on disk. ()S9 Mod-
ules for:
Hazelwood VC-256
■•ss
!50
$25.00
Watanabe 'Digi-Plot'
2(KK) x 3000 S-5.00
These are on hand, specify 5 or X inch disk.
Modules for Gimix Video board. Hi-Plot and
others are in the works. Special while they
last. I VC-256 board with 0S9 diskette —
$325.
We sell and support:
GIMIX
SMOKE SIGNAL BROADCASTING
SOUTHWEST TECHNICAL
We also know how to mix and match brands
for your best performance to dollar ratio
WE PUT IT ALL TOGETHER!
HHH ENTERPRISES
RO. BOX 493
LARUEL, MD. 20810
301 953-1155
MasterCharge VISA
**0S9 is a trademark of Microware
Systems Corp. and Motorola Inc.**
'68' MICRO JOURNAL
-fc The only ALL 6800 Computer Magazine.
^ More 6800 material than all the others com-
bined: MAGAZINE COMPARISON
(2 years)
Monthly Averages
6800 Articles TOTAL
KB BYTE CC DOBB'S ' PAGES
7.8 6.4 2.7 2,2 19.1 ea. mo.
Average cost for all four each month: $5.88
(Based on advertised 1-year subscription price)
68 cost per month $1.21
Thats Right* Much, Much More
for About
i 5 the Cosi<
OK, 'PLEASE ENTER MY SUBSCRIPTION
Bill My; Master Charge Q — VISA £]
Card ir Exp. Date_ _
For □ 1-Year □ 2 Years □ 3 Years
Enclosed: $. &
Name_
Street
City
State
.Zip.
My^Computer Is:.
68 Micro Journal
5900 Cassandra Sntith Rd.
Hlxson, TH 37043
SUBSCRIPTION RATES
USA
1 Year S24.50, 2 Year S42.50, 3 Year S64.50
♦FOREIGN SURFACE Add S12.00 per Year to USA Price
•FOREIGN AIRMAIL Add S36.00 per Year to USA Price
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Cash (USA) or dra«n on a USA Bank!!!
^Sfcl 1 * 2 ^
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54.
68' Micro Journal
LUC I DATA PASCAL
If YOU need en eaey-to-uae. well proven laplr&entat Ion
of Pascal, trial doesn't need a aim cewputar to run It....
LOOK HO rVRtritH . VK SELL ITt
full
8
ONLY raquirea 1etU8K HAM pluA or»q 5* disk drive
All etenderd Peer* I types *ro Supported and
eyp«-cheekin« la porroreed
REALly Taat 9-dig)t precision scientific functions
Optional ♦Hoc* Mew of variables to absolute oeoory
locations allows aaay control of e«»ory,«apped
peripheral £«« »ldeo boarda. MA'i ACJA'e etcJ
Fully opunJsec rgn-tlae ayete«» Tor 6900 and 6609
Any nuobar of EXTERNAL uaar supplied routines nay be
easily linked to Pasci.l dafincd function and procedure
Identifier's yllfcln your protfren
Fast, ni]f>ce>u)« compiler generates ultra efficient
position independent and NiOtteble P-code instructions
Multiple rtlea - nay be sequent lal/randoa. dldk files
supported by your 005. or Physical devlcae added by you
Scalar I/O CD SEAP and WRITE your iun StALAft TTPBS
Cuetoo veralona available to epeciel requirement*
All LtiCIRATA Paacela are aupplied ulth m oonPrchenelee
User Manual PLUS lots or do«o t>r4>*ra»a and are fully
supported by our Update Service
6900 TLEI 2 version on 5* 31s* »»S0. on 6 s dlsM J1«5
6609 FLCI 9 veralon on 5* disk I '90. on 6~ dl»i< 120)
Oaer Manual ecperstely %¥> Ideduc table fro* purchase)
Prlcea include Airmail poetafte A&TVKRAE in the irOliLDf
Payment by Mastercard/ VISA or certified cheque
Pea patched by raturn of post (UK -»Ksel Coaat 5 flaya }
juciddhd
LUCI»ATA Ltd.. P.O. Box 1*8
Canbrl<t*e< Ct»? StZ. UrCLAW
Telephone Ordere (0^3) 6a 1906
Purveyor* af rascal since 1979
LUCIPATA Pascal la ilia aval labia Tor Heath HDOS rro*
POLTdtTKS. 12\ i9tn Street St.. Cedar FUpida* 1A MeOJ
A SooMe Signal Sr*aiJea*U n* DOS68D fro* MIMQHUSH N|vf«
Dwalfita, Gayacrj Ma/, lorth Haljhap, HR?8 OAM. ErtCLAHD
TEXAS COMPUTER
fC3 - 1 PIT RATE Q £ ME RAT QR
* Shoplift * ttjndird mi ritu (ros I*. 2a lu
IIO tisulUntOutlr* *«iieh !• nut vuttial*
-l"i *ny Circuit UtIAg a «C 1 4 A 1 I I H I p
* U»» ,„ M ru rr« „p tt r p, a T .I.P
■ MuirM r*<> Additional up,r*flt Perl, tor nr>A
Or *1P* ? b9«rd«
* tiMlitJtr, uporpdUftej tit asatiL etatua
■ Gold plitid cunnictari ir« ttandi' J
on all IE CBS COMPUTE* product*
* tQHrHLTE ftWO ItsrtO WITH POCUrtCNTAT I ON lAe.OO
Pff*B DUAL PORT SERIAL BOARD
Z Lo«p*Ut>>:r #t(h tiDlh ftSIO fc 9SJO-C
■
* Full tt1&, OCU, CIS ere. ju-p*r control
* Tap adunt baud Fill tHitchti far iily ictttl
e 1**o 0a>23 (onnpc I « f a for *a* r hookup
* (<iti If iottiiinj I of tvpjrili isil/r*CT ctothi
S COMPLETE AND T E 8 T I D nHh OOCtlrt t M TAT 1 On e*«.00
add Tor ahlpplng $3.00
P.O. ODX iSQBtS ARLINGTON. TX 76Q12
VlSA/MC B17-275-ia4B
HaAZELWOOD computer systems
**%***
a '2.5
DM-64
64K 2MHZ Memory Board "' * 5 «•*
The DM-64 is a 64K dynamic nemory board which operates at 2 megahertz with fully
transparent refresh. This is accomplished with a proprietary memory control design unlike
any other. The board appears to thebusasa 64 K static memory. All addressing options are
made by DIP switch selection. This board sets the pace in state-of-the art memory design
and is backed by a ONE YEAR FACTORY WARRANTY
COMPARE THESE FEATURES!
• Fully Transparent Refresh • Each board exhaustively tested and burned-m
• Conforms to ALL bus timing and loading • Low power consumption
• Full 20 bit addressing • Cold bus connectors
• SS-S0 or SS-S0C operation • Fully socketed
• 6609 compatible • Industrial Quality Componenets and Construction
• Individual disable on each 4K segment • Full 2 MHZ ooeraion
ASSEMBLED, TESTED AND BURNED-IN $495.00
WHERE QUALITY ORDER # DM-64
COMES FIRST SHIPPED POST PAID WITHIN CONTINENTAL U S
Coming Soon . . .
• 5 MB 5Va • Winchester Disk Dnve and Controller • intelligent < Programmable) I/O Controller
• High Resolution Color Graphics Controller •ANSI MUMPS Interpreter {Multiuser)
• IEEE 468 Bus Interface
HAZELWOOD COMPUTER SYSTEMS
7413 N. Lindbergh, Hazelwood, Missouri 63042, (314) 637-3466
Master Charge Wsa American Express Oners Club
Dealer Inquiries Invited
68' Mksro Journal-
.55
•!*I*f*M*t*M*I*l*M«t*M*l*I*!*I*!*t*!*I«I«tet
F&D Associates *Mm I
1210 Todd Road 3^ 1
New Plymouth, Ohio
45654
fcH - 592 5721
Send for fro* Catalog A
ViM *- Master Charge — COD ,•
FIFTH ANHNIVTRSARY SALE
Wb'v* been In huiineit since Kirch of '77
In eppreciat Inn, we're levering price* on selected board ■
during Kirch and April. You «u*t «rntlcm tM& ad.
The TlaeMinder - A 30 pin I/O card based on the OKI
MSH5182, it krcpn track of feconda, einutea, hour*, day
of welt, day of Booth* month, year, and even allowi for
February 29th, On-board battery backup and rechergine,
circuit. Solid utate buster. Board can generate
Interrupt i. Coses with atteably and checkout Instruct ions
and software assembly listing, A diskette is available
separately for FLEX (tm)* systsas.
TKB-l Bars Board and Docuaentstton rep. $>5,Q0
Kerch and eprtl only 527*50
CPU-2 - A 550 bus central processor* 1 f ses 6B02* H»»
baud rate generator, ACTA serial port (current loop and
RS232), Scrstcb pad aesory, 2 parallel ports, EFRflf
socket, Ifse with ADZ W for 6809 systeaia*
CPU-2 Bare Itosrd and Docuaentat ion rag $15.00
Kerch and April only $30,00
•J? AD209 6809 adapter board for CPU-2
3m Kerch and April with CFU*2 purchase
re* SI 5, 00
% 7,50
O Add |3 s/h per order. Ohio res add 5 percent
y *FLEX ia a tredsurk of Technical Systeais Consul tante
•)«t»I«I*IeI«I*l«I*leI*t*IeM«l*l«let*le|«t«l*l«l«
Nt II Mk ^^\ ^^^ ^^^* ia^^m O^J ■C
— > tFOHTH -- Av FXP*«."«'-N JHW FmNStim OK PJLT TALftOTS
ORIGINAL fi«09 Flfx-FOSTH
tFOBTHi Available under FLEX or a* a standalone,
seir-contalned operatinjt system. Tt sari read or write FLO
rilea or standard FORTH screens so can Interchange with othsr
standard FORTH systems,
compatible Creative »Ucro
... > NOW AVAlUMLE FOB FXORcjser
Systems* 9670 10 Kbyte Winchester
~~-> TEXTBOOK AVAILABLE I P "STABTINC FORTH* Jig pp.
Introduction to the language. Paper-back ft 6, no, Hardback
$?0 f Foreign air sdd ts.oo.
___> roRTH - A TOOL FOR CRRfTSHEHJ It has been sail that If
Chippendslr had made proArees he would have used FORTH as his
tool. If you want to learn how to program, use a teacning
lsnguiRe -- PASCAL or BASIC, IT you know how to program, use a
language designed For craftsmen — FORTH,
FORTH applications Have spanned a wide range of tasks —
instrument control, diti acquisition and analysis, process
control t and interactive systems. Users of FORTH report
productivity gains of 2 to 10 over other development tools.
rirmFORTHf tm) Is Tor the programmer who needs to squeeze the most
Into roms.
(tm) tFORTH and FlrmFORTH are trademarks of Talbot
Microsystems. (ta> FLEX la trademark of Technical Systems
Consultants, Inc.
^FORTH arvd firmFORTH am trademarks of Talbot Microsystems.
'"♦FLEX is a trademark of Technical Systems Consultants, inc
Model 6800CL4 CalCloclc/TIMER
3 A A NiCod C.lli
j]ximl j^rSTl
:o
OKI MSMM37 7 7
•OOh
* iss^ "DO
03
1
nu;
ii
eeUSES ON( t'O HOT FOR TWO IO FUNCTIONS
IT'S A HARDWARE CALENDAR/CLOCK
e K**pt dote and linw without itfVKing hy I h# tompvlip
a Day ol wtfli monlKdoy year, hour: nun, tec U7 ?4hr * aula Liap T«oi j
S Bandi of I itlimg ton (no I actett of All function* via inpltwOfe
* On ■ card eh I tar y and charging circuit keep* lim* lor monlht. power off
WITH AN INTERVAL TIMER INCLUDED
e For -IISC Flen7 VcompalthM p-rintar ipoolmg, fflul I i -ftltk ing , etc.
Fu! I T aiMmmktd * letttd * IMflS
Complete kit* } 69 9i
Bar. board* 135.00
V D.tk 1 1 1 .x 2 □ F !•» 9 D ) |1 0.00
Goldp Idled hu»i conriKloi i f 6.00
Shipping A handling S 300
* FUtlY DOCUMENTED, inttructlont, diagram! , ih.ory mora lhon70pogai
of tamp I • netware (automalkoHv pull dale in Flsi7 9®dare buft«r add*
fime-al-day io antemhly tiitingi, maintain* comto il. cuf rani tim«*data
duploy on fop line of CRT) Baiierie* not included Alt IC't tafkeled.
©FLtX it i Ha regntared Irodemark ol Tathnical Syilemt Con*ul*onl«. In<
<J3
COMPUWAHI Corporolien
HO. iox 7710
Cherry Hill. NJ 01003
60*- * 71 -2309
1
Naw Jar ley buy an ADD 51
T.rm* CASH; MC.Or VitO
Fla*9®D F| >h 2wyeroulf)a
tFORTH' 1
THE PROFESSIONALS CHOICE
from the author of 6809 fig-FORTH
TALBOT MICROSYSTEMS
~ -> tFORTH SYSTEM AND APPLICATIONS:
For all FLEX syatetns; GIMIX, StfTP, SSB, or EKORciaor;
or convert to other ayatms. Specify 5 or 8 inch
fJiakette ind 6800 or 6809. For stand slnne versions,
write,
Hmuals ivallable seperately - price in ( ) .
AtJd iS^systwi Tor shipping, $12 for forelRn air.
fi tFORTH - extended rtg FORTH (1 disk) »100 (»15)
*• tFOHTH* - extended nrare! (3 5" or 3 8* disks) 1250
tF0HTH+ includes ?nd screen editor, assembler, extended
data types and utility vocabularies, GOING FORTH CA1
course on FORTH, names, and debugging aids,
«• TBS-flO C0LORFORTH - available rrom The Micro Works
> APPLICATIONS PROGRAMS?
■* firaFORTH - 6809 only, *35D UlQl
For target coaipllationa to romable code.
Automatical ly deletes unused code and unneeded
dictionary information. Includes full source code Tor
target compiler and essential FORTH nucleus. Requires
but does not Include tFORTH*,
■• T1NV PASCAL envller In FOflTH, 68OO/09 175 C*?Q)
1927 Curtis Ave., Redondo Beach, CA 90278 (213) 376 9941
56_
.68 Micro Journal
10 Megabyte Winchester
Hard Disk System runs
MDOS on Motorola
Exorcisor System.
a No modification to MDOS required D MDOS
based software stays alive D All user software
operates without modification a Optional SA-
801 R flexible diskette drive system.
an
Computer System Associates
7562 Trade Street. San Diego. CA 92121
NEW PRODUCT 12 BIT AID
• HIGH QUALITY Boards for the SSSO/C Bus Computer
• ME TA LAB solves your toughest interface problems
• DATA ACQUISITION and Process Control
Specialists since 19/4
• ONE YEAR Factory Warranty
ADC12QQ
• HIGH SPEED 12 Bit A/D Board
• 16 CHANNELS Single-ended or Eight Channels
Differential Input
• 25usec Conversion Ttme
• BOK Samples Per Second in Single Channel
Burst Mode
• Instrumentation amplifier/ Selectable Gam
• Contained on Single 30 Pin Board
« Configurable tn a Variety of Computer
Controlled Modes
• SOFTWARE APPLICATIONS and Support
WRITE TODAY FOR COMPLETE DATA
On me AQC1200 and oth%r Product*
A
Svtt9 m 2888 Bluff St dor tSS9
Bovktot. CO 8MB JIW»4?3S
COMING SOON:
180 Sot! Bty,t'<J IFFF488 ConttQlfr
8B'iAD&DA Oujt J? 8*1 D A
POWERFUL COLOR GRAPHICS
Uses the new TMS9918A Video Display Prccossor
High resolution 256 x 192 pixel display with fifteen colors
t6k Bytes of onboard dynamic l50nS RAM included
32 graphic images can be individually moved with single
XY command for smooth animation
External video input allows subtitling
SOUND EFFECTS AND MUSIC
Three AY3-89K) Pro^ammabte Sound Generators
Nine simultaneous voices
Three nksuwtkxn noise sources
Onboard stereo ampfrfiers cfrive two spea kers
SOFTWARE AND DOCUMENTATION
Programming manuals for Video and Sound Processors
Subroutine Kbrary and demorciracw &*mz
Software in both BASIC and 6809 assembly
ADDITIONAL I/O CAPABILITIES
ARCADE 50.awmbJed and tested $325
video and audio connector set 15.
4 joystock connector set (5pin DIN) 2a
2 Radio Shack joysticks 24.
UHF modulator 32.
gold molex 12.
LAB VIDEO (EXORciser' version) 1st quarter 62
Ggjit analog inputs with 6 bit resection
Supports four joysticks with pushbutton swtTEttes
Eight bit port for ASCII or organ keyboard
Maps into any 256 bytes of memory
specify 5* or 8 1 TSC s FLEX compatibte disk
terms: cash, VISA, MC or COD
overseas orders add $20
(•Trademark of MOTOROLA INC.)
TERMINUS DESIGN INC
16 Scarbrough Road
Oenwood GA 30049
(404)474-4866
"68' Micro Journal
_57
\ Exclusive UN I FLEX Software Packages^]
for
SOUTHWEST TECHNICAL PRODUCTS CORP. SYSTEMS
MAILING
LISTS
• Sorts on any single or
combination of parameters
• Automatic alpha and zip
code sorting
• Full business address format
• Support division codes
ACCOUNTS
PAYABLE
» Supports invoice aging with
account status reporting
• Total monies owed and
history ot total business
done with each vendor
• Manual and automatic check
writing and check registers
• Up to 1.000 accounts and
9,000 transactions per 8-inch
diskette
$ 595
Minimum hardware requirements
• S/09 main frame with minimum 126K • (2) 8-inch double sided, double-density disk drives • 6212 or 8212W terminal
* UNtFLEX is a trademark of Technical Systems Consultants
TO ORDER: Mail Check or Money Order to
ACCOUNTS
RECEIVABLE
• Aged account status
• History of total business
done with any account
• Total monies owed at any
time by ail accounts
• Statement generations
• Up to 1,000 accounts and
9.000 transactions per 6-inch
diskette
$ 595
PAYROLL
> Supports 70 fields
• 500 employees
■ Prints paychecks, federal
94rs,W-2's,payroll registers
► Generates time clock card
labels, tax-exempt plan
and more
*695
$495
QCMPIWCRL3 Inc.
12S WHITE SPRUCE BLVD. ROCHESTER, NEW YORK 14623
VISA Of MASTER CHARGE accepted (N.Y.S. rtfldantt *dd 7% •*!•* tax)
716-424-6260
/ \
ATTENTION
ORIGINAL EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURERS
REAL-TIME APPLICATIONS
This new line of Unicompand Uniface products,
with interrupt driven software, is designed to
facilitate interfacing to the industrial and medical
environments. These A/D, D/ A and digital I/O
devices are scheduled for release in 1982,
POWER CONTROL
From entertainment lighting to large inductive
loads, our a.c. power control units will fit your
need. These versatile modules can be manually
controlled orcomputer interfaced using a special
Unicomp or Uniface I/O board, Load power is
continuously variable, with maximum power
ratings of 3000 watts per channel and up. Single
and multiphase capabilities are available.
SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS
Contact us and let us know your requirements.
We will help you configure your hardware, choose
an operating system and develop your application
programs.
microdyne
PO Son 1707 • OrMiwIlle, MS M701 • (6011 335-M21
6809 C Compiler
VERSION 2.0
■ Generates assembly language source output
■ Requires only 16K memory
■ Extensive library functions in source code
■ Generates position independent code
■ Supports most C functions
■ Generates ROMmable code
■ Floating point
Specffy diskette site SSB. FLEX, or OS-9
VERSION 2.0 Price $120.00
The C Programming Language— Kernighan & Ritchie
Price $16.00
TERMS Check, MC/Vtt+. California residents add 6%.
foreign or CO.D add 15% for shipping attd handling,
1714) 7554373 ^ft
0UGCCR1 GROWinGlilSWTEmS
POST OFFICE BOX 305 SOLAN A BEACH, CA 92075
58
66 Micro Journal
SMOOTH " Software
IUPCR MOOta* PftOORAM
Trenamit manually 1o diatanl computer
Tre smil disk files (feil) ol any length 10 diatenl computer
Receive andse e disk Mm (text)ol any length on local diakayetem Msendingcompuler
doet not support anX-on/X-off protocol inant a received files a re limited in sijeby I he
computer memory
Tested 1o tremmltend receive lex 1*1 speeds up lo B600 baud (CRT terminal muef be
capable ol operating ai a baud r le higher lhan ihe one the modem i* oper«| d al )
Half duplex option tn caaa diaiant computer doean'i echo
Echo option ao user can simuisls a lime shanog ayslem (Super Modem Program
doesn'l support auto answer but ihe sour a * provided lor Ihoae individuals who wisn
to adePl our program to their special weds )
Rapl ces CR with CRVLF (user oPlion) lor Ihoso using lime shenng systems mat don't
transmif LF's
Slow drsk file transmit (user option) based on character v nticstion tor use on time
sharing systems lo which dish li*e* can ol be se n 1st speed sugg it d by the baud rate
PI se specify B800 SS0. 6800 FLEX- or 6809 FLEX - 5- or 8
Manuel and disk with both source and obiect code $75 00
STANDARD MODEM PROGRAM
Seme as Super Modem Program above but without tCHO opt on CR LF for CR option
stow drsk f4etrantm*l option, nor x-on/x-oH ochon Receptonof *»* Mes*s limited lo
those small enough lo completely tit within the rec iving buffer
PJeeae spa ify 68O0 SSfi, 68O0 FLEX", or 6809 FLEX" S or 8'
Manual with instructions, source luting and flowchart disk wilh
boih sour e and object coda M5 00
ALL IN ONE
Editor , Text Processor - Mailmg Lebeli
Mailing Lisia • Uh any CRT terminal a^d printat
support! Editing www indi puch ai bO|iom, change delate, rind, insert |singtehne}.
input (multiple lines). Hit. next, overlay (with Conor editing, character deletion an<j
insertion), over strike (loi selected darker leal), prim, restart, set. top. undaitme.up.end
verify
Support! Text Processing commands such as block copy bJock move, cantering
margin juslillcsfion (wid snd narrow), paging, and tabbing
MeNing Lists and Labels. Use the seme mailing list disk file (with prote te sreas) for
boih mailing labels and rap al letters Repeal tellers srs personally edresied to uach
person or selected peraons on the mailing hsl
Meet PesreftuJ File Handier lound m snyeditor Append onel lis lo Ins end ol another o r
inierr (merge) one file into another as designated by ine kne poller Print speeded
lines to your pnntsr or to a disk file Edit files larg r than the lext butler Does not
produce oulput liies when nol desired Delete disk Hies Irom the ditor
Prmler commende. Conlrol characters can be sent lo the printer lor format control
anther directly from ihe control terminal or by imbed ing them m the ieil Tne set
command contains interlace initialisation and characler output roulines to support ihe
SWTPC MP-C interlace as well as the atsndard senel and parallel interlaces Jumps are
also provided lo user supplied printer roulmes User selects Ihe porleddr ss<0lhru7 A
or B| thereby eliminating the need for the user fo>n»tai| printer sot) wsrerouhn a Editor
can be initialled lor either 4 or 16 Addresses per port
Edit of allows e* ifing loetfher Ihe monitor or DOS and I an reenter (Warm Start} without
destroying previously prepared text ,n ihe buffer The Resteri command erases
contents in ihe buffer without the user having to reload the Ednor
Tbe Editor allows Ihe user to toggle between lull duplex (no echo) and half ouplCx
(echo) as needed n responds io commsnds In both upper and tower case and can be
used io create essemblsr source code and Banc programs as wall as text
Specify 8800 SSO. 6800 FLEX" 6809 FLEX-. V or » 50 00
Printed souree lislrng is available for an additional 35 00
Software by Tech#*cjJ Syeiam* ConauJtanta. (r*.
Flex ' (includes Editor snd As mbler) ISO 00
UniFLEX** (includes one year meintananca and update) 450 00
Editor SO 00
Assembler S 00
68000 Croes Assembler on 6809 250 00
Text Processor 75 00
Extended Banc 100 00
Basic Precompiler (specily standard or extended) SO 00
Pascal (FteO 200 00
Pascal (UmFLEX") (Add $76 00 lor one y ar a. maintenance and update) 225 00
Sorvkasi u aj Pecs age 75 00
6601 Fiei v Uliimes 75 00
Debug Package 75 00
Diagnostic Package 75 00
hf ft Icrowar* S vaiams Corp. ym«u source manual object
OS-9" Level. One Operallng System
OS-fl" Level Two Operating Sysl m
BASiCO*-
G&-9** Macro Text Editor
GS-9*" Interactive Assembler
OS'9' Intereclive Debugger (Disk version)
CIS Cob ol Compiler
Pascal Compiler
75 00
75 00
75 00
SOOOO
N/A
N/A
300 00
900 00
100 00
N/A
N/A
Oynaentle
SUPER *(
IPER SLEUTH Olsassembier Syefem
SWTPC
DC -2 Disk Controller (Limited Quantity]
4K RAM Board (LurtHed Quantity)
MP*S Single port serial interface (Limited Quantity)
MP- S3 Serial interface (dual port]
MP- LA Parallel interlace [dual pod)
MP- LP Parallel interlace (dual port)
MP-R Single vollege 2716 prom programmer
MP-N Calculator board
MP-T interrupt time*
MP-SM 6K 4044 Memory board (limited quaniiiy ol Ms)
S32 Universal Sialic Memory Board
MP 09 6909 CPU boerd
68 Chassis. Pi 66B09 CPU. 8K. RAM. One Serial Port
*0 00 195 00
40 00 SOOOO
25 00 195 00
1500 12500
1000 12500
1000 5000
80 00 695 00
40 00 400 00
so 00
99 00
Kit A sembied
N/A t2S 00
30 00 40 00
4 00 6000
N/A 120 00
40 00 60 00
N/A 120 00
N/A 114 SO
54 95 92 00
N/A 92 00
160 00 275 00
N/A 124 SO
N/A 29S.0O
66000 799 00
UftrwaaJ ft XX dare Motien>o*rd 6800/6609, 4/ 16 addressei per port
6 50 pin' 5 30 pin sloli, baud rate generalor >5 1/6 a 9 3/6"
FID (We) W oft artatrd I. 12 50 pirvfl 30 pin slots. 4/6 (modifiable
lo 16) addressee per port, compieta address decoding, 16' m 9"
C twit assets HO pin r Titanium-Tin plated 5 microns for near gold quality |
Meie with square cross section pins each SO
Female each 75
80 00
5500
ITH"" end t LENT HA" are t fade marks ol AAA Chicago Computer Center
m and UfeTU M ere tra demark s ol Technical Systems Consultants |nc
~~ Of Metre*** System* Corp
rd iredvmevta of GiMix inc
Piicea a d inventory *n subject to change without advance nottce)
Thia ad le our catalog
EUKTRA " SSSO Computer Products
Bare Board Kit Assembled
DPS Dusl Pon Ssnal Intarfa a Boerd and Ooc 20 00 60 00 80 00
DPP Duai Pon PsralieU Interface Board and Doc, 29 00 ©qoo 60 00
Cable (Two required for seen interface) 20 00
MB Molherboard and docum nlallon 65 00 N/A N/A
CPU -8/0 6808 -8809 CPU (Run 6800 or 6809 soli ware) SO 00 225 00 275 00
18808 it 6800 software compatible}
HUMBUG (from STAR- KITS) for CPM-aVg board
2K version for 8800 I6«)6} «0 00
HUMBUG -09 for 6609 75 00
Qlher HUMBUG veraiona inclkiding vtdeo versions ere available (Speedy aysism)
Chases (0 090"alumintm maid dimensions 21 7/8" x 16 1/2" * 6 3/4".
2 Culouls for S 1/4" disk drives drive mounl. line cord line
fuse, key (power) swilch reset swiich abort swiicn. 70 elm Ian,
EMi Mier 10 R5-23JT cutouts) and power supply (iSa 8v.
3a I6v, 3a I6v) use any current S -SO or SS-50C molherboard. choice
ol disk regulaior boerd with cables or 2 hller pistes 450 00
220v version ol abovs lor export add SO 00
Chassis without nowgf supply disk regulator, nor tills r pistes 250 00
Powei supply (iSaBv 3* i6v 3a-i6v) 1l0v 175 00
Powai supply (15a 8v, 3a I6v r 3a-16v) 220v 225 00
6" disk regulaior board with cebies for 2 S- 1/4" disk drives SO 00
Fiilsr plate lor S-1/4 cutout 10 00
filler (fan) 10 00
5 1/4" DISK DRIVES with 30 day guarantee
Single heed, aingle or double dansity capability 40 tracks $250 00
Single hesa single or double density capability. 40 tracks. Hippy 260 00
Oouble head, single or double density cspsbflily, 40 X 2 tracks 335 00
Single head trngTe or double dentity capability 60 rrackt 335 00
Double h ad. single or double d naity capability. 60 X 2 tracks 470 00
MP* . Service Manual 20 00
ELEKTRA Dual drive cabinet for 5 1/4" drives with power supply, li e cord
I use. power twtlch. and power cables To drives 125 00
Dual Drive cabinet and power supply for 8" drives 350 00
Microtime 6800 Calendar and Clock Board (aasembl and lesied) 105 00
Baraboard conneclor. and documentation only of above 35 00
(Seo review Feb i960 66 Micro Journal)
Microtime II 69 95
Data Mart 16K EPflOM bereboard (2708 chips) 30 00
Prlnie* s
Epaon MX-80(Cen|ronrcscomps1ibis parallel intarfa e) 495 00
("Uh Serial RS-732 interface option) add 75 00
Spare Punt H ea <j 39 95
Spare ribbon cartridge IS 00
a Moh Comet I 125 cps 9x7 bidirectional aerial or parallel 44500
CIMIX (TheUMimaie)
6800 CPU Board 224 03
wiln timers 268 06
wilh baud rale option a dd 30 00
wilh 2UHI option B dd 15 00
2 Mm 6809 Pius PU time ol day clock beiiery backup, tK NMOS RAM 578 06
CMOS RAM subsiiiuiion 8 00
GIMIX Oynamic Address Translator 3500
SvVPTC compatible DAT 15 00
9511 A Arithmetic Processor (<Mt-uj 31200
9512 Arithmetic Processor OMH/> 265 00
GMxBUG'OS (Terminal Based) IK acralchped required 98 65
Bootstrap Prom 30 00
Video Prom [includes bootstrap) 30 00
Manual and Source Listing only 39 62
Missing, cycle delect cerd 38 23
Disk Controllers |AI| have d a ra sepsralore and can be used with either single
or double headed drives)
S" singie denaiiy controllsr wiihoui 1771 chip 156 36
** single density contrcHta' complete t96 48
5" and 6* single density controller complete 226.58
5" double density controller wt|h variable precomp 296 28
DMA S M AND 8 U double density controller with variable pr comp 58868
GIMIX version ol FLEX" (without Ed.ior and Assembler) 9000
Double disk reguislor card 68 22
Ribbon cable lor two 5 1/4' disk dn es (short) 34 96
Ribbon cable lor two 5 1/4 disk dnves (long) *4 96
Ribbon csble for two 8' disk dnves (long) 44 26
6" disk drive cabinet with power supply 646 16
Memory CMOS WITH NMOS NO
BAT BACKUP BAT BACKUP
16K Stalic PAM Board with coniroi registers" 388 16
3?X Static flAM Board wdh 32K of RAM mslafied' 375 00
"discontinued limited gusnhfy ave*iab*s
64* Static RAM Board with 24K of RAM mstatktd M/A 348 27
64K Static RAM Board with 32K of RAM installed 516 36 398 37
64K Static AAM Board with 46K of RAM mstal led N'A 51647
64K Static RAM Boaid with 56K of RAM Installed 728 56 5 78 57
64K Sialic RAM Board with 64K of RAM Installed 796 64 638 67
16 Socket EPROM/ROM/flAM Bodrd 238 32
8K PfOmboard (2708) 98 34
4K PPO 4K Prom Board and 270 6 Prom Burner 198 00
IO Boards
Single port 30 pm rial interface (Raquirea 1 cable set) as 41
Dual port 30 pm serial interface (Requires 2 cable sels| 12643
6 port SO pm sorrel interface with baud rats ganeralor 318.48
Dual pon 30 pm parallel inltrtace (Requires 2 cable sets) 88 42
8 port SO pin parallel interface with interrupt generator 198 45
Cable sets for above boards (specify board) 22 96
Video Boards
64 or 32 X TG 1 98 7 1
80 X 24 without RAM character generator 398 74
80 X 24 with RAM characler generator 458 76
High resolution (Si? X 512 dot resolution 1 998 77
2MH2 6809 PLUS Computer System with 56* Memory* 2498.29
Above Syiiem with #58 Controller and Special Software Pkg * 2988 59
Above Sssiem wHh #88 Confrotle* and Special Soflw re Pkg * 3248 49
*w»tt» CMOS RAM and Battery Backup add 300 00
Mainframe (Chaaala, PS, Switches, Fan. Molherboard, Baud Rets Gen > 119619
Shipping a d handling esiimateB
Within the Continental U S . please add 3% $5 00 minimum)
Foreign, prepaid and add 10% <|10 00 minimum) for ilghi llama only
Heavy name muat be prepaid and will be shipped Emery Air Freight Coiled
Please phone during conaullatton houra if questions arise regarding
shipping fees.
Mesfer Charge, v/a*. and Amertte* Exprm* ho/we*
AAA Chicago Compute* Cortter
120 Chestnut Lanaii Whaling, IL 60000
(312) 459-0450 Phone Cortsuiletion sviiisWe most wee*tdaya from 4 PM io 6 PM
Introducing MSP 16-bit
Multi-Tasking Systems Software
•v**;
Tf» real -time tfyitent* you
can Have on time .
1 6-brt multKaskinqooeMtinq As-
tern for most M68u00 and 2S0OO
based systems
Hemenway's MSP real-time
system i$ an eff iaent and com-
pehensi e operating system
for industrial or business u e.
MSP Systems Software
is easily adaptable to any
hardware configura-
tion. And because it's
designed to be exten-
sible, you can mold /
your operating sys-
tem to your needs
by adding new fea-
tures or modifying
ex sting ones,
OuKkly and easily
other through submit functions
(prpes) and maiHx>xes (tubes
Vou can also have macro assem-
blers, text editors, floating point pack-
ages, monitors, scientific packages,
linking loaders, srngle-user operating
systems and high-level languages.
Offahe-sheff
For the hard facts on Hemenway
" L software, write or call
Hemenway Corporation,
IOlTremontSt,8o ton,
^MA02IQ8. Phone:
6J7-426-I93L
TWX 710 321 1203
TELEX
921735
t
THE CHIEFTAIN™ 5 'A- INCH WINCHESTER
HARD DISK COMPUTER
SO ADVANCED IN SO MANY WAYS . . .
AND SO COST-EFFECTIVE . . .
IT OBSOLETES MOST OTHER SYSTEMS
AVAILABLE TODAY AT ANY PRICE.
• HARD DISK SYSltM CAf ACHY
1 he Chieftain series includes 5^ and 8 incli
Winchesters that tange from V to 60
megabyte capacity, and higher as technology
advances All hard disk Chieftains include
64 -h memory with two serial ports and
DOS69D disk operating system
• LIGHTNING ACCESS TINE
Aveiage access time Tor 5' i inch Winchesters
Is 70 msec, comparable to far more costly
liatd dish systems. 1h;it means data transfer
ten-times faster than floppy dish systems
Write or call today
for details (including the
remarkably low prices)
on the total Chieftain
Series . . . and on
dealership opportunities.
• 2-MHZ OPERATION
AH Chieftains operate at 2 Mtfc, regardless
of disk storage type or operating system
used. Compare this to other hard disH
systems, no matter how much they cost I
• DtlA DATA TRANSFER
DMA data transfer to and from tape and dish
Is provided for optimum speed. A special
design technique eliminates the necessity
of halting the processor to wait Tor data
which normally transfers ai a slower speed
determined by the rotational velocity of
the disk
• RUNS UNDER DOS OR OS 9
fto matter which Chieftain you select , .
5K- or 6-Inch floppy, or 5ttr or 8 inch
Winchester with tape oi (loppy back up ... ,
they alt run under DOS or 05-9 will}
no need to modify hardware or software.
• UNBOUNDED rifXIBIIIlY
You'll probably nevei use it, but any Chieftain
hard disk system can drive up to 20 other
Winchesters and four tape drives, with 3
single DMA Interface board I
• SNOKE SIGNAL'S HERITAGE OE
EXCELLENCE
This new-generation computer is acconipa
nicd by the same Endurance Certified
quality Dealers aild end-users al) over the
world have come to expect from Smohe
Signal. And support, software selection and
extremely competitive pricing ate very much
a pad of that envlubtc reputation
20- Megabyte Tape Streamer Back- Up Option
Available with all Chieftain hard disk configurations. This cartridge tape capability
provides full 20megabyte disk back-up in less than five minutes with just one
command, or copy command for individual file transfers, Tiansfers data tape- to*
disk or disk~to»tape. floppy back-up is also ava liable In a variety of configurations.
The Chieftain Computer Systems:
Here are the Chleltaln 6809 based hard disk computers that are destined to
change the data processing industry , . .
□
□
CHIEFTAIN 95W4
4-iiiegabyte. 5' a Inch Winchester with
a ib6-h floppy di-sfc drive I pictured},
CHIEFTAIN 95XW4
4 megabyte 5' * Inch Winchester with
a 750-k oc to density floppy disk drive.
n
n
CHIEFTAIN 981V 15
is. megabyte, 5tfcfath Winchester wfih
a t megabyte flinch (loppy dish drive.
CHIEFTAIN 9WI5T20
15 megabyte. 5% inch Wiro hestet with
a 20-megabyie tape streamer.
i
Name .
SMOKE SIGNAL BROADCASTING®
31336 VIA COLINAS
WESTLAKE VILLAGE, CA 91362
TEL (213) 889-9340
Address
Company
i
i
i
i
| Telephone (
Ctty
State.
.Zip
s
A
V
E
minidisk
D
I
S
K
\ferbatim
VERBATIM DATALIFE DISKS
WORLDS FINEST QUALITY DISKS
r son s«d<K oiftkt
Singi* Skda Ski
r Soft Sector Olaka
Single Sid* Slngl* D*nt<iy 51 75 M
st* mam otnttiy $275 m 1^ ^ ^T/E^r si,«
i Si* DouMt Odatlty S4 92 •• °°»*^ *"* <^ b " t >* n * ,l V $« J* •*
Pls«tk: Storage Bo» 'MOO ee **•** Lib^ifV 8mt $3.00 •%.
Foreign Orders Add 10% SurfJC*- 20% Air Me.ll
OEALER AND VOUJMt DISCOUNTS AVAILABLE:
Making Labels on M X-80?
Lab 3X Program Runs Under TSC X-8asic to print
labels 3 across on your MX-80 Printer.
5" Program Disk $24.95
8" Program Disk $29.95
Labels 2-1/ T x 15/16" 3 across $3.95 per 1000
DIET-TRAC Forecaster
A Diet Planning and Analysis Program
Based on Food Exchanges
DIET-TRAC Forecaster is a program that pfans a diet in lerms ol
either calories and percentage ol carbohydrates, proteins and fals
(OP/F %) or grams ol Carbohydrate, Protein and Fat lood ex-
changes ol each ol the six basic food groups (vegetable, bread, meal,
skim milk. Iruit and lat) for a specific individual.
Sex, Age. Height Present Weight, Frame Size. Activity Level and
Basal Metabolic H art; for normai individuals are taken into account.
Ideal weight and sustaining calories for any weight of the above
indvtdualare calculated. Wnen a weight goal is given (eilhergain or
loss), and a calorie plan is agreed upon between the computer and the
individual, the number of days to reach the weight goal is projected.
The starting and ending rate ol weight loss is calculated, and a daiJy
calendar with each day's predicted weight lor a 30-day period is
printed.
Please s city 5* or 8" disk.
Source listing and documentation $300,00
SOUTH EAST MEDIA
P.O. Box 794 Chattanooga TN 37443
1-615-842-4601
• lament pulle your low inventory report...
>FIL£ PRODUCTS LIST IF STOCK < 10 END
DMS2/VM JO^T/W MANAGER •100.00
« complete Data Management Syetem tiMch permits ftlee up to toOtifc.
precision BCD arithmetic, MultJ— key icc*»i> eoloctton and eorttng.
DMS2/VM employe a virtual memory acceaa method uncier *rilch program*
-tritnn' that iMtn din in in memory and directly eccoeelblo. Tha
«y«tom aupporta alphanumeric *um.ertc» decimal* integer* cctiati and
hexadecimal field typaa. Up to 24 fielda *n4 12 lavatt par file May
ba defined by tha uaar. A aimpio high-level command language illowi
a vertoty of data manipulation including reformatting, calculation*
inquiry, fc.ey~m*rgo« evmmation. print and 6*lect)*y of tfatabaae data.
ACC2/VM ACCOUNTING SYSTEM *3SO.OO
All eeaentiel accounting and bookkeeping functlona including Journal*
ladgar. interna etetemont and balance atiaat. The uaar deOnee accountar
products and tranwettona to tha ay i tarn and thua tallora It to Me
own retail* whaleaele or eervico environment. Tha ayatem operate*
undir OMS2/VM uhlch pormite cuatom report* of product movement or
account atatue to 6a generated. Accounta receivable and payable are
intagral to the ayatam *■ la polM-of-aale tapability.
MFTl MULTI FIXED TABIC O/S »100,00
allow* uaar definition of region alia for up to eight terminal/taaka
ano emul4t*a fttX O/S far aimultaneoue execution of each tai*< i11o»e
croaa scheduling lag: printer reftloneJ and Intar-taek commUntcatlone.
UTILITIES "A X~A CARTE" — tS.OO EACH
DUMP - Output any aection of memory in hex end ASCII. DDBK - "Output
any dlek aector in dump format. OMAP - Output track b aector chain Of
any file. PMAP - Output load map of command filea. LI J TO - Output all
directory info on filea. L1STDS - Output aeteeied directory info in
three column*. LluTF - Mat file with diak id I data heading. I ILL -
delete Mlea without 'are you euro* prompt. FIMD - Output all ftla
record* containing ■ given etnne. MCOPf » Copy file* between tfieke
uaing one drive. All load at fClOO 4nd output may ba directed td
CRT* printer or oiek. MINIMUM ORDSR - »23.00. All )0 (or 1*0.00,
WESTCHESTER Applied Buelneee. SdataMt
Pott Office Bon 1B7
Srtarcllff Ninon N.Y. 141510
C<*Mvlt*ll<jal 9H-t1l-2»t le-ll ».H> EST)
tilii Rtft ;l: itt-Mii iviM.H.c. ara>rt.c*t«in rtavetlii
m* ******
CT-64
CT-1024
* DMA VIDEO ADAPTER
FOR YOUR TERMINAL
• DMA (ability to update anyplace on the screen
directly)
• HIGH SPEED DISPLAY (last as any video board)
• KEYBOARD CONTROL (of baud rate and paging
scrolling)
• DOCUMENTATION (mcludes source listing that
replaces Outee)
J.B.I, adapter with memory $142.50, J.B.I, adapter
without memory $129.50. Source Code on Disk $5.00 —
Tape $3.50
Provide your system configuration and software.
Terms: cash, MC, Visa orC.OD, plus $3.50
shipping and handling.
Johnson Micro Computer
2607 E. Charleston
Las Vegas, Nev. 89104
1-702-384-3354
62.
_ W Micro Journal
THOMAS INSTRUMENTATION
THE MACHINE TOOL, INDUSTRIAL SPECIALISTS IN BUSINESS ON A
FULL TIME BASIS FOR 10 YEARS
NEW PRODUCT:
S-R/R
4HK 2MHz STATIC RAMjROM card
"24 2K blocks memory mapped on any 2K boundary
*uses low power 20lf)P-2 t2l2K> RAM and/or 27tf> ROM
mix 4K blocks of RAM and ROM
*6M0 and W09 compatible
*use on SS-50 and SS-50C buss
"decoded for extended addressing
*5 volts only
+ low power consumption Hyp, Vi amp wilh 4SK RAM}
*gold connectors
Bare Board $49.00 2716 I MHZ $9.95 20)6 P 2 2MHZ $lf>.5()
A/T with lf>K $250.00: with 32K $375.00: with 4KK $495.00
A/T without memory chips $120,00
NEW ACCESSORIES K)R 68XX I 'SKRS:
SS 50/SS-5OC EXTENDER CARD $35.00
SS*30 EXTENDER CARD $25.00
"Both cards assembled with a buill in logic aid &. gold edge connector*
SS-30 WIRE- WRAP/PROTOTYPE BOARD (board only* s:u mi
*Pad spacing permits most standard sockets from H lo 64 pins
* Provision has been made lor voltage regulators
FEATURED PRODCCT: SP-J Bare card $49.00 Asm. -I- tested $1*5,00
"A super prototype board "Card design includes
t3) W<2I f> parallel ports
U) W50 4 serial ports
(I) 6840 3 16 bil counter timers
which are lullv buffered and decoded
4 Accomodates a mix of 38, 14 &. 16 pin wire wrap sockets
*Pad spacing permits most standard sockets from H to 64 pins
MODEM CARD H C
special parts kit
A/T without extra features
♦SUPER CPU assembled with source listing
without 2K EPROMS <2-270K>
♦Monitor in two 270K EPROMS
♦CPU bare card, doc. & src.
♦VIDEO RAM asm. 7x9 chars 64M6
♦VIDEO RAM bare. doc. XiaL src.
•PARRALLEL I/O asm 100 I O lines
inch 5 PI As for 10 ports
♦PARALLEL I/O bare card & doc.
■SS-50 WIRE- WRAP/PROTOTYPE bare
■TRANSITION CARD asm.
-TRANSITION CARD bare
DEALERS FOR SWIPC, GIMIX. AM) TSC
"All Thomas Instru mentation's cards come with full documentation including software source listings where applicable * All
assembled cards are burned in at I50P and fully tested with Gold conn. *Bare card prices do not include edge connectors
♦See previous ads, write, or call for more detailed information.
THOMAS INSTRUMENTATION
168 EIGHTH STREET — AVALON, N.J. 08202 (609) 967-4280
NJ RES. INCLUDE 5% SALES TAX
CONT. ISA INCLUDE $3.00 SHIPPING. CANADA $6.00, FOREIGN $12.00
MASTERCARD, VISA, and C.O.D. ACCEPTED
To satisfy in-depth questions regarding our products send $20.00 to receive full documentation, schematics. & source listings for all
hoards currently in production
'68* Micro Journal 03
$ 4SUX)
J 195.00
A/T wilh extra features
$395.(XI
$325,00
Soli ware obj. & >rc. on FLEX disk
BACKPLANES AM) MOTHER HOARDS
$ 10,00
$235.00
*|fc position SS-50
$K0.00
$ 29(H)
*I2 position SS-50
$60.00
$ 59. (M)
4 N position SS-50
$40.00
$195.00
1 fc position SS-50
$30 4K)
$ 49.00
' 4 position SS-50
moo
* X position SS 30
$39.00
$139.00
** Connectors:
$ 49. 00
GOLD $1.60 ea. (M or F>
$ 39.00
s 95. (K)
TIN M $.40 ea. h $.50 ea.
S 49. 00
SOUTHEASTERN MICRO
SYSTEMS, INC.
inr
BTR^09
TERMINATOR BOARD
FOR BS-00 AND S8-00C BUS
. REMOVES MOST ADORCBB AND
DATA LINE NOISES
. SYSTEMS RUN WITH LEBB ERRORS
, OIBK SYSTEMS PERFORM BETTER
, USES TERMINATOR PACKS
ASSEMBLED
$25.00
iBSt fmfmi+f* m** m*m mmmiimiim?
64K/256K DYNAMIC
MEMORY BOARD
. MAY BE CONFIGURED TO UBE:
10K « 1 DYNAMIC RAM (4110/1116)
FOR e<K OR
04K x 1 DYNAMIC RAM (S2S4/Sa«0)
FOR 25SK
. TOTALLY TRANSPARENT REFRESH
. RUNS AT 1.6 MHZ
. SUPPORTS EXTENDED ADDRESBINO UP TO
1 MEGABYTE
. UBEB VDIBK(lfn) FOR 266K OR EXTENDED
MEMORY
256K ASSEMBLED
$795.00
64K ASSEMBLED
$450.00
64K KIT
$305.00
BARE
$75.00
1080 IRIS DRIVE
CONYERS, GA 30207
404-922-1820
VDISK
. ALLOWS PLEXClw) USERS TO TREAT
EXTENOEO MEMORY AS A SUPER-FAST
Dl*K DRIVE
. HAS ITS OWN DIRECTORY AND MAY
CONTAIN PROGRAM ANO DATA FILES
. FILES MAY BE COPIED TO IT AND
FROM IT
. FLEX<lm) UTILITIES AND USER
PROGRAMS MAY READ FROM AND
WRITE TO THIS DRIVE
$99.00
(Specify 5 1/4' of 8' disk)
'You're always on target
with Southeastern Micro
Systems*
US SNIPPINO 12.00. FOREIGN ADD 10%
<UB FUNDS ONLY)
**V^^^*v
ALL - IN - TWO
♦ nr POPULM MAAHR WE NAVC SPLIT OUR 'ALL-IM-OME' CP»0N *W»MWKR
INTO TVO ROARD*; AM S-W I/O CMO AND A PROGRAMMER ASSfNBLr. THE
PROGMAJVtfR, WITH IT'S BASC'tATC, AtE EXTENDED OUT TO TOUR WORK AREA
VIA S* Of TWISTEO PAIR CABLE. THIS KEEPS THE LID ON COOtX* PR0RLEKS
ANO KAKfl USE *KN PORE COtftENlCNI THhM SlMOLE BOARD »ESIM5.
• PROCRAWVS ANft VEHFtlS *SQS/*700, 2S16/271* <?IN»LC ANO TAI-Vott
TYPES) 2532, Z7M. l?Uk m 25*4, 7764 ANO THE TZSx THS2H* (16* « 8> .
♦ EkTENS[VC C0MMND1 MENU PtOVlOEl THE FOLLOWtNC MClLITIESl
ROVE SLOCKS W OAT*. RlAO PROA INTO SUMtt, ?Rt*tA« PROM FROM «UFf(fl,
VtRtPV PRO* AdAXNlT SUfflR, fXAMINf /CHANfil PUFFER, fWMATIR »UMP OF
sumR, fill suffer yiTH spicificd syte, rimjrr to oos ok hdnjtor.
• nALf OOCUMfNTEl USER'S AMtUAL MOVIfrCS 1TEP-BT-5TIP 4SAPTAT10W MD
OPERATINS INSTRXICTIOHS.
• SOTTUARE fOURCE FlLf [UttUW*. . .EMASLEI COSTOFMJtR*.
* PBOFItSlODALLt FINISH!* PCB*1 USSOLtfR HStST t COIPOUNf OVfBLAT.
HE'S, MSfPtATI, SOfTWARI, ft OOCUMNTAflOM.., T .,,..*4S.0Q
MARO TO AfT PARTS KIT {SPECIAL DEL StflTRMES, IW., WW RES) .... .113.00
iSStRBLtO ft SURMO IN, C/W lNTERfORMECTIKC CASLE ,,1)75.00
tPltl*Ti CPU (6S00/£SO9>, DISK UU <$/•"), A*0 OOS <SSS/FLL*>.
KOfE:A POOULI MILL R* AVA1LASLE F0« 0S-» I* APRIL **2.
PRICES IMCLUM SHIPPING VIA RE6ISTEIE1 AIR NAIL.
(WHICN IS MOT CHEAP* •)
PAY«M1 Eft 1*»T'L RDNET OtttR, BANK DRAFT, VISA OR MASTER CHAR6E.
WIMDRUSN MICRO STSTCJKJ LIHITEI
CAVRttS WAT INDUSTRIAL ESTATE
NORTH yAlSfcAA, NOtfOLK
UtUm,. NR2E DAN
T€Lt *0*W> AQSTSV
TLKt WSOO S*AJIT €
lit ARE A STOCK IM» OlSTRIfUlM Of ISO, SIAJI, TSC AN* HtCROVftftE.
C Compiler for 6809
Adapted from Ron Cain's SMALL-C.
FLEX9 version requires RLOAD
(included on separate disk). Full
C to come in three steps: 1.0 now;
2.0 - 3Q/82; 3.0 - 10/83. Upgrade
policy and prices to be announced.
Run-time library source included.
48K recommended.
For FLEX9 (with loader) $52.50
(If you si ready have RLOAD) $47.50
RLOAD 3.0 separately $17.50
For D0S69D (specify aaaembler) $47.50
Shipping included. Prices good until July
'82. Add $2/disk for 8". Add $2 handling
for Visa/Mast erCsrd. Allow 4 weeks for
non-certified check. Pleaae do not send
caah. Texas reaidenta: add $0.25 aalea
tax per 5" disk, $0.35 per 8" disk.
FLEX is s trademark of Tschnical Systems
Consultants, DOS69D is a trademark of
S«oks Signal Broadcasting..
word's worth
P.O. Box 2S9&4
OillM. T*««i 75326
64
68' Micro Journal
E X 3 8 A
FLEX & RS COLOR COMPUTER
The 'GOOO NEKS' Is now here, the popular and very
powerful FLEX" disk system Is now running on the Radio
Shack Color Computer*!!
The system can be ordered In parts as needed. OR AS A
COMPLETE RUNNING SYSTEM, all you furnish is a color or
B4W TV or monitor, and a desire to learn and use the
powerful FLEX" disk system and the Motorola 6809
microprocessor. The necessary software Includes tlie
special Technical System Consultants's 6809 General
FLEX" (J150 including the Editor and Assembler). Note
that the Editor and Assembler normally sell for S50
each, which means that FLEX" (special) Is only (50 as
packaged. Also to mate up the system we offer the
following softwere and hardware packages.
F-HATE": (For Radio Shack system and Exatron) a set of
software supplied on 5 Inch diskettes. F-mate generates
the Interface between the disk controller*, FLEX",
editor, assembler, word processor** and the color
computer. Simple step-by-step Instructions detail the
creation of a 'Sysgen' disk and then a final 'bootable'
FLEX" disk for the Color Computer. Included Is: DCB00T
which Is the power-up boot on disk. EXL0A0ER is used to
toad a virgin FLEX. COR when performing a Sysgen
operation (the supplied assembler Is required). The disk
controller ROM Is the Interface at this stage of the
operation. Also Included ts GETOFF which unloads and
offsets needed programs to avoid conflicts In memory
utilization. GETOFF can be used as a normal FLEX*
program once the bootable disk ts finished. PATCHES Is
furnished to complete the Interface between the naw
FLEX" system and the Color Computer.
PATCHES: patch and make functional various standard
TSC utilities and programs Including rV*PEN0 ASMB COPY
EDIT PUTLDR SAVE and others. A special NEW01SK (single
side, single density, 35 track) routine allows disks madn
on the Color Computer to be reed or written on other
FLEX" systems, Insuring complete transfer of disks from
Standard S50 Bus computers.
Additional naw software patches are being developed for
existing Standard S50 Bus FLEX" software. They wU I be
advertised as soon as reasonable debugging sessions
Indicate they function as expected.
"» TSC's Extended BASIC CXBASIC) patches are now
running. Others to follow; call for current Information.
COLOR BASIC SAVE * LOAD
A set of utilities will be announced soon. Included In
this package will be utilities to LOAD and SAVE the
Microsoft BASIC programs you write for the Color
Computers ROM BASIC. Fact Is that this FLOC system
does not In any way change the normal Radio Shack BASIC
operation. AN Radio Shack game-paks and other
hardware and softwere can be used when deslrad. Also
you have the powerful and very useful Radio Shack
BASIC*, TSC XBASIC, Radio Shack Color Disk System and/or
the Exatron disk system, you end up with three systems,
FLEX", Exatron" or the Radio Snack system!!
NOTE: Also ready by the rime this is published will be
the F-Mate" version for the Radio Shack Color Computer
Disk System??
PRICES
FLEX special general version S150-00
Includes Editor and Assembler
F-mate" as described above but not
Including coming utilities
•• Specify RS Disk System or
Exatron Disk System **
when ordered with FLEX $ 49.95
Without FLEX S 59.95
•Special Sxatron Disk Controller with
32K RAM expansion S299.95
NOTE: This unit required
for the above system.
Radio Shack Color Disk System
Single drive with controller
and power supply $579.50
Screen-Clean" - RFl hash eliminator
for the standard Exatron Expans-
ion and disk controller (removes
most of the monitor screen hash)
Kit S 19.95
Wired and tested S 39.95
Single Disk Drive with +en-
closure - single side, 40
track - double density
$329.95
Dual Disk Drive with nonclos-
ure - single side, 40 track
double density S649.95
Single drive cable
Double drive cable
J 24.95
J 34.95
Radio Shack 16K Color Com-
puter, with Extended BASIC
and ready for above items S 595-00
With the above as a package you have
a FULL 48* RAM plus ROM computer with
FLEX" and dlsk(s) for LESS THAN $1500
and with C L RIM
Additional Olsk drives with enclosure
and power supply $329.95
■" Coming soon
♦ With Power Supply
VISA or MASTER CHARGE accepted
DATA-COMP
SOUTH EAST MEDIA
P.O. Box 794 Chattanooga TN 37443
1-615-842-4601
Add $25.00
Shipping & Handling
For Complete Set
68 Micro JoumaJ
5900 Cassandra Smith Rd
Hbcson. TN 37343
iP
/
Second Class Postage Paid
At Chattanooga, TN
fSSN 0194-5025
— HELIX
THE MAINFRAME m
• Industry Standard Optima Cabinet
• Largest Constant Voltage Power
Supply in the Industry
• S-64 Bus gives 1 6 Bit Power and
S-50 Bus Compatibility
• 10 Main (S-64) Slots
• 14 I/O (S-30) Slots plus 2 O/vboard
• On-board Baud Rate Generator
to 38 4Kb
• Space and Power for two 5K r Disk
Drives
• Full Address Decoding for I/O Slots
• Two RS-232 Serial and Two parallel
Ports On-board
• Single Board Construction for
Reliability
• Faraday Shielded Bus Lines give
Teat Book Clean Signals
THE PROCESSORS
6809
• Standard 2 MHz: Operation
• Standard DAT Compatible with
GIMIXandSWrPC
• Standard 6840 Interval Timer
• Standard 1K Scratchpad RAM
• Standard Clock/Calendar with Battery
• Provision for Programmers Console
68000
• Standard 8 MHz Operation
• Memory Management Hardware
• Provision for Programmers Console
• 16 Bit Power and 8 Bit Compatibility
The HELIX™ computer system represents the latest advance in S-50
bus computer systems. Relying on the physical nature of S-50 bus
connectors to guarantee compatibility, the HELIX adds 14 bus lines
(becoming S-64) to allow a 68000 processor to operate with full 16 bit
data transfer and 24 bit addressing, while at the same time providing
full interchangability with existing S-50 components.
Offered with a selection of processors, memories, and peripheral con-,
trollers. a HELIX system can be configured for applications ranging
from advanced hobbyist to multiterrmna! time-sharing.
Designed to offer the utmost in speed, reliability, and utility at a
reasonable price, rt represents a new standard of quality for those
who require a professionally designed computer for professional use.
THE POWER SUPPLY
• Ferro^resonant Transformer for Line Noise
and Under-Vottage Protection
• Conservative 25 Amps at 8.5 Volts
• Conservative 5 Amps at ± 1 6 Volts
• Conservative Component Rating for
Reliability
THE COMPONENTS
• Fully Socketed
• Gold Ptated Bus Connectors
• Only B" Series 68XX Components Used
• Only Top Grade Logic Circuits Used
• Industrial Grade Components Throughout
THE MEMORIES
DM-64
• Field Proven
• Proprietary Memory Control Log*c
• FuMy Transparent Refresh
• Tested at 2 5 MHz Operation
DM-512
• 512K Bytes on a Single S-64 Board
• 16 Bit Power and 8 Bit Compatibility
• Runs in Existing S-50 Systems where
Physical Space Allows
• Full 24 Bit Addressing
• FuttyTransparenl Refresh
THE PRICES
Because of the variety of configurations
possible, full pricing cannot be given Rep-
resentative prices are'
• 64K 6809 HELIX
• 64K 68000 HELIX
• 51 2K 6809 HELIX
• 51 2K 68000 HELIX
$1995
$2595
$4450
$4995
HAZELWOOD COMPUTER SYSTEMS
7413 N. Lindbergh, Hazetwood, Missouri 63042
Dealer and OEM Inquiries Invited. We support our Dealers,
(314)837-3466
Optima is a Trademark ot Scientific -Atlanta
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